Effects of resistance training on performance in previously trained endurance runners: A systematic review     

Manuel Alcaraz-Ibañez  Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(6):613-629

The aim of this work was to identify, synthesize and evaluate the results of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of resistance training on performance indicators in previously trained endurance runners. A database search was carried out in PubMed, Science Direct, OvidSPMedLine, Wiley, Web of Science, ProQuest and Google Scholar. In accordance with the PRISMA checklist, 18 published articles dated prior to May 2016 involving 321 endurance runners were reviewed using the PEDro scale. Resistance training led to general improvements in muscular strength, running economy, muscle power factors, and direct performance in distances between 1,500 and 10,000 m. Such improvements were not accompanied by a significant increase in body mass or signs of overtraining. However, improvements did not occur in all cases, suggesting that they might depend on the specific characteristics of the resistance training applied. Although current evidence supports the effectiveness of resistance training to improve performance in already trained endurance runners, the methodological inconsistencies identified suggest that the results should be interpreted with caution. Future studies ought to investigate the benefits of resistance training in endurance runners while considering the existence of possible differentiated effects based on the specific characteristics of the resistance training carried out.  相似文献   

A Small‐Scale Randomized Efficacy Trial of the Identity Project: Promoting Adolescents’ Ethnic–Racial Identity Exploration and Resolution          下载免费PDF全文

Adriana J. Umaña‐Taylor  Sara Douglass  Kimberly A. Updegraff  Flavio F. Marsiglia 《Child development》2018,89(3):862-870

Adolescents’ ethnic–racial identity (ERI) formation represents an important developmental process that is associated with adjustment. The Identity Project intervention, grounded in developmental theory, was designed to engage adolescents in the ERI processes of exploration and resolution. The current small‐scale efficacy trial involved an ethnic–racially diverse sample of adolescents (N = 215; M_age = 15.02, SD = .68) from eight classrooms that were randomly assigned by classroom to the intervention or attention control group. Differences between conditions in ERI exploration at Time 2 were consistent with desired intervention effects; furthermore, higher levels of ERI exploration at Time 2 predicted increases in ERI resolution at Time 3 only for youth in the treatment condition. Findings provide preliminary evidence of program efficacy.  相似文献   

University surroundings and infrastructures that are accessible and inclusive for all: listening to students with disabilities     

Anabel Moriña  Beatriz Morgado 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2018,42(1):13-23

The main topic of this article is architectural barriers and infrastructures as identified by university students with disabilities. The data presented is part of a much wider research project, sponsored by Spain’s Ministry of Economy and Competition. A biographical-narrative methodology was used for this study. The results presented have been classified based on one of five barrier types: urban (barriers that are outside the actual university campus), transport (public transportation and personal vehicles), building (obstacles inside university buildings), environmental (those elements within the classroom, including furniture, excessive noise or inadequate temperatures) and communication (these are divided into signposting and barriers when accessing information). Lastly, a variety of questions are considered in the conclusions which indicate that universities still need a certain degree of adaptation and readjustment to really be accessible and inclusive, in keeping with the principles of universal design.  相似文献   

Developing a Human Nutrition Learning Progression     

Aurelio Cabello-Garrido  Enrique España-Ramos  Ángel Blanco-López 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2018,16(7):1269-1289

This paper describes the application of the methodology developed in research on learning progressions to a health-related topic. More specifically, we present a human nutrition learning progression as a hypothesis that now requires empirical validation. The study involved three phases. In the first phase, we analysed the existing literature in the domain of human nutrition. Based on this analysis, phase 2 then involved drawing up a learning progression for this domain and identifying the learning targets and progress variables, as well as the upper and lower anchors. The analysis led us to identify five progress variables, associated with the development of the concepts of food, nutrient, energy and diet, as well as with the ability to classify foods according to their nutrients. Finally, in phase 3, we identified and described the pathways that students may follow in relation to each progress variable. Given its focus on a topic closely linked to personal health, the learning progression may be useful not only as a component of teaching modules that aim to improve scientific literacy but also as a platform for future health education campaigns that seek to promote healthy eating habits among different sectors of the population.  相似文献   

