Visual search, anticipation and expertise in soccer goalkeepers   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

Savelsbergh GJ  Williams AM  Van der Kamp J  Ward P 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(3):279-287

We used a novel methodological approach to examine skill-based differences in anticipation and visual search behaviour during the penalty kick in soccer. Expert and novice goalkeepers were required to move a joystick in response to penalty kicks presented on film. The proportion of penalties saved was assessed, as well as the frequency and time of initiation of joystick corrections. Visual search behaviour was examined using an eye movement registration system. Expert goalkeepers were generally more accurate in predicting the direction of the penalty kick, waited longer before initiating a response and made fewer corrective movements with the joystick. The expert goalkeepers used a more efficient search strategy involving fewer fixations of longer duration to less disparate areas of the display. The novices spent longer fixating on the trunk, arms and hips, whereas the experts found the kicking leg, non-kicking leg and ball areas to be more informative, particularly as the moment of foot-ball contact approached. No differences in visual search behaviour were observed between successful and unsuccessful penalties. The results have implications for improving anticipation skill at penalty kicks.  相似文献   

Anthropometric characteristics of elite female junior rowers     

Bourgois J  Claessens AL  Janssens M  Van Renterghem B  Loos R  Thomis M  Philippaerts R  Lefevre J  Vrijens J 《Journal of sports sciences》2001,19(3):195-202

During the 1997 Federation Internationale des Sociétés d'Aviron (FISA) World Junior Rowing Championships, the anthropometric characteristics of 245 female junior rowers aged 17.5 +/- 0.8 years (mean +/- s) were assessed. Twenty-seven body dimensions (body mass, 6 heights or lengths, 4 breadths, 10 girths and 6 skinfolds) were measured in total. The elite female junior rowers were taller (174.5 +/- 6.2 cm) and heavier (69.5 +/- 6.2 kg), with greater length, breadth and girth dimensions, but lower skinfold thicknesses than a representative sample of Flemish (Belgian) girls of the same chronological age. An anthropometric profile chart was constructed that was rowing-specific and norms were established. Compared with scullers, sweep rowers were heavier (+4.2 kg) and taller (+2.8 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth). Sweep rowers also had greater skinfold thicknesses (except for the thigh and calf skinfolds). Finalists were heavier (+3.6 kg) and taller (+3.9 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth) than non-finalists. No significant differences were found for skinfold thicknesses between finalists and non-finalists.  相似文献   

Are meetings reports the medical record of our profession?     

John Van Loo 《Health information and libraries journal》1991,8(3):157-158

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Interviewee training: A review of some empirical literature     

M. Van Latham 《Journal of Career Development》1987,14(2):96-107

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The effect of colored embellishment of a visual array on a simultaneously presented audio array     

Adrian Chan  Robert M. W. Travers  Adrian P. Van Mondfrans 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1965,13(2):159-164

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The design and testing of a wire velocimeter     

J Witters  G Heremans  W Bohets  V Stijnen  H Van Coppenolle 《Journal of sports sciences》1985,3(3):197-206

The basic principles underlying the design of a velocimeter based on an unwinding wire, for use in athletics research, are discussed. It is shown by theoretical analysis that, in order to avoid runaway effects, the tension on the wire should be either high or low but not of intermediate strength. The low tension regime is shown to be theoretically the most favourable as it combines high accuracy of speed measurements in decelerated motion with insensitivity to resonance oscillations of the wire. Practical considerations concerning the ruggedness of the apparatus, however, favour the high tension regime. A modern apparatus incorporating microprocessors and working with thin nylon wire stretched by a force of the order of 1 N, i.e. in the high tension regime, has been constructed and tested. The test results show that the velocity of decelerated motions (up to decelerations of the order of 10 m s-2) can be faithfully recorded in the velocity range 0-15 m s-1. The relative error for the measurement of constant speed up to 15 m s-1 is about one in a thousand, which is very small and practically unattainable by other methods. An application to the study of the long jump is demonstrated and validated by the use of film analysis.  相似文献   

A decade of doing video with disturbed adolescents     

Van Son LG 《E-ITV》1983,15(10):54, 56, 60

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ACOGQUEST: the model phase of the IAIMS project of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.     

K M DeGeorges  P Van Hine  W H Pearse 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1992,80(3):276-280

In 1990, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) became the first national organization to receive a model phase Integrated Academic Information Management System (IAIMS) grant from the National Library of Medicine. The goal of the ACOG model phase project is to develop and test a prototype for an integrated system that will meet the needs of ACOG and NAACOG members in patient care, research, education, and administrative information. The model phase goal will be accomplished primarily through ACOGQUEST, an integrated approach to providing accurate, current, quality-filtered information to ACOG and NAACOG members in a variety of formats. Another method of information dissemination now being tested is a heuristic-based patient management database, which will include a concise, interactive display of ACOG-reviewed information that can be incorporated into patient records.  相似文献   

Victims of violence and psychiatric illness : American Journal of Psychiatry141:378–383 (1984). Elaine (Hilberman) Carmen,M.D., Patricia Perri Rieder,Ph.D. and Trudy Mills,Ph.D     

Susan Van Scoyk 《Child abuse & neglect》1985,9(3):415-416

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Problematical aspects of expatriate educational research with and in developing countries     

Wout Van Den Bor 《International Journal of Educational Development》1985,5(3):167-181

Discussions of the problems of expatriate educational research with and in developing countries are at the core of this paper. How should a research project be set up? Who should initiate it and finance it? How does it fit into an overall development strategy? These and other questions are analysed sensitively and with understanding. The paper also examines how research questions should be formulated and how the research should be designed. Inevitably there are hidden objectives which do not appear explicit in the early stages. There are yet others which should be made explicit. Problems also arise over collecting and disseminating data, especially when the time comes to publish a report. So often political and other considerations influence the final report. Ultimately, however, the success or failure and the value or otherwise of any research depends on an intricate web of relationships, at the heart of which must be mutual trust.  相似文献