The Design of Competency-Based Performance Assessment in E-Learning     

Dominique M. A. Sluijsmans  Frans J. Prins  Rob L. Martens 《Learning Environments Research》2006,9(1):45-66

This article focuses on the design of competency-based performance assessment in e-learning. Though effort has been invested in designing powerful e-learning environments, relatively little attention has been paid to the design of valid and reliable assessments in such environments, leaving many questions to educational developers and teachers. As a solution to this problem, a systematic approach to designing performance assessments in e-learning contexts is presented, partly based on the 4C/ID model. This model enables the construction of realistic whole tasks instead of advocating education that is restricted to more isolated skills. A new assessment procedure also implies an alternative view of instructional design, learning and assessment. The requirements for the learning environment are addressed. Examples from a virtual seminar are presented to illustrate the design approach. The article concludes with the identification of possible pitfalls related to the approach and gives directions for future research.  相似文献   

Relation between cognitive and motor performance in 5- to 6-year-old children: results from a large-scale cross-sectional study     

Wassenberg R  Feron FJ  Kessels AG  Hendriksen JG  Kalff AC  Kroes M  Hurks PP  Beeren M  Jolles J  Vles JS 《Child development》2005,76(5):1092-1103

The relation between cognitive and motor performance was studied in a sample of 378 children aged 5-6. Half of these children had no behavior problems; the others were selected for externalizing (38%) or internalizing problems (12%). Quantitative and qualitative aspects of motor performance were related to several aspects of cognition, after controlling for the influence of attention. No relation between global aspects of cognitive and motor performance was found. Specific positive relations were found between both aspects of motor performance, visual motor integration and working memory, and between quantitative aspects of motor performance and fluency. These findings reveal interesting parallels between normal cognitive and motor development in 5- to 6-year-old children that cannot be ascribed to attention processes.  相似文献   

The governance of sustainable socio-technical transitions   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

Adrian Smith  Andy Stirling  Frans Berkhout   《Research Policy》2005,34(10):1491-1510

A quasi-evolutionary model of socio-technical transitions is described in which regimes face selection pressures continuously. Differentiated transition contexts determine the form and direction of regime change in response to these pressures. The articulation of pressures, and the degree to which responses are coordinated and based on resources available within the regime, define the transition context. Four alternative contexts are described: endogenous renewal; re-orientation of trajectories; emergent transformation and purposive transitions. Agency and power in the governance of regime transformation are analysed. Power to affect change depends on regime membership, the distribution of resources for change and expectations.  相似文献   

Effects of conceptual knowledge and availability of information sources on law students’ legal reasoning     

Fleurie Nievelstein  Tamara van Gog  Henny P. A. Boshuizen  Frans J. Prins 《Instructional Science》2010,38(1):23-35

Due to the complexity of the legal domain, reasoning about law cases is a very complex skill. For novices in law school, legal reasoning is even more complex because they have not yet acquired the conceptual knowledge needed for distilling the relevant information from cases, determining applicable rules, and searching for rules and exceptions in external information sources such as lawbooks. This study investigated the role of conceptual knowledge in solving legal cases when no information sources can be used. Under such ‘unsupported’ circumstances, novice and advanced students performed less well than domain experts, but even experts’ performance was rather low. The second question addressed was whether novices even benefit from the availability of information sources (i.e., lawbook), because conceptual knowledge is prerequisite for effective use of such sources. Indeed availability of the lawbook positively affected performance only for advanced students but not for novice students. Implications for learning and instruction in the domain of law are discussed.  相似文献   

The Symbolism of the Healthy Body: A Philosophical Analysis of the Sportive Imagery of Health     

Frans De Wachter 《体育哲学杂志》2013,40(1):56-62

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Editorial     

Frans H. Doppen  Elizabeth Anne Yeager 《Curriculum Journal》2013,24(2):165-175

Abstract

During the past two decades, the debate over a national curriculum has been the subject of much controversy in the United States. However, this debate, part of a much larger debate over the broader goals of public education, has inevitably clashed with the long‐held American notion of local control of schools. The purpose of this article is to present a brief historical overview and identify some issues which continue to feature prominently in the ongoing debate over national and state curriculum standards. The authors focus on curriculum standards for history. A case‐study of this specific debate will reveal some of the major issues which have surfaced in the broader debate.  相似文献   

South African Deaf education and the Deaf community     

Storbeck C  Martin D  Parkin I  Magongwa L  Druchen BP  Batchelor M  McIlroy G  De Villiers D  Captieux-Bhana N  Rasebopye L  Rasebopye D  Krige-Henderson S  Krige F  Louw A  Surtees T  Smit AL  Cox R  Henderson M 《American annals of the deaf》2010,155(4):488-518

