Developing children: developmental discourses underpinning physical education at three Scottish preschool settings     

Nollaig McEvilly  Matthew Atencio  Martine Verheul 《Sport, Education and Society》2017,22(8):943-957

This paper reports on one aspect of a study that investigated the place and meaning of ‘physical education’ to practitioners and children at three preschool settings in Scotland. We employed a poststructural type of discourse analysis to examine the developmental discourses the 14 participating practitioners drew on when talking about ‘physical education’ at preschools, during semi-structured interviews. Three main discourses around the notion of developmentalism were identified during analysis of the adults’ interview data: (1) preschool children learn and develop through play; (2) preschool children should have choices and freedom and (3) sometimes more structured activities are needed. The practitioners were heavily invested in developmental ‘truths’ about how preschool children learn and develop. They were in agreement that play is a vital element of preschool education, and that, consequently, children should be provided with opportunities for exploration and making choices. However, they also talked about sometimes ‘needing’ to restrict children's freedom and provide more adult-led activities. Our findings illustrate the strength of developmental discourses at the three settings. We suggest that preschool practitioners, as well as policy-makers and researchers, should critically reflect on the effects of taken-for-granted developmental discourses and move beyond thinking in terms of binaries such as ‘physical education versus play’ or ‘structure versus freedom’.  相似文献   

Pupils’ (II ‐ 12 year olds) conceptions of combustion     

Martine Meheut 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(1):83-93

This study relates to the teaching of combustion in the first year of French secondary education (11‐12 years of age). The area of particular interest was to investigate to what extent a study of combustion makes it possible to introduce concepts relative to chemical reactions.

Data were collected before teaching and during teaching sessions by means of written replies to questionnaires, interviews, and tape‐recording of the sessions. Over 400 pupils were questioned. The results show that the observations made by the students lead them to interpretations which are far removed from concepts of a chemical reaction between a combustible and oxygen. The modification of properties of an object during a combustion results from separate transformations of each of the substances composing the object. Permanent nature of some substances is asserted, made good by the conservation of some properties (colour, smell, for example).

These results have immediate pedagogical implications and indicate the necessity of redefining the objectives of such teaching.  相似文献   

Reliability and Validity of the Flemish Physical Activity Computerized Questionnaire in Adults     

Lynn Matton  Katrien Wijndaele  Nathalie Duvigneaud  William Duquet  Renaat Philippaerts  Martine Thomis 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):293-306

The purpose of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the Flemish Physical Activity Computerized Questionnaire (FPACQ) in employed/unemployed and retired people. The FPACQ was developed to assess detailed information on several dimensions of physical activity and sedentary behavior over a usual week. A triaxial accelerometer, the RT3 Triaxial Research Tracker (RT3), in combination with a written 7-day activity record, was used as the objective criterion measure. In employed/unemployed people, 2-week test-retest reliability for several activity variables calculated from the FPACQ was good to excellent with intraclass correlations (ICCs) ranging from .67 to .99. In retired people ICCs were lower but, except for time spent eating, still fair to excellent, ranging from .57 to .96. Except for time spent in leisure time activities for men and the average energy expenditure related to sports participation in women, correlations between the RT3 and the FPACQ generally supported the relative validity of the FPACQ for employed/unemployed people (r ranging from .37 to .88). Values for retired people were somewhat lower (r ranging from .15 to .85), but most variables still reached at least moderate correlations. Concerning absolute validity, the FPACQ generally overestimated physical activity and underestimated sedentary behavior compared to the RT3. From this study, it can be concluded that the FPACQ is a reliable and reasonably valid questionnaire for assessing different dimensions of physical activity and sedentary behavior.  相似文献   

Evaluation of a group intervention using a feminist approach for women experiencing sexual abuse     

