Evaluation and Practical Deliberations in Education     

Philip G. Smith 《Educational theory》1978,28(4):279-285

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Quantifying physical activity in first-through fourth-grade physical education via pedometry     

Scruggs PW  Beveridge SK  Watson DL  Clocksin BD 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2005,76(2):166-175

The aim of this study was to determine pedometry steps per minute (SPM) cutscores that accurately quantify physical activity (PA) time in first- through fourth-grade physical education. A total of 257 participants were grouped in two data pools, first- and second-grade (n = 126), and third- and fourth-grade (n = 131). Systematic observation was the PA criterion instrument and pedometry was the predictor instrument. Correlations between physical activity measures were strong (r = .82-.89, p < .01). Ten min of PA and 33.33% of the lesson time engaged in PA within a 30-min class can be quantified by 61-63 SPM for first- and second-grade, and 58-61 SPM for third- and fourth-grade. IN CONCOLUSION: (a) SPM values were a valid indicator of students achieving or not achieving PA criteria, and (b) pedometry is a valid and practical tool for physical activity surveillance within physical education.  相似文献   

Editorial Introduction – Surveillance and Privacy     

Philip?BreyEmail author 《Ethics and Information Technology》2005,7(4):183-184

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Does presentation method influence film learning?     

Philip C. Minier  Fritz A. Albert  Richard D. Powers 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1961,9(4):195-200

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Effects of cooperation and teacher support on student attitudes toward decision making in the elementary science classroom     

Dean Tjosvold  Philip Santamaria 《科学教学研究杂志》1978,15(5):381-385

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Television and radio     

Bernard Casey  Philip Taylor  Jeremy Eckstein  Dominic Moody  Adrienne Muir  Catherine Shaw 《Cultural Trends》1995,7(25):63-85

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Letters     

Philip Siegelman 《Academic Questions》1988,1(3):3-5

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Anticipating ethical issues in emerging IT     

Philip A. E. Brey 《Ethics and Information Technology》2012,14(4):305-317

In this essay, a new approach to the ethics of emerging information technology will be presented, called anticipatory technology ethics (ATE). The ethics of emerging technology is the study of ethical issues at the R&D and introduction stage of technology development through anticipation of possible future devices, applications, and social consequences. In the essay, I will first locate emerging technology in the technology development cycle, after which I will consider ethical approaches to emerging technologies, as well as obstacles in developing such approaches. I will argue that any sound approach must centrally include futures studies of technology. I then present ATE and some applications of it to emerging information technologies. In ATE, ethical analysis is performed at three levels, the technology, artifact and application levels, and at each levels distinct types of ethical questions are asked. ATE analyses result in the identification and evaluation of a broad range of ethical issues that can be anticipated in relation to an emerging information technology. This ethical analysis can then be used for ethical recommendations for design or governance.  相似文献   

Comparison of power and EMG during 6-s all-out cycling between young and older women     

CR Duffy  D Stewart  F Pecoraro  PE Riches  D Farina  A Macaluso 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(12):1311-1321

Abstract To investigate the effects of ageing on the neural control strategies governing sprint cycling on a friction-loaded cycle-ergometer, 10 older (aged 70-83yr) and 8 young (aged 19-35yr) healthy women completed seven 6-s all-out cycling trials against varying loads. Root mean square (RMS), median frequency and muscle fibre conduction velocity were determined from the vastus lateralis of the dominant limb during each pedal stroke. Peak power was 43% lower in the older group compared to the younger (p??0.05). ΔRMS from the first to the sixth second during each trial was found to increase significantly with the development of power output in both groups (p?相似文献   

Reading the Local and Global: Teaching Literature in Secondary Schools in Australia     

Larissa McLean Davies  Brenton Doecke  Philip Mead 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2013,20(3):224-240

Recently Australia has witnessed a revival of concern about the place of Australian literature within the school curriculum. This has occurred within a policy environment where there is increasing emphasis on Australia’s place in a world economy, and on the need to encourage young people to think of themselves in a global context. These dimensions are reflected in the recently published Australian Curriculum: English, which requires students to read texts of ‘enduring artistic and cultural value’ that are drawn from ‘world and Australian literature’. No indication, however, is given as to how the reading and literary interpretation that students do might meaningfully be framed by such categories. This essay asks: what saliences do the categories of the ‘local’, the ‘national’ and the ‘global’ have when young people engage with literary texts? How does this impact on teachers’ and students’ interpretative approaches to literature? What place does a ‘literary’ education, whether conceived in ‘local’, ‘national’ or ‘global’ terms, have in the twenty-first century?  相似文献