In a special section of the american Annals of the Deaf, Deaf education and the Deaf community in South Africa are discussed. The special section is organized into 7 segments: a historical overview to establish context, the educational context, educators and learners, postgraduate education and employment, perspectives of Deaf children and their parents, sport and the arts, and spiritual lives and mental health. Throughout the entire section, however, the central focus is on the overall foundation (or lack thereof) of education for Deaf learners in South Africa.  相似文献   

Delayed diagnosis and treatment of extreme hypertriglyceridemia due to rejection of a lipemic sample     

Jan Van Elslande  Samira Hijjit  Katrien De Vusser  Michel Langlois  Bjrn Meijers  Ann Mertens  Bart Van der Schueren  Glynis Frans  Pieter Vermeersch 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2021,31(2)

IntroductionMost laboratories routinely determine haemolysis, icterus and lipemia indices to identify lipemic samples and reject potentially affected results. Hypertriglyceridemia is the most common cause of lipemia and severe hypertriglyceridemia (≥ 11.3 mmol/L) is a major risk factor of acute pancreatitis.Laboratory analysisA 56-year-old woman attended the outpatient clinic for a follow-up visit 1 month after a kidney transplantation. Her immunosuppressive therapy consisted of corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and mycophenolic acid. The routine clinical chemistry sample was rejected due to extreme lipemia. The comment “extreme lipemic sample” was added on the report, but the requesting physician could not be reached. The Cobas 8000 gave a technical error (absorption > 3.3) for the HIL-indices (L-index: 38.6 mmol/L) which persisted after high-speed centrifugation. The patient was given a new appointment 2 days later. The new sample was also grossly lipemic and gave the same technical error (L-index: 35.9 mmol/L).What happenedThe second sample was manually diluted 20-fold after centrifugation to obtain a result for triglycerides within the measuring range (0.10–50.0 mmol/L). Triglycerides were 169.1 mmol/L, corresponding to very severe hypertriglyceridemia. This result was communicated to the nephrologist and the patient immediately recalled to the hospital. She received therapeutic plasma exchange the next day and did not develop acute pancreatitis.Main lessonThis case illustrates the delicate balance between avoiding the release of unreliable results due to lipemia and the risk of delayed diagnosis when results are rejected. Providing an estimate of the degree of hypertriglyceridemia might be preferable to rejecting the result.  相似文献   

Reflective Functioning,Limit Setting,and Emotional Availability in Mother–Child Dyads     

Clara Möller  Caroline Odersjö  Frans Pilesjö  Kendra Terpening  Malin Österberg  Rolf Holmqvist 《Parenting, science and practice》2017,17(4):225-241

Objective. There is a need for better understanding the relation between parents’ mentalizing about their child and their actual behavior toward the child. Specifically, it is important to understand the significance of mentalization about discrete parental challenges in comparison with mentalization about the relationship in general in relation to their interaction with the child. This study aimed to examine parental mentalization and observed emotional availability. Design. Forty mothers were observed in a play situation with their children (aged 3–10 years) to rate the emotional availability in the interaction. Mothers were also interviewed with the parent development interview and about parental limit setting to assess parental reflective functioning. Results. Analyses showed moderate correlations between the reflective functioning scores and the emotional availability dimensions. Approximately 15% of the variance in emotional availability scales could be accounted for by the reflective functioning ratings. Conclusions. The results suggest that parents’ ability to mentalize about limit setting behaviors may affect interactions between the parent and child.  相似文献   

Activity and Interaction of Students in an Electronic Learning Environment for Problem-Based Learning   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Frans Ronteltap  Anneke Eurelings 《Distance Education》2002,23(1):11-22

This paper contains the results of an experimental study in which students used a collaborative learning tool in the time between regular meetings of a tutorial group in problem-based learning. The analysis of the learning situation for which this tool was developed, as well as the evaluation of the experiment, is based on a model of collaborative learning that covers three sections. The first is the learning environment that mediates the second section learning behaviour and the third section learning mechanisms . From the perspective of the stimulation of productivity in collaborative learning, the relation between characteristics of the problem task (learning environment) and interactions (learning behavior) was explored. In problem-based learning students formulate learning issues after a brainstorm discussion in the group. Students formulate theoretical and practical learning issues. Two research questions are presented in this study: What types of learning issues generate most interactions? and What types of learning issues generate the highest level of information processing? The first question is concerned with an analysis of the number of interactions and the second with the quality of these interactions. Practical learning issues generated more interactions, as well as a higher level of information processing. These results are discussed in the context of social factors in learning.  相似文献