Religious Challenges to School Voucher and Tax Benefit/Scholarship Programs     

Martha McCarthy 《Peabody Journal of Education》2016,91(4):473-489

A key component of current school reform efforts focuses on increasing parental choice through voucher systems and programs that provide tax benefits for contributions to scholarship programs for private school tuition. Indeed, proposals to adopt such programs have been or currently are being considered in four-fifths of the states, and about half of the states have already adopted some type of voucher and/or tax benefit program to assist parents in selecting private education for their children. This article provides an overview of the challenges to school voucher and tax benefit programs under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and/or the religion clauses of state constitutions. Specific sections address pertinent Supreme Court decisions, state constitutional religion clauses, state court cases rejecting religious challenges to voucher and tax benefit/scholarship programs, and cases in which such initiatives have been invalidated under the religion clauses of state constitutions. The concluding section focuses on the viability of future religion clause challenges to such programs and implications of legal developments pertaining to the privatization of schooling in our nation.  相似文献   

The Interconnected Model of Professional Growth as a means to assess the development of a mathematics teacher     

Martha Witterholt  Martin Goedhart  Cor Suhre  Anno van Streun 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2012

In this qualitative study we used a case study approach to observe and analyse a mathematics teacher who was challenged to redesign her lessons during network meetings with colleagues. Changes in practical knowledge are described by means of concept maps and semi-structured interviews. We applied cycles of change from the Interconnected Model of Professional Growth to describe the teacher’s professional development. We show that the teacher’s practical knowledge changes in the domain of practical content knowledge, and that controlled experimentation and reflection are necessary conditions to learn a new teaching strategy and to develop a series of lessons for pupils.  相似文献   

EEG/ERP MEASURES OF EMOTION–COGNITION INTEGRATION DURING DEVELOPMENT     

Martha Ann Bell  Anjolii Diaz 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2012,77(2):8-16

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Infant Attention and Early Childhood Executive Function     

Kimberly Cuevas  Martha Ann Bell 《Child development》2014,85(2):397-404

Individual differences in infant attention are theorized to reflect the speed of information processing and are related to later cognitive abilities (i.e., memory, language, and intelligence). This study provides the first systematic longitudinal analysis of infant attention and early childhood executive function (EF; e.g., working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility). A group of 5‐month‐olds (n = 201) were classified as short or long lookers. At 24, 36, and 48 months of age, children completed age‐appropriate EF tasks. Infant short lookers (i.e., more efficient information processors) exhibited higher EF throughout early childhood as compared to infant long lookers, even after controlling for verbal ability (a potential indicator of intelligence). These findings are discussed in relation to the emergence of executive attention.  相似文献   

IV. STABILITY OF ATTACHMENT SECURITY FROM INFANCY TO LATE ADOLESCENCE     

Ashley M. Groh  Glenn I. Roisman  Cathryn Booth‐LaForce  R. Chris Fraley  Margaret T. Owen  Martha J. Cox  Margaret R. Burchinal 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2014,79(3):51-66

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V. CAREGIVING AND CONTEXTUAL SOURCES OF CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN ATTACHMENT SECURITY FROM INFANCY TO LATE ADOLESCENCE     

Cathryn Booth‐LaForce  Ashley M. Groh  Margaret R. Burchinal  Glenn I. Roisman  Margaret T. Owen  Martha J. Cox 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2014,79(3):67-84

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Preschool teachers’ questioning in sociodramatic play     

Sohyun Meacham  Carol Vukelich  Myae Han  Martha Buell 《Early childhood research quarterly》2014

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“The total woman:”; The rhetoric of completion     

Martha Solomon 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):74-84

The success of Marabel Morgan's Total Woman indicate its rhetorical effectiveness despite its substantive flaws. This article argues that the book's strong appeal to readers stems from: (1) its promise of fulfillment if woman expiate the guilt they bear for marital discord by self sacrifice; (2) its reinforcement of readers perceptions of themselves and their husbands; and (3) its emphasis on the power of “Total Women”; and its encouragement of sexual fantasy and play. These strategies produce a persuasive message which plays on readers’ concerns for their marriages, offers an alternative to the self consciousness urged by feminists and permits women to fulfill comfortable stereotypes yet experience the power and sexual freedom promised by liberationists. For readers with troubled marriages Morgan provides an alluringly simple, emotionally attractive answer to complex questions. Her message is rhetorically effective even if intellectually weak and psychologically misleading.  相似文献   

Autobiographies as rhetorical narratives: Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Anna Howard Shaw as “new women”     

Martha Solomon 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):354-370

Using the life stories of two leaders of the woman's suffrage movement, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Anna Howard Shaw, this essay explores the role of autobiographies in social movements. Theoretically, the essay argues that as sustained narratives, autobiographies offer two distinctive rhetorical resources for their authors: the potential to depict the emergence of belief s from experiences and the ability to enact the doctrine. Second, the essay argues that the characteristic features of autobiography enhance the persuasive force of this depiction and enactment. In essence, the essay suggests that autobiographies can complement and supplement formal public arguments for a movement in distinctive ways.  相似文献   

Books on Research Methodology     

Mary N. Barton  Marion V. Bell  Martha L. Hackman  Hubert M. Blalock 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(4)

Mary N. Barton and Marion V. Bell's compilation Reference Books: A Brief Guide (Baltimere: Enoch Pratt Free Library, $1.25)

Martha L. Hackman's The Practical Bibliographer (Prentice-Hall, $5.95 cloth, $2.95 paper)

Hubert M. Blalock An Introduction to Social Research (Prentice-Hall, $5.95 cloth, $2.95 paper)  相似文献