Engineering design projects as a reflection promoter     

Nissim Sabag  Elena Trotskovsky  Shlomo Waks 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2014,39(3):309-324

This article describes examples of reflection documented in a longitudinal research comprising two studies: a three-year three-stage study on technology project-based learning (TPBL) and a three-year two-stage study on engineering thinking (ET). Both studies used qualitative tools such as interviews, active observations, and document analysis. Reflections expressed by 10th grade pupils from eight high schools and 14 post-secondary school students who participated in the TPBL study as well as the reflection findings of experts and undergraduates from the ET study were used. The data analysis indicates that reflection is not generated on its own; it must be fostered. Reflection takes one of three forms: as a reaction to an irregularity or error made when working on the system design; conducted in groups that is inherent to the design process in industry; and from intuition that something may not be quite right, even though preliminary results seem to be correct.  相似文献   

Constructive Criticisms of Methodological and Editorial Practices   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Thomas R. Knapp  Shlomo S. Sawilowsky 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(1):65-79

Thompson (1999a and elsewhere) has taken strong positions on a variety of methodological issues. In this article, the authors critique some of those positions and provide alternative views for each.  相似文献   

Creative Thinking of Practical Engineering Students During a Design Project     

Shlomo Waks  Moti Merdler 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2013,31(1):101-121

Creativity in engineering design had become an economic necessity and not merely the privilege of unique individuals. The search for new, innovative and effective ideas in engineering design stands in center of daily creative performance. This search requires sensitivity to gaps of knowledge and information, and the ability to evoke numerous, different and unique ideas about engineering problems. The source of such information or knowledge can be either extrinsic-such as provided by an instructor or expert or intrinsic, which might involve transformation from one field or context to another. Furthermore, interaction with an exterior source as well as developing an inherent drive, have an impact on the motivation to perform creatively. This article, which is based on a study conducted among Israeli practical engineering students, deals with the variations in creative thinking during various stages of a design project and the relation between creative thinking and motivation factors.  相似文献   

Understanding Scientific Methodology in the Historical and Experimental Sciences via Language Analysis     

Jeff Dodick  Shlomo Argamon  Paul Chase 《Science & Education》2009,18(8):985-1004

A key focus of current science education reforms involves developing inquiry-based learning materials. However, without an understanding of how working scientists actually do science, such learning materials cannot be properly developed. Until now, research on scientific reasoning has focused on cognitive studies of individual scientific fields. However, the question remains as to whether scientists in different fields fundamentally rely on different methodologies. Although many philosophers and historians of science do indeed assert that there is no single monolithic scientific method, this has never been tested empirically. We therefore approach this problem by analyzing patterns of language used by scientists in their published work. Our results demonstrate systematic variation in language use between types of science that are thought to differ in their characteristic methodologies. The features of language use that were found correspond closely to a proposed distinction between Experimental Sciences (e.g., chemistry) and Historical Sciences (e.g., paleontology); thus, different underlying rhetorical and conceptual mechanisms likely operate for scientific reasoning and communication in different contexts.

Jeff DodickEmail:

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Jeff Dodick   is an Assistant Professor of Science Education at the Science Teaching Centre of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He has a background in both Paleontology (M.Sc. from the University of Toronto) and Science Education (Ph.D. from the Weizmann Institute of Science). His current research focuses on how novice learners, as well as experts, solve problems and communicate findings in historical based sciences, including evolutionary biology, geology, and archeology. Shlomo Argamon   is an Associate Professor of Computer Science at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago. He has degrees in Applied Mathematics (B.Sc. from Carnegie Mellon University) and Computer Science (M.Phil. and Ph.D. from Yale University), and has been a Fulbright Fellow at Bar-Ilan University. His current research focuses on developing computational models of textual style and interpersonal aspects of human language use, particularly on scientific and literary texts and for forensic applications. Paul Chase   is a doctoral candidate at the Illinois Institute of Technology, and is currently working for the MITRE corporation. He has a B.Sc. in Computer Science from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His doctoral research focuses on developing automated methods for style-based text categorization and segmentation.  相似文献   

