Intercultural Communication Competence Scale: Invariance and Construct Validation in Portugal     

Gabriela Gonçalves  Lily A. Arasaratnam-Smith  Natércia Rodrigues  Raquel Carvalheiro 《Journal of Intercultural Communication Research》2020,49(3):242-262

ABSTRACT

This article explores the psychometric validation of an Intercultural Communication Competence (ICC) scale. Three studies were performed: (1) psychometric evidence pertaining to the scale’s reliability and factor structure and an analysis of the measurement invariance; (2) assessment of convergent and predictive validity; and (3) analyzes the association between ICC and affective and cognitive dimensions of cultural empathy. A three-factor model with eight items yielded the best fit to the data. The scale showed non-invariance between genders, but proved to be a predictor of intercultural contact. Convergent validity were demonstrated.  相似文献   

Children’s Visual Scanning of Textual Documents: Effects of Document Organization,Search Goals,and Metatextual Knowledge     

Anna Potocki  Christine Ros  Nicolas Vibert  Jean-François Rouet 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2017,21(6):480-497

This study examines children’s strategies when scanning a document to answer a specific question. More specifically, we wanted to know whether they make use of organizers (i.e., headings) when searching and whether strategic search is related to their knowledge of reading strategies. Twenty-six French fifth graders were asked to search single-page documents presented on the screen of an eye tracker in order to respond to questions requiring the location of information in either a single paragraph (Location questions) or multiple paragraphs (Comparison questions). Location questions were easier and faster to answer than Comparison questions. The presence of headers led to more selective reading strategies but did not significantly speed up the search. Strong individual differences were observed in children’s scanning strategies: Some systematically fixated headers, whereas others did not. These differences were not significantly related to the participants’ decoding or comprehension skills but rather to their knowledge of reading strategies.  相似文献   

Fifteen years looking at the mirror: On the presence of PISA in education policy processes (Portugal, 2000‐2016)          下载免费PDF全文

Luís Miguel Carvalho  Estela Costa  Catarina Gonçalves 《European Journal of Education》2017,52(2):154-166

This article describes and discusses what happens when knowledge for policy generated within PISA is received by its target audience: what have the Portuguese policy actors been doing with PISA data and analysis when they consider, express and justify their choices? Drawing on previous and current studies, using interview materials and formal and informal policy documents, as well as texts published in the written press, the article analyses two main phenomena related to the reception of PISA and how this has evolved between 2001 and 2012 in Portugal: the consolidation of PISA's credibility as a source for policy processes and texts; the emergence of new actors and modes of intervention in the production of knowledge for national policy, drawing on PISA. Finally, it presents an analysis of the reception of PISA 2015 in the Portuguese media, focusing on the interventions by political actors in the Portuguese daily and weekly written press. Two main elements emerge from our content analysis as the main common elements of that reception: the consecration of PISA's credibility; and the practices of qualification and disqualification of educational policies and perspectives. The article concludes by emphasising the regulatory role of PISA in Portuguese policy processes and the relevant contribution played by the politics of reception in legitimising this role.  相似文献   

Collaborative learning processes in the context of a public health professional development program: a case study     

Marie-Claude Tremblay  Lucie Richard  Astrid Brousselle  François Chiocchio  Nicole Beaudet 《Studies in Continuing Education》2017,39(1):87-106

The health promotion laboratory (HPL – Canada) is a public health professional development program building on a collaborative learning approach in order to support long-term practice change in local health services teams. This study aims to analyse the collaborative learning processes of two teams involved in the program during the first year of implementation. Based on a multiple case study design involving observations, interviews, and documentary sources, the study: (1) describes the learning process by which each team built a common understanding of the problem at hand and developed an intervention to address it; (2) identifies factors that facilitated or hindered these processes; and (3) proposes a cross-case explanation of the collaborative learning process in the HPL. The results demonstrate that the two teams learned by expanding their repertoire of actions, albeit experiencing different processes. Results point to the central role of shared mental models and key influencing factors, such as commitment and participation (team cohesion), team climate (psychological safety), and leadership style. Unlike previous studies on team learning that concentrated on existing teams in organisations, the current research studied purposely created teams working at transforming their practices and showed that they can successfully learn if specific conditions are achieved.  相似文献   

Determinants of increasing duration of first unemployment among first degree holders in Rwanda: a logistic regression analysis     

François Niragire  Alphonse Nshimyiryo 《Journal of Education & Work》2017,30(3):235-248

Unexpectedly, the duration of first unemployment among first degree holders has quickly increased in Rwanda after considerable loss of the skilled labour during the war and Genocide perpetrated against Tutsi in 1994. The time it takes a higher education graduate to land a first employment is a key indicator for the evaluation of and optimal investment in higher education. A long-term first unemployment has negative psychosocial and economic consequences, and is an interplay of diversified factors. Yet, these factors have not been ascertained in Rwanda, whereas their knowledge is crucial for an efficient planning of higher education and employability of the graduates. This study aimed to fill in this knowledge gap for the period 1998–2009. We fitted a binary logistic regression model to data from the 2010 Employer and Graduate Survey (n = 1007) that was conducted by the National University of Rwanda. The results showed that the duration of first unemployment was significantly associated to the graduate’s age, job search method, acquired skills, further graduate studies, monthly salary and category of employing institution. The results suggest that the higher education sector should identify and fill skills gaps in the existing curricula or its delivery with reference to the labour market requirements.  相似文献   

