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21.
Colin Webster Iveta Silova Amy Moyer Suzanne McAllister 《Journal of Educational Change》2011,12(3):347-370
As the former socialist countries of Southeastern/Central Europe and the former Soviet Union have embarked on their journeys
from authoritarian to democratic societies in the early 1990s, education systems across the region have experienced major
changes. From curriculum revision to education finance reforms, virtually no aspect of the education systems has remained
untouched. While all post-socialist reform efforts have striven for large-scale, sustainable change, some initiatives were
more successful than others, and many reform efforts were short-lived. Focusing on pre-service teacher education reform in
Latvia, this article seeks to understand how educational leadership contributes to sustainability of educational reform in
the dynamic context of post-socialist education transformation processes. 相似文献
22.
Dorothy E. McAllister Wallace R. McAllister Stephen E. Dieter 《Learning & behavior》1976,4(2):204-209
In Experiment I, eight groups of rats (n = 20) were given shuttlebox-avoidance training. Two levels of shock (.3 and 1.6 mA) were combined factorially with two levels of reward (large and small) under both continuous and discontinuous (.75 sec on and 2.00 sec off) shock. Visual situational cues were absent after a shuttle response for the large-reward condition and present for the small-reward condition. Superior performance was obtained with weak rather than strong shock under both reward conditions and with large rather than small reward only under the weak-shock condition. Continuity of shock had no differential effect on performance. Experiment II allowed the conclusion that the reward effect was attributable to a reinforcement mechanism. The data were taken as support for the effective reinforcement theory, which emphasizes the importance in avoidance learning of fear conditioned to situational cues. 相似文献
23.
Sheila Marie McAllister 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(4):262-277
ABSTRACTIn this case study research, the effectiveness of psychological support services rendered to students at a Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) college in South Africa is explored. Using the systems theory of psychology, the article postulates that students at TVET colleges encounter a myriad of psychological challenges, which can adversely affect their academic success. From an interpretivist paradigmatic standpoint, a sample of 30 students was purposively selected to participate in focus group interviews. It was found out that psychological support services improved students’ academic performances, attendance, retention, and also enhanced college certification rate. It is recommended that institution need to establish linkages with key stakeholders such as the Departments of Higher Education and Training and Health, psychological professional bodies, and other TVET colleges in order to create a platform for sharing vital information on psychological support to students. 相似文献
24.
Carolyn McAllister 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(4-5):514-530
This paper reviews the student perspectives of an online BSW program. The structure of this program is presented, along with findings from a mixed-method evaluation of four matched BSW courses where each instructor taught both the online and face-to-face sections. Although there are no identified differences in performance, grades, or retention, students report differences in developing instructor and classmate relationships and in overall course satisfaction. Qualitative findings highlight the advantages of the flexibility of online education, tempered by challenges in making connections and fewer spontaneous interactions. Implications for online course development are discussed. 相似文献
25.
Middle and secondary schools have increasingly offered distance-learning classes as a means of meeting diverse student needs and curriculum requirements while using instructional and budget resources efficiently. Little emphasis has been placed on the readiness of students to participate and succeed in these less conventional learning environments. The ill-prepared and apprehensive student may be prone to academic dishonesty. This investigation seeks to synthesize how pedagogical efforts to foster the development of self-regulated learning skills may reduce instances of cheating and plagiarism in online classes. 相似文献
26.
Matthew P. McAllister 《The Communication Review》2013,16(4):403-428
The Super Bowl symbolizes the increasing acceptance and prevalence of advertising in society. The essay analyzes the discourse around Super Bowl advertising. After first examining the reasons why national advertisers are attracted to the Super Bowl, the essay then examines pre‐event discourse about Super Bowl advertising, discourse that elevates advertising during the event, and post‐event discourse about Super Bowl advertising. Ultimately, the paper argues that because Super Bowl advertising has been granted such social attention and legitimacy, it encourages the celebration of advertising as a beloved form of mediated entertainment. 相似文献
27.
How education systems operate in divided societies is an increasingly important question for academics and educational practitioners as well as for governments. The question is particularly pertinent in post‐conflict societies, where education is a key mechanism for resolving conflict between divided communities. Using Northern Ireland as a case study, this article sheds new light on the role of education in conflict resolution by examining the long‐term impact of segregated and integrated education on attitudes towards community relations and levels of contact between the Protestant and Catholic communities. The results suggest that individuals who had attended an integrated school are significantly more likely to have friends and neighbours from across the religious divide and that these friendship networks translate into a more optimistic view of future community relations. This is not the case, however, when kinship networks are considered. The evidence from Northern Ireland suggests that the education system can be a source of both conflict and cohesion depending on the nature of the school system as well as the particular source of division to be addressed. 相似文献
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En este artículo se plantea uno de los problemas más centrales de la educación: el problema de la verdadera igualdad de oportunidades y del derecho de los individuos a planificar su currículum. Aunque el sistema de selección estadounidense contra el que se rebelan los participantes en el proyecto Algebra pueda parecer muy lejano al sistema pretendidamente igualitario de nuestro país, hay un paralelismo entre ambos mayor de lo que pudiera pensarse. Los mecanismos de la selección son quizá menos explícitos en nuestro sistema curricular, pero igualmente efectivos y sus raíces estriban en la separación entre la cultura escolar y la cultura familiar, entre el niño como alumno y el niño como ciudadano, entre los agentes educativos comunitarios y los agentes educativos escolares.Lo que los autores de este artículo plantean para el caso concreto del acceso al álgebra en las comunidades negras de Estados Unidos es igualmente válido para cualquier materia y para cualquier colectivo de individuos cuyo entorno social esté disgregado de la cultura oficial impuesta por la escuela: la necesidad de unir sentido con significado en el diseño de la educación. O, lo que es lo mismo, plantear ésta como un desafío para el conjunto de la comunidad, recuperando para los nuevos contenidos que la sociedad exige los modos de enseñanza tradicionales, donde la motivación viene dada por la implicación de todos los agentes educativos de la comunidad en la instrucción del niño. 相似文献
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