Development of a formative peer observation protocol for STEM faculty reflection     

Heather Dillon  Carolyn James  Tara Prestholdt  Valerie Peterson  Stephanie Salomone  Eric Anctil 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2020,45(3):387-400

Abstract

Faculty peer observation has seen increasing uptake in recent years, in some cases as an alternative or supplement to student teaching evaluations. While many universities encourage faculty peer observation, it is not widely used in a formal way for formative assessment. This article outlines the development of a new faculty peer observation protocol designed for formative assessment of evidence-based educational practices. The goal of the protocol is to foster reflective teaching practices. The peer observation protocol has been designed to mitigate common faculty fears of classroom observation, with detailed assessment methods for specific topic areas. Preliminary testing of the protocol at one university indicated positive faculty outcomes with regard to personal reflection: all the faculty who tested the protocol reported that the observation process had been helpful for them to reflect on their teaching.  相似文献   

I'm Happy with My Mommy: Low-Income Preschoolers' Causal Attributions for Emotions     

Stephanie M. Curenton  Melvin N. Wilson 《Early education and development》2003,14(2):199-214

This study examined low-income African American and European American preschoolers' socioemotional causal attributions. Forty-seven Young (M = 48 months) and Old (M = 62 months) preschoolers were asked to justify a puppet's current emotion and to talk about their past emotional experiences. Responses were coded for Causal Theme and Clarity. Old preschoolers were twice as likely to attribute interpersonal themes, and Young preschoolers were 4 times more likely to generate causal themes that were uncodeable. In terms of clarity, children provided clearer responses for anger and fear than they did for happiness. Old preschoolers' explanations for emotions were clearer than young preschoolers' and young African Americans', who had the most difficulty explaining emotions. Results indicate that younger preschoolers, particularly young African Americans, may need help articulating emotions. Suggestions for how adults can scaffold preschoolers' emotional reasoning are discussed.  相似文献   

Optimal presentation of graphic organizers and text: A case for large bites?     

Daniel H. Robinson  Stephanie B. Corliss  Angela M. Bush  Stephan J. Bera  Tommy Tomberlin 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2003,51(4):25-41

In three experiments, we investigated the optimal presentation of graphic organizers (GOs) and text by having undergraduates read a chapter-length text in its entirety, a few pages at a time, or a few sentences at a time, before or after viewing seven GOs in their entirety (large bites), one at a time (small bites), or one cell at a time (animated). Large bites were better than small bites for learning concept relations and applying that knowledge, and for recalling macropropositions when the GOs were presented before text. Animated GOs offered no advantages over the large-bites GOs at first presentation and considerably extended total study time. Presenting several GOs first, followed by the entire text, appears to be optimal in directing students’ attention to across-chapter relations in text.  相似文献   

“I chose to become a teacher because”. Exploring the factors influencing teaching choice amongst pre-service teachers in Ireland     

Jennifer Hennessy  Raymond Lynch 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》2017,45(2):106-125

This study investigated the suitability of the FIT-Choice scale for use within an Irish Initial Teacher Education setting with a cohort of first year pre-service teachers (n = 143), from across five different subject disciplines. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to examine participants’ motivations for choosing teaching as a career, as well as their perceptions about teaching. The results were found to be consistent with the original FIT-Choice structure thus supporting the validity of the FIT-Choice scale within this Irish Initial Teacher Education context. Prior teaching and learning experiences, as well as perceived ability, were found to be the strongest influential factors in participants’ decision to become a teacher. These findings further highlight the prominence given to subject-based knowledge in Ireland. The relationships between participants’ motivations for becoming a teacher and their satisfaction with career choice were also examined. Choosing teaching as a fallback career was negatively related to satisfaction, whereas a desire to work with children was found to be a significant positive predictor.  相似文献   

Using peer assisted strategies to teach early writing: results of a pilot study to examine feasibility and promise     

Cynthia S. Puranik  Melissa M. Patchan  Christopher J. Lemons  Stephanie Al Otaiba 《Reading and writing》2017,30(1):25-50

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Influence of a shared leadership model in creating a school culture of inquiry and collegiality     

Claudia Khourey‐Bowers  Richard L. Dinko  Raymond G. Hart 《科学教学研究杂志》2005,42(1):3-24

