List of Reviewers 2014     

By universitetsstipendiat mag.art. Per Rand 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(1):123-126

Postlethwaite, T. N. (1971). Item Scores as Feedback to Curriculum Planners. Scand. J. educ. Res. 15, 3, 123‐136. Data for Sweden from the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) mathematics study are analysed in terms of the shift in level of performance from seventh grade to ninth grade on twenty mathematics items. In turn, the level of performance for Swedish seventh and ninth graders is compared with the average level of performance for all 13‐year‐olds in the IEA study. Relative gains and losses from seventh to ninth grade are related to the Swedish Länplan. Another more general approach is used whereby each Swedish ninth grade item performance is predicted from the average 13‐year‐old performance of all countries, taking into account the Swedish lag at age 13. In this way, it can be seen if Swedish children catch up. It is assumed that such information can and will be used by curriculum planners in reforming curricula.  相似文献   

ANXIETY IN CONNECTION WITH SCHOOL PERFORMANCE: III. TRY‐OUT OF A NORWEGIAN TRANSLATION OF THE TEST ANXIETY QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CHILDREN     

By universitetsstipendiat mag. art. Per Rand 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(1):178-199

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NOEN SYNSPUNKTER PÅ DEN KOMPARATIVE PEDAGOGIKK SOM FORSKNINGSDISIPLIN     

Av doscnt Per Rand 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(1):29-45

Sandven, J. (1969). Recruitment to the gymnasium. A study of the influences of socioeconomic and personality factors on recruitment to the gymnasium. Scand. J. Educ. Res. 13, 29‐68. The object of the study was in the first place to elucidate the extent to which the socioeconomic factors may be influencing recruitment when the effect of personality factors, deemed to be important, are controlled and taken into account. Secondly, the object was to investigate the possible effect of personality factors on recruitment when the socioeconomic level is controlled or given due regard. A comprehensive investigation, involving about 3,500 students, was conducted among 9th graders in certain areas in Southern Norway: urban areas, densily populated non‐urban areas, rural areas. A follow‐up study comprising the students who transferred to the gymnasium was carried out. The report is based upon material collected in the 9th grade as well as in the later follow‐up. The results make it evident that the home environment, as expressed by socioeconomic level affects recruitment even when intellectual capacity, school achievement motivation, and feeling of security are controlled. An effect, in some cases marked, of each of these personality factors is also brought to light.  相似文献   

The Impact on University Libraries of Changes in Information Behavior Among Academic Researchers: A Multiple Case Study     

Lotta Haglund  Per Olsson 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2008,34(1):52-59

To better understand the information needs of young university researchers, an observational study was performed at three universities in Stockholm, Sweden. The observations revealed that most of the researchers used Google for everything, that they were confident that they could manage on their own, and that they relied heavily on immediate access to electronic information. They had very little contact with the library, and little knowledge about the value librarian competence could add. One important conclusion of the project is that librarians have to leave the library building and start working in the research environment, as well as putting some thought into the fact that library use is considered complicated, but Google (etc.) is easy. The findings of this project will influence changes in library services in both near and in a more distant future.  相似文献   

Maximal oxygen uptake versus maximal power output in children     

Dencker M  Thorsson O  Karlsson MK  Lindén C  Wollmer P  Andersen LB 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(13):1397-1402

Maximal oxygen uptake VO(2max)) is considered the optimal method to assess aerobic fitness. The measurement of VO(2max), however, requires special equipment and training. Maximal exercise testing with determination of maximal power output offers a more simple approach. This study explores the relationship between [Vdot]O(2max) and maximal power output in 247 children (139 boys and 108 girls) aged 7.9-11.1 years. Maximal oxygen uptake was measured by indirect calorimetry during a maximal ergometer exercise test with an initial workload of 30 W and 15 W x min(-1) increments. Maximal power output was also measured. A sample (n = 124) was used to calculate reference equations, which were then validated using another sample (n = 123). The linear reference equation for both sexes combined was: VO(2max) (ml x min(-1)) = 96 + 10.6 x maximal power + 3.5 . body mass. Using this reference equation, estimated VO(2max) per unit of body mass (ml x min(-1) x kg(-1)) calculated from maximal power correlated closely with the direct measurement of VO(2max) (r = 0.91, P <0.001). Bland-Altman analysis gave a mean limits of agreement of 0.2+/-2.9 (ml x min(-1) x kg(-1)) (1 s). Our results suggest that maximal power output serves as a good surrogate measurement for VO(2max) in population studies of children aged 8-11 years.  相似文献   

Swedish full text retrieval: Effectiveness of different combinations of indexing strategies with query terms     