Bergeron M  Hébert M 《Child abuse & neglect》2006,30(10):1143-1159

OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluates a group intervention using a feminist approach for women experiencing sexual abuse in childhood or adulthood in order to measure changes associated with participation in a group intervention and verifies whether effects are maintained over time. The present study relates effects of the group intervention in terms of psychological distress, depression symptoms, post-traumatic stress symptoms and feelings of guilt and helplessness. METHOD: The sample consists of 26 women participating in a group intervention offered by sexual assault centers in Quebec (CALACS - Centre d'aide et de lutte contre les agressions à caractère sexuel). RESULTS: Results show significant differences between pretest and post-test scores obtained one week following the end of the group intervention and gains are maintained at follow-up 3 months later. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that participation in the group intervention is associated with a reduction of psychological distress, depression symptoms, post-traumatic stress symptoms and feelings of guilt and helplessness in adult women reporting sexual abuse.  相似文献   

‘Learning is an endless journey for anyone’: undergraduate awareness,experiences and perceptions of the research culture in a research-intensive university     

Rachel Spronken-Smith  Romain Mirosa  Martine Darrou 《高等教育研究与发展》2014,33(2):355-371

  相似文献   

Distancing strategies in child-mother dyads: effect of mother’s education and children’s sex     

Ponce  Corinne  Alcorta  Martine  Constans  Stéphanie  Rouyer  Véronique  Lucenet  Joanna 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2022,37(4):1051-1068

European Journal of Psychology of Education - This study on mother–child interactions is in line with Sigel’s theoretical approach to distancing. The current study aimed at analyzing...  相似文献   

Inactive runners or sedentary active individuals?     

David Thivel  Martine Duclos 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(1):1-2

  相似文献   

Motor performance,body fatness and environmental factors in preschool children     

António M Antunes  José Maia  Donald Hedeker  Élvio R Gouveia  Martine Thomis 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(20):2289-2295

The first aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor performance and body fatness among 3- to 5-year-old children. The second aim was to assess whether this relationship works similarly for boys and girls. We also investigated whether socioeconomic status (SES) and geographical area when children are aged 3 years old predicts the motor performance of 4 and 5-yr-old children. Motor performance was assessed through the Preschool Test Battery, while body fatness was estimated through body mass index (BMI). SES and geographical area were assessed via parent proxy-report questionnaires. BMI was negatively associated with standing long jump. The association of BMI and motor performance was not statistically different for boys and girls. Children from low SES performed better than high SES peers in tennis ball throw for distance. Rural children were better performers than urban peers in standing long jump. Rural area at baseline was also predictor of standing long jump and tennis ball throw for distance at time 1 and 2. In conclusion, BMI had a negative association with standing long jump and the relationship of BMI with all motor tests was similar for boys and girls. SES and rural area were predictors of motor performance.  相似文献   

An educational technique of great potential: Simulation games     

Martine Mauriras-Bousquet 《Prospects》1974,4(4):555-578

  相似文献   

Skeletal maturation,fundamental motor skills and motor coordination in children 7–10 years     

Duarte L. Freitas  Berthold Lausen  José António Maia  Johan Lefevre  Élvio Rúbio Gouveia  Martine Thomis 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(9):924-934

Relationships between skeletal maturation and fundamental motor skills and gross motor coordination were evaluated in 429 children (213 boys and 216 girls) 7–10 years. Skeletal age was assessed (Tanner-Whitehouse 2 method), and stature, body mass, motor coordination (Körperkoordinations Test für Kinder, KTK) and fundamental motor skills (Test of Gross Motor Development, TGMD-2) were measured. Relationships among chronological age, skeletal age (expressed as the standardised residual of skeletal age on chronological age) and body size and fundamental motor skills and motor coordination were analysed with hierarchical multiple regression. Standardised residual of skeletal age on chronological age interacting with stature and body mass explained a maximum of 7.0% of the variance in fundamental motor skills and motor coordination over that attributed to body size per se. Standardised residual of skeletal age on chronological age alone accounted for a maximum of 9.0% of variance in fundamental motor skills, and motor coordination over that attributed to body size per se and interactions between standardised residual of skeletal age on chronological age and body size. In conclusion, skeletal age alone or interacting with body size has a negligible influence on fundamental motor skills and motor coordination in children 7–10 years.  相似文献