Developmental Changes in Achievement Evaluation: Motivational Implications of Self-Other Differences   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Diane N. Ruble  Ronda Eisenberg  E. Tory Higgins 《Child development》1994,65(4):1095-1110

In order to explore the development of self-evaluative biases, children at 3 age levels (5–6, 7–8, 9–10) evaluated themselves or another child when given social or temporal comparison feedback. Evaluative biases were indicated by higher evaluations for the self than another, especially after failure. Children at different ages were not differentially responsive to temporal vs. social comparison information. However, evaluative bias in response to the type of evaluation differed by age; there was greater bias for general ability evaluations by older children and greater bias for specific performance evaluations by younger children. Alternative explanations for these self-other differences were minimized, as differences in visual orientation were held constant and differences in knowledge of effort were controlled statistically. Other aspects of the design as well as sex differences support a motivational interpretation of these biases. How these biases are manifested is related to children's level of understanding and concerns at different ages.  相似文献   

Asian Perspectives on European Higher Education     

PORNCHAI MONGKHONVANIT  SILVIO LA´SZLO´ EMERY 《Higher Education in Europe》2003,28(1):51-56

Asia and Europe have long influenced each other by means of international trade, technology transfer, and foreign policy. Today, Asian countries are searching for more competitive answers in an increasingly competitive world. Educational mobility among countries, especially between Asia and Europe, is the key to unlocking the answer. To achieve the desired educational mobility requires bilingualism (English as the common medium for learning and instruction) and quality education with internationally recognized diplomas and degrees in higher education. A future Asian/European Credit Transfer System is imminent and possible with the implementation of ERASMUS ECTS (European Credit Transfer System) and UCTS (UMAP Credit Transfer System) frameworks. The path to success hinges on the application of knowledge management and risk management to this international challenge for improved educational management. By this means, the prospects for greater understanding and greater economic potential and prosperity can be achieved for both Asian and European nations.  相似文献   

基于IEEE1394的DV音视频系统的软件设计与实现     

郝迎英  叶明芬  腊国庆 《郧阳师范高等专科学校学报》2009,29(6):80-82

分析基于IEEE1394的系统架构,实现数据在1394系统的核心模块IEEE1394、RAW1394、LIB—RAW1394中的传输,研究数字视频的解压缩方法,使数字音视频流能够在IEEE1394总线上传输．  相似文献   

和谐社会语境下对陶渊明田园诗的解读   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

拉毛 《青海师专学报》2009,29(6):27-29

和谐思想是中华民族的主旋律。自古以来,中华民族就崇尚人与自然、人与社会、人与人以及人自身的全方位和谐。浏览中国文化史的发展历程,古代诗人陶渊明所赋田园诗具有自然、朴素和纯真的艺术魅力对当代和谐社会的构建具有重要的借鉴意义。本文从陶渊明田园诗朴素恬淡的艺术风格、陶渊明田园诗的内容、陶渊明田园诗的自然观精神三方面对陶渊明田园诗进行了解读。  相似文献   

Self‐Socialization of Gender in African American,Dominican Immigrant,and Mexican Immigrant Toddlers     

Kristina M. Zosuls  Diane N. Ruble  Catherine S. Tamis‐LeMonda 《Child development》2014,85(6):2202-2217

This article advances a self‐socialization perspective demonstrating that children's understanding of both gender categories represents an intergroup cognition that is foundational to the development of gender‐stereotyped play. Children's (N = 212) gender category knowledge was assessed at 24 months and play was observed at 24 and 36 months. Higher levels of gender category knowledge and, more specifically, passing multiple measures of knowledge of both gender categories at 24 months was related to increases in play over time with gender‐stereotyped toys (doll, truck), but not gender‐stereotyped forms of play (nurturing, motion). In contrast to the long‐standing focus on self‐labeling, findings indicate the importance of intergroup cognitions in self‐socialization processes and demonstrate the generalizability of these processes to a diverse sample.  相似文献   

Rigidity in Gender‐Typed Behaviors in Early Childhood: A Longitudinal Study of Ethnic Minority Children     