Per Ahlgren  Jaana Kekäläinen 《Information Retrieval》2006,9(6):681-697

In this paper, which treats Swedish full text retrieval, the problem of morphological variation of query terms in the document database is studied. The Swedish CLEF 2003 test collection was used, and the effects of combination of indexing strategies with query terms on retrieval effectiveness were studied. Four of the seven tested combinations involved indexing strategies that used normalization, a form of conflation. All of these four combinations employed compound splitting, both during indexing and at query phase. SWETWOL, a morphological analyzer for the Swedish language, was used for normalization and compound splitting. A fifth combination used stemming, while a sixth attempted to group related terms by right hand truncation of query terms. The truncation was performed by a search expert. These six combinations were compared to each other and to a baseline combination, where no attempt was made to counteract the problem of morphological variation of query terms in the document database. Both the truncation combination, the four combinations based on normalization and the stemming combination outperformed the baseline. Truncation had the best performance. The main conclusion of the paper is that truncation, normalization and stemming enhanced retrieval effectiveness in comparison to the baseline. Further, normalization and stemming were not far below truncation.  相似文献   

Planning for change in education: Qualitative aspects of educational planning     

Per Dalin 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1970,16(4):436-450

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Books in the marketplace     

Per Gedin 《Higher Education Quarterly》1980,35(1):37-56

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Knee angular displacement and extensor muscle activity in telemark skiing and in ski-specific strength exercises     

Nilsson J  Haugen P 《Journal of sports sciences》2004,22(4):357-364

Much of the training of competitive telemark skiers is performed as dry-land exercises. The specificity of these exercises is important for optimizing the training effect. Our aim here was to study the activation of the knee extensor musculature and knee angular displacement during competitive telemark skiing and during dry-land strength training exercises to determine the specificity of the latter. Specificity was analysed with respect to angular amplitude, angular velocity, muscle action and electromyographic (EMG) activity. Five male telemark skiers of national and international standard volunteered to participate in the study, which consisted of two parts: (1) skiing a telemark ski course and (2) specific dry-land strength training exercises for telemark skiing (telemark jumps and barbell squats). The angular displacement of the right knee joint was recorded with an electrogoniometer. A tape pressure sensor was used to measure pressure between the sole of the foot and the bottom of the right ski boot. Electromyographic activity in the right vastus lateralis was recorded with surface electrodes. The EMG activity recorded during maximum countermovement jumps was used to normalize the EMG activity during telemark skiing, telemark jumps and barbell squats. The results showed that knee angular displacement during telemark skiing and dry-land telemark jumps had four distinct phases: a flexion (F1) and extension (E1) phase during the thrust phase of the outside ski/leg in the turn/jump and a flexion (F2) and extension (E2) phase when the leg was on the inside of the turn/jump. The vastus lateralis muscle was activated during F1 and E1 in the thrust phase during telemark skiing and telemark jumps. The overall net knee angular amplitude was significantly greater (P < 0.05) for telemark jumps than for telemark skiing. Barbell squats showed a knee angular amplitude significantly greater than that in telemark skiing (P < 0.05). The mean knee angular velocity of the F1 and E1 phases during telemark skiing was about 0.47 rad x s(-1); during barbell squats, it was about 1.22 rad x s(-1). The angular velocity during telemark jumps was 2.34 and 1.59 rad x s(-1) in the F1 and E1 phase, respectively. The normalized activation level of the EMG bursts during telemark skiing, telemark jumps and barbell squats was 70-80%. In conclusion, the muscle action and level of activation in the vastus lateralis during the F1 and E1 phases were similar during telemark skiing and dry-land exercises. However, the dry-land exercises showed a larger knee extension and flexion amplitude and angular velocity compared with telemark skiing. It appears that an adjustment of knee angular velocity during barbell squats and an adjustment of knee angle amplitude during both telemark jumps and barbell squats will improve specificity during training.  相似文献   

Work-time profile,blood lactate concentration and rating of perceived exertion in the 1998 Greco-Roman Wrestling World Championship     

Nilsson J  Csergö S  Gullstrand L  Tveit P  Refsnes PE 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(11):939-945

The aim of this study was to examine work-time profiles, blood lactate concentrations and perceived exertion among Greco-Roman wrestlers in the 1998 World Championship. Forty-two senior wrestlers from nine nations were studied in 94 matches. Each match was recorded with a video camera (Panasonic AG 455, film rate: 25 Hz) and analysed for duration of work (wrestling) and rest (interrupt) periods. Blood lactate concentration was determined with an electrochemical device (Analox P-LM5) and a rating of perceived exertion scale (Borg) was used to estimate general exertion and exertion in the extremity and trunk muscles. The mean duration of the matches was 427 s (range 324-535 s), with mean durations of work and rest of 317 and 110 s, respectively. The mean periods of work and rest were 37.2 and 13.8 s, respectively. Mean blood lactate concentration was 14.8 mmol x 1(-1) (range 6.9-20.6). The difference in mean blood lactate concentration between the first- and final-round matches was not significant (P > 0.05). Blood lactate concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.04) in matches of long duration than in those of short duration. The mean general rating of perceived exertion for all matches was 13.8 according to the scale used. Most of the wrestlers (53.3%) perceived exertion to be highest in the flexors of the forearm, followed by the deltoids (17.4%) and the biceps brachii muscles (12.0%). In addition to a relatively high rating of perceived exertion in the arm muscles, this indicates a high specific load on the flexor muscles of the forearm.  相似文献