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61.
Drew Polly Christie S. Martin Jennifer R. McGee Chuang Wang Richard G. Lambert David K. Pugalee 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2017,45(5):659-669
This study examines the influence of a year-long mathematics professional development program on Kindergarten teachers’ beliefs, content knowledge, instructional practices, and their students’ achievement. The professional development program is grounded in the theoretical construct of learner-centered professional development and focuses on supporting teachers’ integration of standards-based pedagogies aligned with the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics. Data analysis included examining 15 Kindergarten teachers’ mathematics content knowledge, their beliefs about mathematics, their enactment of student-centered pedagogies, and student achievement on curriculum-based assessments. Findings indicated that teachers adopted more student-centered pedagogies and embraced more student-centered beliefs about mathematics teaching during their time in the project. Further, Kindergarten teachers also demonstrated gains in their mathematical content knowledge, and those content knowledge gains were linked to gains in student achievement. 相似文献
62.
Chayna J. Davis Valerie S. Knopik Richard K. Olson Sally J. Wadsworth John C. DeFries 《Annals of dyslexia》2001,51(1):231-247
The present study assesses the genetic and environmental etiologies of reading, rapid naming (RN), and their covariation by
fitting multivariate structural equation models to data from 587 twin pairs in which at least one member of the pair exhibited
reading difficulties (low-range) and from 360 control (normal-range) twin pairs who were tested in the Colorado Learning Disabilities
Research Center. Results from a bivariate phenotypic analysis with two hypothesized latent factors, READ and RN, indicated
that the correlation between reading and rapid naming performance for the low-range sample was significantly higher than that
of the normal-range sample. When this model was partitioned to include estimates of genetic, shared environmental, and nonshared
environmental influences, resulting heritability estimates did not differ significantly for the low-range and normal-range
samples for either READ or RN. However, similar to the phenotypic correlation, the genetic correlation between the READ and
RN latent factors could not be equated for the two groups. Thus, the etiology of the relationship between reading performance
and rapid naming may differ for children with reading difficulties and normally-achieving readers. Moreover, these results
support previous findings that the best predictors of reading skills may differ for samples of children with normal reading
levels and those with reading difficulties. 相似文献
63.
Bullying is grounded in the interactions between an individual and complex social–ecological systems. Therefore, bullying involvement is not just confined to the classroom or school. Recent research suggests that sibling aggression may be a predictor for peer-level aggression. These findings may be more relevant for students with disabilities because studies suggest that students with disabilities are disproportionately involved in the bullying dynamic. Therefore, this study explored the intersection between sibling aggression and school belonging on bullying, victimisation and fighting for 14,508 students, including 1183 students with disabilities and 13,325 students without disabilities in grades 6 through 12. As hypothesised, students with disabilities reported higher levels of victimisation, bullying and fighting. Additionally, high levels of school belonging partially buffered fighting and bullying behaviours for students with and without disabilities. These findings demonstrate the importance of establishing an inclusive and safe environment for school-aged youth. 相似文献
64.
When judgmental and statistical procedures are both used to identify potentially gender-biased items in a test, to what extent do the results agree? In this study, both procedures were used to evaluate the items in a statewide, 78-item, multiple-choice test of science knowledge. Only one item was flagged by the sensitivity reviewers as being potentially biased, but this item was not flagged by the statistical procedure. None of the nine items flagged by the Mantel-Haenszel procedure were flagged by the sensitivity reviewers. Eight of the nine statistically flagged items were differentially easier for males. Four of these eight measured the same category of objectives. The authors conclude that both judgmental and statistical procedures provide useful information and that both should be used in test construction. They caution readers that content-validity issues need to be addressed when making decisions based on the results of either procedure. 相似文献
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Richard J. Viken Danny L. Moore John F. Knutson David J. Fordyce 《Learning & behavior》1982,10(2):135-140
The effects of isolation and handling on the reactivity of rats to two tactile stimuli were assessed in two experiments. In the first experiment, reactivity to more intense footshock was increased in rats raised in isolation but was not affected by handling by an experimenter. In the second experiment, increased reactivity to airpuff stimuli presented to the dorsal surface of isolation-reared rats was reduced by handling. The data suggest that the effects of handling on shock-motivated behaviors are not due to altered reactivity to shock and that the effect of housing or handling must be considered in behavioral tests in which reactivity to tactile stimulation might play a role as dependent or independent variables. 相似文献
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