Knowledge space oddity: How to increase the intensity and relevance of the technological progress of European regions     

Roberta Apa  Ivan De Noni  Luigi Orsi  Silvia Rita Sedita 《Research Policy》2018,47(9):1700-1712

This work contributes to previous research on the relationship between specific features of a regional knowledge space and the technological progress of the region. In particular, the main element of originality of this work is to have singled out the determinants of the technological progress intensity and relevance. We acknowledge the importance of knowledge assets for new knowledge production, and we identify path-dependent processes that allow a region to become increasingly competitive in terms of innovation potential. In particular, adopting an evolutionary view of regional development, we describe the regional knowledge space through four crucial characteristics: 1) technological knowledge base, 2) technological cumulativeness, 3) technological diversification, and 4) technological relatedness. We then measure to what extent each of the knowledge space’s characteristics differently affects the technological progress intensity and relevance of the region. A longitudinal study of 269 European regions over the period 1996–2012 was organized using data from REGPAT and Eurostat databases. Results show that technological relatedness affects positively both the intensity and relevance of the technological progress of European regions and that the other components of the knowledge space show a different impact on the two features of the technological progress. Finally, implications for EU policies supporting and stimulating regional technological progress are discussed.  相似文献   

An intercultural test of the generality of interpretations of nonverbal cues     

Maria Rita Rudden 《Int J Intercult Relat》1978,2(4):410-425

This study examines Mehrabian's claim concerning the cross-cultural generality of implicit metaphors that underlie a set of coding rules for the interpretation of nonverbal behaviors. Responses of Japanese and American school teachers were used to discover whether observers from two different cultures interpret nonverbal behaviors during interpersonal communication according to the three-dimensional metaphorical scheme proposed by Mehrabian and to assess the degree of intercultural consensus about dimensions and interpretations. Factor analysis, factor structure comparisons, and multiple discriminant analysis yielded evidence of significant differences between groups both in the dimensions used and in the interpretations of nonverbal cues along those dimensions.  相似文献   

Grade and speed have greater influence on HR and RPE than ability,sex, and age in alpine skiing     

John Seifert  Thomas Stöggl  Peter Scheiber  Eva Heizinger  Erich Müller 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(5):419-425

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of ski slope grade, skiing speed, skiing ability, sex, and age on HR, RPE, and energy expenditure responses during recreational alpine skiing. Thirty-eight participants were divided by age, sex, and skiing ability. Instructor- and self-paced skiing conditions were conducted on 10° and 19.8° slopes. Skiing HR was recorded, RPE collected at the end of each run, and energy expenditure calculated. The pertinent results of this study demonstrate that the interactions of grade × speed, speed × age, and grade × age and the main effects of speed and grade significantly influenced %HRmax, mean HR, RPE, and energy expenditure during skiing. When %HRmax is taken into account, the older skiers skied at a greater relative intensity than the young skiers. The sex, age, and skiing ability main effects did not have a significant influence on mean HR, RPE, and energy expenditure. These data demonstrates that increased speed and grade results in increased physiological stress. Using mean, HR data may not be the best option for assessing physiological stress during exercise in the older athlete as it does not account for the influence of the ageing process.  相似文献   

Focusing of visual attention at rest and during physical exercise in soccer players     

Pesce C  Tessitore A  Casella R  Pirritano M  Capranica L 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(11):1259-1270

In this study, we investigated the focus of visual attention in expert soccer players together with the effects of acute bouts of physical exercise on performance. In two discriminative reaction time experiments, which were performed both at rest and under submaximal physical workload, visual attention was cued by means of spatial cues of different size followed by compound stimuli with local and global target features. Soccer players were slower than non-athletes in reacting to local compared with global targets, but were faster in switching from local to global attending. Thus, soccer players appear to be less skilled in local attending, but better able than non-athletes to rapidly "zoom out" the focus of attention. Non-athletes generally showed faster performance under physical load, as expected according to the hypothesis of exercise-induced increases in arousal and/or activation and in resource allocation. In contrast, soccer players showed a more differentiated pattern of exercise-induced facilitation that selectively affects specific components of the attentional performance and is interpreted by referring to the role played by individual expertise and cognitive effort.  相似文献   

Preservation of visual attention in older expert orienteers at rest and under physical effort   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pesce C  Cereatti L  Casella R  Baldari C  Capranica L 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2007,29(1):78-99

This study investigated the visual attention of older expert orienteers and older adults not practicing activities with high attentional and psychomotor demands, and considered whether prolonged practice of orienteering may counteract the age-related deterioration of visual attentional performance both at rest and under acute exercise. In two discriminative reaction time experiments, performed both at rest and under submaximal physical workload, visual attention was cued by means of spatial cues of different sizes followed, at different stimulus-onset asynchronies, by compound stimuli with local and global target features. Orienteers, as compared to nonathletes, showed a faster reaction speed and a complex pattern of attentional differences depending on the time constraints of the attentional task, the demands on endogenous attentional control, and the presence or absence of a concomitant effortful motor task. Results suggest that older expert orienteers have developed attentional skills that outweigh, at least at rest, the age-related deficits of visual attentional focusing.  相似文献   

Correction to: Teaching and learning in a multilingual Europe: findings from a cross-European study     

Dockrell  J. E.  Papadopoulos  T. C.  Mifsud  C. L.  Bourke  L.  Vilageliu  O.  Bešić  E.  Seifert  S.  Gasteiger-Klicpera  B.  Ralli  A.  Dimakos  I.  Karpava  S.  Martins  M.  Sousa  O.  Castro  S.  Knudsen  H. B. Søndergaard  Donau  P.  Haznedar  B.  Mikulajová  M.  Gerdzhikova  N. 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2022,37(2):321-323

European Journal of Psychology of Education - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-021-00539-z  相似文献