Measuring clearance mechanics based on dynamic leg length     

Sam Khamis  Barry Danino  Shlomo Hayek  Eli Carmeli 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2018,22(2):145-153

The aim of this study was to quantify clearance mechanics during gait. Seventeen children diagnosed with hemiplegic cerebral palsy underwent a three-dimensional gait analysis evaluation. Dynamic leg lengths were measured from the hip joint center to the heel, to the ankle joint center and to the forefoot throughout the gait cycle. Significant asymmetry was observed during stance, initial and terminal swing phases, where the hemiplegic limb was found shorter by using a paired t-test at 51 sample points (p < .05). The hemiplegic side was restricted in achieving maximal length during terminal swing. The ratio between the maximal dynamic leg length during the stance phase to minimal dynamic leg length during the swing phase was found higher on the non-involved side and lower on the hemiplegic side (p < .05). Quantifying clearance mechanics based on dynamic leg length can provide an additional insight into the analysis of gait patterns and might assist in detecting time of abnormal kinematic deviations.  相似文献   

The naive platonic approach as a teaching strategy in arithmetics     

Shlomo Vinner 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1975,6(3):339-350

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Students’ reaction to classroom discipline in Australia,Israel, and China     

Ramon Lewis  Shlomo Romi  Yaacov J. Katz  Xing Qui 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2008

This study investigates the extent to which students from Australia, Israel, and China report that their teachers’ classroom disciplinary behaviour affects their attitudes towards schoolwork and the teacher. They also report how justifiable a teacher's intervention appeared. In all three settings, both punishment and aggression relate significantly to the level of students’ distraction and negative affect towards the teacher. Teachers’ recognition of responsible behaviour and discussion with students relate to less distraction and greater belief that the intervention was necessary. Hinting and the involvement of students in classroom discipline decision making relate to a stronger belief that the disciplinary actions taken are warranted. Implications are discussed.  相似文献   

Informal Counselling Services in Israel: A Challenge for the School Counsellor     

Shlomo Romi 《Pastoral Care in Education》2001,19(3):14-22

This article focuses on the characteristics of informal counselling services (such as young people's counselling services or telephone counselling services) in Israel and gives examples of existing services. Manifest characteristics of the counselling services and psychological therapy in the public formal systems and informal systems, as well as a survey of updated literature on the subject of community voluntary psychological counselling services is presented. The informal counselling services are a challenge for school counsellors as supplementary to additional services given in school and offer the possibility of the integration of school counsellors into these programmes.  相似文献   

LABORATORY EXPERIMENTATION IN ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS     

Shlomo Wars 《European Journal of Engineering Education》1977,2(2):135-146

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Learning ability, socioeconomic status, and student placement for undergraduate studies in Israel     

Yechezkel Dar  Shlomo Getz 《Higher Education》2007,54(1):41-60

Choice of institution and field of study for a bachelor’s degree in Israel was found essentially meritocratic although influenced by socioeconomic status (SES) as well. As expected, students of higher ability attend universities and those of lower apply to academic colleges. However, among students of higher ability, those of higher SES opt for prestigious professions, such as medicine and law, or natural or social sciences, while those of lower SES choose economics and management, computer science, paramedical professions, and engineering. For students of lower learning ability, the differentiating effect of SES is smaller. Those of higher SES prefer university to college, even if they have to study in a less prestigious field, such as education or the humanities. On the other hand, students of lower ability and lower SES apply to colleges for studies such as education, social sciences, computer science, economics and management, and engineering. Overall, students who master financial resources and higher cultural capital prefer more ‘theoretical’ fields in a more extended course of study, while students of lower SES assume more ‘practical’ studies, which will enable them a faster entry to paying positions on the job market.  相似文献