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21.
Influences on women's entry into male-dominated occupations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article focuses on women's entry into male-dominated occupations in the United States. It looks at the impact of Title IX and related legislation which opened access to colleges and universities to women and examines the effects of initial or pre-enrollment student characteristics, organizational attributes of the college of university, student performance and experiences in higher education and the attributes of employing organizations on women's entry into male-dominated occupations. The article concludes with a model for measuring the relative influence of each. 相似文献
22.
This study investigated the validity of Tinto's (1975) model of college withdrawal in four different types of institutions: residential universities, liberal arts colleges, two-year commuter institutions, and four-year commuter institutions. Analyses were conducted on a sample of 2,326 freshmen from 11 postsecondary institutions. The results generally supported the predictive validity of the model but suggested: (1) that the main-effects influence on persistence of measures of social and academic integration is modest, and (2) that the magnitude of the influence of particular aspects of social and academic integration depended to a significant degree on the characteristics of those students being considered. The theoretical and policy implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
23.
Ernest Pascarella Louise Bohr Amaury Nora Sam Ranganathan Mary Desler Carole Bulakowski 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(6):577-589
This investigation compared the impacts of 2‐year and 4‐year colleges on learning orientations. Controlling for precollege learning orientations, academic aptitude, age, work, place of residence, and enrollment status, this study found no significant differences between 2‐ and 4‐year students in freshman‐year effects on enjoyment of diversity and intellectual challenge, learning for self‐understanding, internal locus of attribution for academic success, and preference for higher order cognitive activities. The findings are consistent with other recent evidence casting doubt on major differences in the net educational effects of 2‐ and 4‐year colleges. 相似文献
24.
Ernest T. Pascarella Jui-Sheng Wang Teniell L. Trolian Charles Blaich 《Higher Education》2013,66(5):569-583
This study analyzes longitudinal data from 17 four-year institutions in the United States to determine how the distinctive instructional and learning environment of American liberal arts colleges accounts for the positive impact of liberal arts college attendance on four-year growth in critical thinking skills and need for cognition. We find that, net of important confounding influences, attending an American liberal arts college (vs. a research university or a regional institution in the United States) increases one’s overall exposure to clear and organized classroom instruction and enhances one’s use of deep approaches to learning. In turn, clear and organized classroom instruction and deep approaches to learning tend to facilitate growth in both critical thinking and need for cognition—thus indirectly transmitting the impact of attending a liberal arts college. 相似文献
25.
Culver K. C. Bowman Nicholas A. Pascarella Ernest T. 《Research in higher education》2021,62(6):765-788
Research in Higher Education - Recent research has uncovered significant concerns about the validity of some types of college student self-reports. This study examines the extent to which student... 相似文献
26.
Ernest T. Pascarella Paul B. Duby Vernon A. Miller Sue P. Rasher 《Research in higher education》1981,15(4):329-349
Multiple group discriminant analysis was employed to determine the utility of preenrollment traits and academic performance in identifying freshman students who persisted, stopped out, or withdrew early from an urban, nonresidential university. An equation based on nine preenrollment variables significantly discriminated among the three groups and correctly identified 48.1% of an independent validation sample (p<.001 for the hypothesis that overall correct classification was a significant improvement on chance). The clearest separation based on preenrollment traits was between stopouts on the one hand and both persisters and withdrawals on the other. It was only after first-quarter academic performance was added to preenrollment traits that a sharp discrimination was found between persisters and early voluntary withdrawals. 相似文献
27.
Sueuk Park Ernest T. Pascarella 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(9):700-716
Using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study, 1988 (NELS: 88), this paper documents differences in the socioeconomic plans of students in two-year and four-year colleges. We found attendance at a two-year college led to a modest but statistically significant disadvantage in socioeconomic plans. However, the impact of attending a community college on educational and occupational goals are conditional rather than general. That is, the negative impact on socioeconomic plans of attending a two-year college held for women but not men. Finally, according to our research, the negative effect of attending a two-year college differed in magnitude by an individual's tested cognitive preparation. In particular, attending a two-year college significantly reduced subsequent socioeconomic plans only for students with relatively high precollege test scores. 相似文献
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29.
Mark H. Salisbury Michael B. Paulsen Ernest T. Pascarella 《Research in higher education》2011,52(2):123-150
Despite substantial efforts across postsecondary education to increase minority participation in study abroad, the homogeneity
of study abroad participants remains largely unchanged (Dessoff in Int Educ 15(2):20–27, 2006; Shih in , 2009). This study applies an adaptation of an integrated student choice model (Perna in Higher education: Handbook of theory and
research, 2006; Salisbury et al. in Research in Higher Education 50:119–143, 2009) to identify differences between white and minority (African-American, Hispanic, and Asian-American) students across measures
of human, financial, social, and cultural capital previously shown to influence aspirations to study abroad (Salisbury et
al.). Analysis of data from 6,828 students at 53 institutions participating in the Wabash National Study on Liberal Arts Education
suggests numerous differences between racial groups with considerable implications for institutions, scholars, and policymakers. 相似文献
30.
Hagedorn Linda Serra Siadat M. Vali Fogel Shereen F. Nora Amaury Pascarella Ernest T. 《Research in higher education》1999,40(3):261-284
Recent international comparisons show that themathematics achievement of American students is belowthe international average. In response to thissituation, the present study compared first-year college students enrolled in remedial-type mathematicscourses with their counterparts enrolled in nonremedialcoursework. Findings include that students enrolled innonremedial mathematics courses enter the institution with many advantages over students enrolled inremedial mathematics. Tests of a path analytic modelconfirmed that background variables play a major role indetermining success in college mathematics. 相似文献