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a Local Systemic Change (LSC) initiative (N = 216) at Year 2 in a 5‐year plan. Key questions were: What is the extent of school and teacher involvement?; What is the impact on teacher preparedness, attitudes, and beliefs?; and What is the extent of institutionalization? The model of professional development used shared leadership (Lead Teachers & Study Groups) along with workshops in inquiry, content, and assessment. All teachers averaged 81 hours of participation by the end of Year 2; LTs averaged 161 hours. Longitudinal and episodic data were collected using multiple instruments, including Horizon Research Teacher Survey (Baseline and Year 2), SG and Lead Teacher surveys (Year 1 and Year 2), Context Beliefs About Teaching Science and Classroom Observation Protocol (Year 2). Gains in teachers' practices, beliefs, and professional culture (collegiality and department chair support) were measured at significance levels of .05. The results indicate that sustained and intensive professional development influences individuals and school culture. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 42: 3–24, 2005  相似文献   

Insights from a social model of literacy and disability     

Stephanie Brewster 《Literacy》2004,38(1):46-51

This article considers the role of literacy in the lives of four people with physical disabilities. Interviews with them reveal that despite experiencing potential barriers to participating in literacy activities, literacy is nevertheless an important dimension to their identities. Limitations of the traditional models of disability and literacy are explored and alternative, social models are found to offer a more helpful framework, in which engagement with text is seen in the context of people's lives. It is suggested that interventionists still have some way to go before their practice will fully reflect these perspectives.  相似文献   

THE BRIGHTON LANGUAGE TEACHING PROJECT     

Brian Hill  Stephanie Rybak 《Learning, Media and Technology》1977,3(3):91-92

Research at the Language Teaching Research Unit of Brighton Polytechnic has focussed on two questions. The first is the use of CCTV as a catalyst for social interaction and the development of individual communication skills and the second has been the use and effectiveness of broadcast foreign language courses, both for adults and in schools. The first stage of the research of this second focus was a large‐scale national enquiry, backed up by tests, classroom observation and in‐depth interviews. This is now being followed up by two projects, one investigating a postulated need for a support strategy to consolidate the motivation of adult home‐learners, and the other exploring the role of the teacher's expectations and attitudes in his mediation of broadcast material in the school classroom  相似文献   

Estimating graduate admission standards in psychology     

C. Raymond Millimet  Mary E. Flume 《Research in higher education》1982,17(2):125-137

Because publicized minimum criteria for graduate school admission are rarely sufficient to gain entrance to the school of one's choice, a study was undertaken to estimate the actual or effective admission standards to graduate school. Booklets composed of 27 hypothetical graduate school applicants conforming to a 3 (GPA) × 3 (GRE) × 3 (trait adjectives) factorial design were evaluated by graduate program chairpersons from the marginal, low, middle, and high categories of the Roose and Andersen (1970), Cox and Catt (1977), and Endler et al. (1978) ranking systems of schools in psychology. Results showed that a linear model of judgment would account for the ratings of potential for success in graduate school and the decision to accept or reject the hypothetical applicants. GRE scores accounted for about twice as much variance (30%) as GPA (16%), which accounted for about twice as much variance (7%) as trait adjectives. The Roose and Andersen listing was shown to be the most acceptable ranking system when estimating effective graduate admission standards.  相似文献   

The protective effects of religiousness and parent involvement on the development of conduct problems among youth exposed to violence     

Pearce MJ  Jones SM  Schwab-Stone ME  Ruchkin V 《Child development》2003,74(6):1682-1696

This study examined the protective effects of religiousness and parent involvement for the development of conduct problems beyond the effects of risk factors. Measures of violence exposure, conduct problems, parent involvement, and religiousness, from the longitudinal Social and Health Assessment survey, were completed by 1,703 high-risk urban adolescents (12.5 +/- 1.7 years; 53% female). Witnessing of and victimization by community violence appeared to be significant risk factors for an increase in conduct problems over a 1-year period. Religiousness and parental involvement were each uniquely associated with a decrease in conduct problems. Moreover, several dimensions of religiousness moderated the relationship between violence exposure and conduct problems, buffering the negative effects of violence exposure. Implications of these findings for prevention efforts are discussed.  相似文献