Child and partner abuse: self-reported prevalence and attitudes in the north of Portugal     

Machado C  Gonçalves M  Matos M  Dias AR 《Child abuse & neglect》2007,31(6):657-670

OBJECTIVES: To determine the self-reported prevalence of child and partner physical and emotional abuse in the north of Portugal and to investigate attitudes about these forms of family violence. METHODS: Data were collected by questionnaire from a representative sample of parents in two-parent families with children under the age of 18 years. A total of 2,391 parents participated (1,057 males), aged 20-67 years. Four questionnaires were used, one behavioral and one attitudinal, for each of the forms of abuse: child and partner. RESULTS: At least one act of emotional or physical abuse towards a child during the previous year was reported by 25.9% of participants (12.3% reported physically abusive and 22.4% emotionally abusive acts). Abuse of a partner was reported by 26.2% of participants; at least one act of physical abuse during the previous year was reported by 12% and of emotional abuse by 23.7%. The attitudinal data, however, showed general disapproval of the use of violence, both for disciplining children and within marital relationships. The degree of self-reported support for physical punishment was higher in participants who reported using abusive behavior. Females more commonly reported acts of child abuse, and males reported acts of partner abuse. Both forms of self-reported abuse showed an association with low educational and socio-economic status. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study in Portugal to analyze family violence through self-report using a representative sample. The findings indicate that child and partner abuse constitute a significant problem in the region of northern Portugal. The discrepancy between the self-reported behavioral and attitudinal data may reflect conflicts in Portuguese society, which is undergoing substantial cultural changes.  相似文献   

Overeducation on the Belgian labour market: evaluation and analysis of the explanatory factors through two types of approaches     

Güngör Karakaya  Robert Plasman  François Rycx 《Compare》2007,37(4):513-532

This paper examines the incidence and determinants of overeducation in the Belgian private sector. Two different approaches are used to define overeducation by means of data on characteristics of employees and employers. Using the 1995 Structure of Earnings Survey, between 22% and 24% of the workforce is found to be overeducated. Results support the idea that employers view labour market experience as a substitute for formal education. They also show that male workers and people employed in state‐owned firms are less affected by overeducation. Further results suggest that the size of the establishment has a very weak (negative) impact on overeducation.  相似文献   

Analysis on fused deposition modelling performance     

Nur Saaidah Abu Bakar  Mohd Rizal Alkahari  Hambali Boejang 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2010,11(12):972-977

Fused deposition modelling （FDM） is one of rapid prototyping （RP） technologies which uses an additive fabrication approach.Each commercially available FDM model has different types of process parameters for different applications.Some of the desired parts require excellent surface finish as well as good tolerance.The most common parameters requiring setup are the raster angle,tool path,slice thickness,build orientation,and deposition speed.The purpose of this paper is to discuss the process parameters of FDM Prodigy Plus （Stratasys,Inc.,Eden Prairie,MN,USA）.Various selected parameters were tested and the optimum condition was proposed.The quality of the parts produced was accessed in terms of dimensional accuracy and surface finish.The optimum parameters obtained were then applied in the fabrication of the master pattern prior to silicone rubber moulding （SRM）.These parameters would reduce the post processing time.The dimensional accuracy and surface roughness were analyzed using coordinate measuring machine （CMM） and surface roughness tester,respectively.Based on this study,the recommended parameters will improve the quality of the FDM parts produced in terms of dimensional accuracy and surface roughness for the application of SRM.  相似文献   

Approaches to studying in higher education Portuguese students: a Portuguese version of the approaches and study skills inventory for students     

Sandra Cristina A. T. S. Valadas  Fernando R. Gonçalves  Luís M. Faísca 《Higher Education》2010,59(3):259-275

This paper examines the validity of the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students—short version (ASSIST; Tait et al. in Improving student learning: Improving students as learners, 1998), to be used with Portuguese undergraduate students. The ASSIST was administrated to 566 students, in order to analyse a Portuguese version of this inventory. Exploratory factor analysis (principal axis factor analysis followed by direct oblimin rotation) reproduced the three main factors that correspond to the original dimensions of the inventory (deep, surface apathetic and strategic approaches to learning). The results are consistent with the background theory on approaches to learning. Additionally, the reliability analysis revealed acceptable internal consistency indexes for the main scales and subscales. This inventory might represent a valuable research tool for the assessment of approaches to learning among Portuguese higher education students.  相似文献   

Psychological Help-Seeking Attitudes and Barriers to Help-Seeking in Young People in Turkey     

Selda Koydemir  Özge Erel  Duygu Yumurtacı  Gözde Nur Şahin 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2010,32(4):274-289

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