Clones identification of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile by using PCR-RAPDs technique     

Manuel Toral Ibañez  Margarita Caru  Miguel A. Herrera  Luis Gonzalez  Luis M. Martin  Jorge Miranda  Rafael M. Navarro-Cerrillo 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(2):112-119

A protocol of polymerase chain reaction-random amplified polymorphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) was established to analyse the gene diversity and genotype identification for clones of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile. Ten (out of 34) clones from introduction trial located in Voipir-Villarrica, Chile, were studied. The PCR-RAPDs technique and a modified hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) protocol were used for genomic DNA extraction. The PCR tests were carried out employing 10-mer random primers. The amplification products were detected by electrophoresis in agarose gels. Forty nine polymorphic bands were obtained with the selected primers (BG04, BF07, BF12, BF13, and BF14) and were ordered according to their molecular size. The genetic similarity between samples was calculated by the Jaccard index and a dendrogram was constructed using a cluster analysis of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA). Of the primers tested, 5 (out of 60) RAPD primers were selected for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. A total of 49 polymorphic RAPD bands were detected out of 252 bands. The genetic similarity analysis demonstrates an extensive genetic variability between the tested clones and the dendrogram depicts the genetic relationships among the clones, suggesting a geographic relationship. The results indicate that the RAPD markers permitted the identification of the assayed clones, although they are derived from the same geographic origin. Project (No. CONICYT-FONDEF PROYECT D01 I 1008) supported by the National Commission of Science and Research of Chile  相似文献   

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness,inhibition, and math fluency: A cluster analysis     

Juan L. Núñez  Luis Mahbubani  Elisa Huéscar 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(23):2660-2666

ABSTRACT

This study identified clusters of adolescents who share similar cardiorespiratory fitness levels and analysed the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, inhibition, and math fluency in each of the clusters. The subjects were 490 high-school students aged 10–16 years. The mean age was 13.82 years (SD = 1.12). Latent class analysis identified three clusters with high, medium, and low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. The high-fitness cluster achieved higher scores in inhibition and math fluency than the low-fitness cluster. Path analysis revealed that the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on inhibition was non-existent in the three clusters. The effect of inhibition on math fluency was positive and significant in all three cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Cardiorespiratory fitness had a direct, positive, and significant effect on math fluency only in the high-fitness cluster. Therefore, a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness is a significant determining factor in the explanation of math fluency. These results indicate that inhibition does not mediate the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and math fluency. However, the benefits of cardiorespiratory fitness affect math fluency, which has important implications for the educational environment and the teaching/learning process.  相似文献   

Stabilization and passification of distributed-order fractional linear systems using methods of preservation     

Guillermo Fernández-Anaya  José-Job Flores-Godoy  Armando-Fabian Lugo-Peñaloza  Rodrígo Muñoz-Vega 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2013,350(10):2881-2900

This paper studies the stabilization and passification of a class of distributed-order linear time-invariant systems, by using methods of preservation in the frequency domain. Results about preservation of stability and passivity of classical linear time-invariant systems are extended to one more general family of matrix functions. Based on these results, a new approach to the problems of stabilization and passification of distributed-order linear time-invariant systems is presented. Also a result that extends the known techniques for pole placement of classical linear time-invariant systems to the new class of distributed-order linear time-invariant systems is given. Examples are given to show the validity of theoretical results.  相似文献   

Generalized multistable structure via chaotic synchronization and preservation of scrolls     

E. Jiménez-López  J.S. González Salas  L.J. Ontañón-García  E. Campos-Cantón  A.N. Pisarchik 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2013,350(10):2853-2866

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Inverted classroom teaching in the first-year design studio,a case study     

Maria Elisa Navarro Morales  Roberto Londoño 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(5):2651-2666

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Inclusive education in higher education: challenges and opportunities     

Anabel Moriña 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2017,32(1):3-17

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