May Ling Halim  Diane Ruble  Catherine Tamis‐LeMonda  Patrick E. Shrout 《Child development》2013,84(4):1269-1284

A key prediction of cognitive theories of gender development concerns developmental trajectories in the relative strength or rigidity of gender typing. To examine these trajectories in early childhood, 229 children (African American, Mexican American, and Dominican American) were followed annually from age 3 to 5 years, and gender‐stereotypical appearance, dress‐up play, toy play, and sex segregation were examined. High gender‐typing was found across ethnic groups, and most behaviors increased in rigidity, especially from age 3 to 4 years. In addressing controversy surrounding the stability and structure of gender‐typing it was found that from year to year, most behaviors showed moderately stable individual differences. Behaviors were uncorrelated within age but showed more concordance in change across time, suggesting that aspects of gender‐typing are multidimensional, but still show coherence.  相似文献   

English Proficiency,Identity, Anxiety,and Intergroup Attitudes: US Americans’ Perceptions of Chinese     

Makiko Imamura  Racheal A. Ruble  Yan Bing Zhang 《Journal of Intercultural Communication Research》2016,45(6):526-539

Guided by the Common Ingroup Identity Model and Berry’s acculturation framework, this study examined the roles that perceptions of language proficiency, cultural identity, and communication anxiety had on intergroup attitudes and stereotypes in the American–Chinese contact context. Serial mediation analyses with 10,000 bootstrap samples revealed that perceived English proficiency of a Chinese contact had significant indirect effects on affective and behavioral attitudes toward Chinese through American participants’ perceptions of their contact’s host and home culture identification and communication anxiety. Perceived English proficiency had an indirect effect only on positive stereotypes through the Chinese contact’s perceived identification with home culture.  相似文献   

论京剧声腔源于陕西     

朿文寿 《安康学院学报》2005,17(1):1-3,7

关于京剧声腔的起源,过去一般认为是二黄调和西皮调在北京合体而成,本文认为这个观点缺乏事实依据,京剧声腔的产地不是安徽或湖北,而是陕西,陕西历史上存在前后两个秦腔,前秦腔即陕西二黄(又称汉调二黄,今称陕西汉剧)早在乾隆55年四大徽班进京之前已广泛流传于北京和东南各地,四大徽班中的三庆班,春台班进京所唱的腔调主要是前秦腔;细考京剧与陕西二黄的声腔,二者确实同类.京剧的声腔是从陕西二黄的母体中孕育出来的.  相似文献   

Online protocol annotation: a method to enhance undergraduate laboratory research skills          下载免费PDF全文

Ruble JE  Lom B 《CBE life sciences education》2008,7(3):296-301

A well-constructed, step-by-step protocol is a critical starting point for teaching undergraduates new techniques, an important record of a lab's standard procedures, and a useful mechanism for sharing techniques between labs. Many research labs use websites to archive and share their protocols for these purposes. Here we describe our experiences developing and using a protocol website for the additional purpose of enhancing undergraduate research training. We created our lab's protocol website in a message board format that allows undergraduates to post comments on protocols describing the lessons they learned, questions that arose, and/or insights they gained while learning to execute specific research protocols. Encouraging and expecting students to comment on the protocols they are learning to execute is beneficial for both the student and for the lab in which they are training. For the student, annotations encourage active reflection on their execution of techniques and emphasize the important message that attending to and understanding details of a protocol is a critical factor in producing reliable data. For the lab, annotations capture valuable insights for future generations of researchers by describing missing details, hints, and common hurdles for newcomers.  相似文献   

沉睡的天使     

LA 《当代体育》2011,(2):58-61

曾经的＂96黄金一代＂正在慢慢从舞台的中央移向大幕之侧,即使曾经无所不能的科比,本赛季也明显露出了疲态。小奥从来都不是这一代中的顶尖球员,现在伤病又无情地袭扰着他,不轰轰烈烈却绵绵长长。但小奥尼尔这位沉睡的天使,终有一天会回复青春。  相似文献