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151.
Pierre Dillenbourg 《Instructional Science》1989,18(3):193-216
This paper presents the principles and the architecture of PROTO-TEG, a self-improving tutor in geometry. This system is able to discover criteria useful for selecting the didactic strategies it has at its disposal. These criteria are expressed as characteristics of the student model. They are elaborated by comparing student model states recorded when a strategy was effective and those recorded when the same strategy was not effective. This comparison is performed by machine learning methods, or, more precisely, by learning concepts from examples. An empirical experiment was performed in order to assess the self-improving functions; conditions were discovered for five of the nine didactic strategies. However, this new knowledge did not lead to PROTO-TEG being more efficient in terms of student performance.Some parts of this paper were presented at the ITS 88 Conference, in Montreal, June 1988; and other parts were presented at the second European seminar on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, in Le Mans (France), October 1988. 相似文献
152.
《合二为一》是诗人哈代为“泰坦尼克”号失事而作,诗歌表现了诗人关注人类命运的一片真诚,十分富有哲理,反映出哈代诗歌的独特魅力。 相似文献
153.
实践环节在市场营销专业教学中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着社会对市场营销专业人才的知识结构能力和素质要求的不断提高,市场营销专业实践教学的地位和作用越来越突出。在分析当前市场营销专业实践教学存在的主要问题的基础之上,提出在市场营销专业教学中加强实践环节应用的建议。 相似文献
154.
Antonia Aelterman Nadine Engels Karen Van Petegem Jean Pierre Verhaeghe 《Educational studies》2007,33(3):285-297
Research on the well‐being of teachers was conducted at the request of the Department of Education in Flanders, Belgium. The goals were: (1) to construct an instrument for the Education Inspectorate; and (2) to conduct a survey in order to identify school‐related conditions relevant for teachers’ professional well‐being. Based on literature and panel discussions with teachers and principals, a questionnaire was constructed, tested and subdivided in subscales following a factor analysis. The questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of elementary (covering both nursery and primary schools, children aged 3–12) and secondary school teachers. A multilevel analysis reveals how differences in scores can be explained at school level. 相似文献
155.
There is extensive evidence of a ‘glass ceiling’ for women across the labour market. Though schools have widely been described as ‘feminized’ work environments, the under‐representation of women at school management level is well established. Based on a study of women teachers’ careers and promotion in the English school sector (in early years, primary and secondary schools), this paper draws on a critical discourse analysis of 44 individual interviews conducted with women teachers to explore their views of the ‘glass ceiling’. Despite significant evidence of the barriers to management positions faced by women teachers, interpretative frameworks drawing on discourses of individualization and personal choice are most prominent among these to make sense of the low proportion of women in school management. However, the paper also identifies the existence of alternative discourses recognizing the existence of gender inequalities. 相似文献
156.
Jean Pierre Changeux 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2011,5(1):3-4
Works of art can be viewed as elements of a human‐specific nonverbal communication system, distinct from language. First, the cognitive abilities and skills required for art creation and perception are built from a cascade of events driven by a “genetic envelope”. Essential for the understanding of artistic creation is its epigenetic variability. Second, artistic contemplation and creation may be tentatively viewed as a discrete and singular conscious synthesis taking place within the personal global neuronal workspace of external perceptions, internal memories and stored emotions. Third, there is a need for rules that constrain and restrict in a top‐down manner the selection of representations generated by the artist's brain. Finally, artistic creation is a part of the personal history of the artist and stems from an anterior historical evolution. 相似文献
157.
158.
Pierre Debraux Frederic Grappe Aneliya V. Manolova William Bertucci 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(3):197-218
When cycling on level ground at a speed greater than 14 m/s, aerodynamic drag is the most important resistive force. About 90% of the total mechanical power output is necessary to overcome it. Aerodynamic drag is mainly affected by the effective frontal area which is the product of the projected frontal area and the coefficient of drag. The effective frontal area represents the position of the cyclist on the bicycle and the aerodynamics of the cyclist-bicycle system in this position. In order to optimise performance, estimation of these parameters is necessary. The aim of this study is to describe and comment on the methods used during the last 30 years for the evaluation of the effective frontal area and the projected frontal area in cycling, in both laboratory and actual conditions. Most of the field methods are not expensive and can be realised with few materials, providing valid results in comparison with the reference method in aerodynamics, the wind tunnel. Finally, knowledge of these parameters can be useful in practice or to create theoretical models of cycling performance. 相似文献
159.
从传统教学模式存在的弊端入手,引出建构主义的理论,进一步分析建构主义理论指导下出现的新型教学模式和教学理念,以及相应产生的一些新型教学方法,并阐明在教学改革当中带来的深远影响和意义。 相似文献
160.
在职业教育领域,国家陆续出台了一系列重大政策,为职业教育改革发展指明了方向和思路。作为我国高等教育类型之一的高等职业教育,同样肩负着以人才培养、科学研究、社会服务、文化传承创新和国际交流合作为核心内容的五大职能。对接五大职能要求,“双高”院校在引领职业教育五维度高质量发展的过程中,专业建设是核心,科技创新是赋能,育训并举是增效,思政教育是特色,国际交流是关键。通过强基树标引领人才培养模式改革,增值赋能引领科技创新能力提升,提质增效引领社会服务水平提高,特色发展引领文化传承创新,开放共享引领国际交流合作,可加快实现职业教育的高质量发展。 相似文献