I science and the formation of policy in a democracy     

Duncan Macrae Jr. 《Minerva》1973,11(2):228-242

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How much walking is needed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness? An examination of the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans     

Anton SD  Duncan GE  Limacher MC  Martin AD  Perri MG 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(2):365-370

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Do the Effects of Head Start Vary by Parental Preacademic Stimulation?     

Elizabeth B. Miller  George Farkas  Deborah Lowe Vandell  Greg J. Duncan 《Child development》2014,85(4):1385-1400

Data from the Head Start Impact Study (N = 3,185, age = 3–4 years) were used to determine whether 1 year of Head Start differentially benefited children from homes with high, middle, and low levels of parental preacademic stimulation on three academic outcome domains—early math, early literacy, and receptive vocabulary. Results from residualized growth models showed positive impacts of random assignment to Head Start on all three outcomes, and positive associations between parental preacademic stimulation and academic performance. Two moderated effects were also found. Head start boosted early math skills the most for children receiving low parental preacademic stimulation. Effects of Head Start on early literacy skills were largest for children receiving moderate levels of parental preacademic stimulation. Implications for Head Start are discussed.  相似文献   

Orienting Attention Within Visual Short‐Term Memory: Development and Mechanisms     

Andria Shimi  Anna C. Nobre  Duncan Astle  Gaia Scerif 《Child development》2014,85(2):578-592

How does developing attentional control operate within visual short‐term memory (VSTM)? Seven‐year‐olds, 11‐year‐olds, and adults (total n = 205) were asked to report whether probe items were part of preceding visual arrays. In Experiment 1, central or peripheral cues oriented attention to the location of to‐be‐probed items either prior to encoding or during maintenance. Cues improved memory regardless of their position, but younger children benefited less from cues presented during maintenance, and these benefits related to VSTM span over and above basic memory in uncued trials. In Experiment 2, cues of low validity eliminated benefits, suggesting that even the youngest children use cues voluntarily, rather than automatically. These findings elucidate the close coupling between developing visuospatial attentional control and VSTM.  相似文献   

The quality of toddler child care and cognitive skills at 24 months: Propensity score analysis results from the ECLS-B     

Erik Ruzek  Margaret Burchinal  George Farkas  Greg J. Duncan 《Early childhood research quarterly》2014

Over half of the toddlers in the US experience routine nonparental care, but much less is known about early care than about preschool care. This study analyzed 2-year-old child care and child outcome data from the nationally representative ECLS-B sample of children born in 2001. At two-years of age, 51% of children experienced exclusive parental care, 18% relative care, 15% family child care, and 16% center care. More children in nonparental care were in medium quality care (61%) than in high quality (26%) or low quality (13%) care. Low-income children were more likely than non-low income children to be cared for by their parents and, when in care, were more often in lower quality care. The impact of toddler care quality on cognitive skills was estimated using propensity score adjustments to account for potential selection confounds due to family and child characteristics. Children's cognitive scores were higher in high or medium quality care than in low quality care, but no evidence emerged suggesting that poverty moderated the quality effects. Nevertheless, this suggests that increasing the proportion of low-income children in high quality care could reduce the achievement gap because low-income children are very unlikely to experience high quality care.  相似文献   

4. FOREIGN/COMPARATIVE MEDIA SYSTEMS     

James Duncan Jr.  F. Earle Barcus  Elmo I. Ellis 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(1):20-26

James Duncan Jr.'s American Radio: Spring '77 Report (Gilmore Advertising, 200 Michigan Bldg., Kalamazoo, Mich. 49006—$37.00 with a university rate of $28.00, paper)

F. Earle Barcus' Commercial Children's Television on Weekends and Weekday Afternoons (Action for Children's Television, 46 Austin Street, Newtonville, Mass. 02160— $25.00, paper)

Elmo I. Ellis' Opportunities in Broadcasting (Skokie, Ill.: National Textbook Co., 1977—$5.50/3.95)  相似文献   

Broadcasting     

Jeb H. Perry  Diana M. Meehan  Larry James Gianakos  James H. Duncan Jr.  Dan Blume 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(3-4):31-32

UNIVERSAL TELEVISION: THE STUDIO AND ITS PROGRAMS, 1950-1980, by Jeb H. Perry (1983, 499 pp.---$32.50)

LADIES OF THE EVENING: WOMEN CHARACTERS OF PRIME-TIME TELEVISION by Diana M. Meehan (1983, 202 pp.---$16.00)

TELEVISION DRAMA SERIES PROGRAMMING: A COMPREHENSIVE CHRONICLE, 1980-1982, by Larry James Gianakos (1983, 686 pp.---$45.00)

DUNCAN'S RADIO MARKET GUIDE by James H. Duncan, Jr. (Duncan Media Enterprises, P.O. Box 2966, Kalamazoo, MI 49003---$110, spiral bound)

MAKING IT IN RADIO by Dan Blume (Continental Media Company, 35 Forest Hills Lane, West Hartford, CT 06117---$9.95, paper)  相似文献   

Leading curriculum innovation in primary schools project: a final report     

Mark Brundrett  Diane Duncan 《Education 3-13》2013,41(6):756-765

This article provides the final report on a research project that investigated the ways in which curriculum innovation can be led successfully in primary schools. Data gathering included 40 semi-structured interviews in 10 successful primary schools in England of varying sizes and types and in a range of geographical and social locations. Findings suggest that in order for curriculum innovation to be successful, school leaders need to create an ethos for change that empowers teachers to experiment with the curriculum through the adoption of distributed forms of leadership, and that in-school and between-school cooperation is a key mechanism for change.  相似文献   

Movement Is More Than Moving     

Clarence J. Duncan 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2013,65(1):67-68

In general, this essay explores the theoretical and practical political problems associated with being an Olympic anthropologist. In particular, it examines the practical attitude that an anthropological relativist should adopt toward universal humanism in pluricultural contexts. As such, this essay serves as a critique not only of the dominant Olympic ideology itself but also of the Olympic leaders who embrace the universalist claims of Olympism and the scientists of sport who reinforce the European versions of universal humanism by which those same Olympic officials typically comprehend the world.  相似文献   

Case Study on the Implementation of School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports in an Alternative Educational Setting     

Nicholas W. Gelbar  Rose Jaffery  Ravit Stein  Heather Cymbala 《Journal of educational and psychological consultation》2013,23(4):287-313

School-wide positive behavior interventions and supports (SW-PBIS) can effectively reduce problem behaviors and simultaneously increase pro-social behaviors in general education settings. SW-PBIS is not a “packaged” intervention, but a framework through which schools create systemic changes for promoting expected behaviors, while also monitoring and intervening with students who have behavior concerns through a tiered model of service delivery. A case study documenting the SW-PBIS implementation process in an alternative educational setting is presented. Alternative schools typically serve students who qualify to receive special education services, have a lower staff-to-student ratio, and often warrant more intensive student interventions as compared to general education settings. These differences from traditional environments pose unique challenges to the SW-PBIS implementation process. Suggestions for neutralizing these challenges such as providing enhanced Tier 1 supports and extensive staff training are explained in depth in this case study.  相似文献