The effects of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on cycling performance and acid base balance recovery in acute normobaric hypoxia     

Lewis A. Gough  Sanjoy K. Deb  Danny Brown  S. Andy Sparks  Lars R. McNaughton 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(13):1464-1471

This study investigated the effects of two separate doses of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) on 4 km time trial (TT) cycling performance and post-exercise acid base balance recovery in hypoxia. Fourteen club-level cyclists completed four cycling TT’s, followed by a 40 min passive recovery in normobaric hypoxic conditions (FiO₂ = 14.5%) following one of either: two doses of NaHCO₃ (0.2 g.kg^?1 BM; SBC2, or 0.3 g.kg^?1 BM; SBC3), a taste-matched placebo (0.07 g.kg^?1 BM sodium chloride; PLA), or a control trial in a double-blind, randomized, repeated-measures and crossover design study. Compared to PLA, TT performance was improved following SBC2 (p = 0.04, g = 0.16, very likely beneficial), but was improved to a greater extent following SBC3 (p = 0.01, g = 0.24, very likely beneficial). Furthermore, a likely benefit of ingesting SBC3 over SBC2 was observed (p = 0.13, g = 0.10), although there was a large inter-individual variation. Both SBC treatments achieved full recovery within 40 min, which was not observed in either PLA or CON following the TT. In conclusion, NaHCO₃ improves 4 km TT performance and acid base balance recovery in acute moderate hypoxic conditions, however the optimal dose warrants an individual approach.  相似文献   

An interview with John Christopher     

John Gough 《Children‘s Literature in Education》1984,15(2):93-102

John Christopher is a well known, prize-winning writer. His adult novelThe Death of Grass was runner-up for the International Fantasy Award when Tolkien'sThe Lord of the Rings won first prize. Similarly his children'sTripods trilogy,The White Mountains, The City of Gold and Lead, andThe Pool of Fire, were all runners-up to the Guardian Award, whileThe Guardians won the Guardian award for 1971. HisSword trilogy, The Prince in Waiting, Beyond the Burning Lands, and The Sword of the Spirits, has been reissued by Puffin in a single volume. Some critics, such as John Rowe Townsend (inWritten for Children), have accused John Christopher of an underlying pessimism, or of male chauvinism. Christopher has not replied to these criticisms. He prefers to let his books speak for themselves. Unlike other writers who keep a high public profile, he has not spoken at conferences on children's literature or published essays which present or defend his point of view.Early in 1983 I wrote to John Christopher. What began as a simple fan letter developed into a series of questions, which he was kind enough to reply to at length: from this correspondence, with John Christopher's agreement, I have compiled the interview which follows.He has published articles on C. S. Lewis's Narnia Chronicles (Cle 25), Patricia Wrightson's Wirrun trilogy, and on aspects of language education. He recently completed a graduate diploma in children's literature.  相似文献   

Learning to read: an unnatural act   总被引：9，自引：9，他引：0  

Philip B. Gough  Michael L. Hillinger 《Annals of dyslexia》1980,30(1):179-196

  相似文献   

Guidelines for Reporting and Evaluating Qualitative Research: What are the alternatives?     

Alan Reid  Stephen Gough 《Environmental Education Research》2000,6(1):59-91

There is more to guidelines for qualitative research reports than that proposed in Smith-Sebasto (2000). Our response to the article illustrates a range of alternatives to the position and criteria outlined by Smith-Sebasto. We draw on examples from across the wider literature to explore themes and issues regarding the purpose(s) of guidelines, their content and how they are structured. Our core argument is that deliberations on the process and product of judging the quality of qualitative research in environmental education research require the recognition of two points regularly contested within the literature on guidelines. Firstly, the existence of a wide variety of types, genres and forms of qualitative research; and secondly, the proposition that criteria for judging research quality contain within them, implicitly or explicitly, a defining view of what research is, and perhaps more contentiously, what it should be.  相似文献   

Robyn’s Birthing Story     

Mariam Noel Murgio 《The Journal of perinatal education》2014,23(4):172-173

This “Celebrate Birth!” column describes the experience of a long-time childbirth educator who attended the birth of her granddaughter Cora, her daughter Robyn’s second hospital birth. She discusses how Robyn’s instincts and confidence helped to overcome institutional issues to provide a good and safe birthing experience.  相似文献   

Rivalry,rejection, and recovery: Variations of the Cinderella story     

John Gough 《Children‘s Literature in Education》1990,21(2):99-107

John Gough has taught widely in Australia and Papua New Guinea, and now lectures at the Toorak Campus, Victoria College Australia. He has contributed many articles toCLE.  相似文献   

Introduction: Phenomenography in Higher Education     

Noel Entwistle 《高等教育研究与发展》1997,16(2):127-134

  相似文献   

Enterprise Education     

Peter Appelbaum  Noel Gough 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2002,29(2):131-144

  相似文献   

Direct and indirect aggression during childhood and adolescence: a meta-analytic review of gender differences, intercorrelations, and relations to maladjustment   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Card NA  Stucky BD  Sawalani GM  Little TD 《Child development》2008,79(5):1185-1229

This meta-analytic review of 148 studies on child and adolescent direct and indirect aggression examined the magnitude of gender differences, intercorrelations between forms, and associations with maladjustment. Results confirmed prior findings of gender differences (favoring boys) in direct aggression and trivial gender differences in indirect aggression. Results also indicated a substantial intercorrelation (r = .76) between these forms. Despite this high intercorrelation, the 2 forms showed unique associations with maladjustment: Direct aggression is more strongly related to externalizing problems, poor peer relations, and low prosocial behavior, and indirect aggression is related to internalizing problems and higher prosocial behavior. Moderation of these effect sizes by method of assessment, age, gender, and several additional variables were systematically investigated.  相似文献   

The relation between sense of audience and specific learning disabilities: An exploration     

Noel Gregg  Patricia McAlexander 《Annals of dyslexia》1989,39(1):206-226

The relationship between two college-able learning-disabled writers’ unique social and cognitive profiles and the sense of audience in their written texts is explored. The first student demonstrated significant visual and organizational cognitive processing deficits. The second student had deficits in oral language comprehension and production. While the writing of both students was affected by their disabilities, our findings suggest that the quality of their audience awareness is indeed related to the nature of their specific learning disability profile.  相似文献