Examining behavioral, relational, and cognitive engagement in smaller learning communities: A case study of reform in one suburban district     

Heather A. Davis  Mei-Lin Chang  Carey E. Andrzejewski  Ryan R. Poirier 《Journal of Educational Change》2010,11(4):345-401

The purpose of this project was to examine the impact of Smaller Learning Community reform on students’ behavioral, relational, and cognitive engagement in a suburban school district experiencing urbanization. We describe a project in which we evaluated the engagement of a cohort of 8th grade students as they transitioned to high school (n = 605). Specifically, we disaggregated the data to identify how students’ engagement differed as a function of their participation in Smaller Learning Community structures, prior achievement, and race.  相似文献   

Managing reading and related literacy difficulties: University students’ perspectives     

Tanya Serry  Jennifer Oates  Priscilla Ennals  Annie Venville  Anne Williams  Ellie Fossey 《Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties》2018,23(1):5-30

This study explored the experiences of university students who identified as always having had reading difficulties. Thirty-three participants, all from one Australian university, were surveyed and 10 were also interviewed. Findings revealed that many shared academic challenges related to studying, along with a belief that their difficulties were not well understood by staff or peers. While participants disclosed many similar personal struggles related to completing their studies, positive attributes such as determination and time management strategies were frequently mentioned as instrumental in allowing them to reach university. Experiences were more variable regarding awareness of, access to, and satisfaction with university-based support and academic adjustments. To facilitate optimal inclusive educational practices, this study supports the need for greater awareness among staff about challenges faced by these university students along with a more individualised and targeted approach to providing them with academic supports and accommodations.  相似文献   

Strategic Indicators of Mission Fulfillment at Assemblies of God Colleges: Reaching Consensus on Faith Integration and Spiritual Formation     

Charles Davis 《Christian Higher Education》2018,17(4):250-264

Strategic indicators provide timely information about the trends that reflect the current condition and trajectory of an institution in terms of its ability to pursue its mission. Although extensive research has produced a number of strategic indicators for colleges and universities, there is a dearth of research regarding strategic indicators relative to the mission of Christian higher education. In the present Delphi study, a panel of 26 academic leaders from five Assemblies of God colleges reached consensus on 28 strategic indicators relevant for use at their institutions after three rounds of questionnaires. Because the integration of faith and learning, as well as students’ spiritual formation, are distinctive to the mission of Christian higher education, there was a special emphasis on the development of these strategic indicators. The panel selected three indicators for the integration of faith and learning. According to feedback from the panel, many more indicators of integration could have been selected if panelists first agreed on a definition of the integration of faith and learning, as well as how it is to be applied across the disciplines. Two strategic indicators were selected by the panel for the spiritual formation of students, but according to panelists many more could be selected in future research if panelists shared a set of agreed-upon goals and measures of spiritual formation. These findings suggest that future research on the development of strategic indicators for institutions of Christian higher education should begin by clearly defining the concepts that are central to their mission, such as spiritual formation and integration of faith and learning, then identifying inputs, processes, and outcomes measures that are appropriate for those concepts.  相似文献   

The Effect of Whole-Body Vibration on Lower-Body Resistance Detraining in College-Age Women     

Keston G. Lindsay  David L. Nichols  Ronald W. Davis  David D. Marshall 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2018,89(1):57-65

Purpose: This study explored the effect of whole-body vibration (WBV) using accelerations of 2.56 g to 7.68 g on lower-body detraining. Methods: All participants (N = 20) were trained using a lower-body resistance-training program for 30 min twice per week from Week 0 to Week 6. At the end of the program, they were randomly assigned to a control group that performed no further training or a WBV group that performed a progressive static WBV program. Data for the 5-repetition-maximum (5RM) squat and extensors and flexors of the knee and ankle were collected at Weeks 0, 6, 8, 10, and 12 for all participants. Results: Two-way (condition vs. time) analysis of variance revealed that although the WBV group maintained strength in the 5RM from Week 6 through Week 8 and the control group had a lower 5RM in Week 8 from Week 6, no differences in the 5RM squat existed between the groups at Week 8. Two-way factorial multivariate analysis of variance revealed no differences between the groups at any of the time for torque of knee flexion, dorsiflexion, or plantar flexion. Conclusion: Static WBV of 2.56 g to 7.68 g did not attenuate detraining of the flexors and extensors of the knee and ankle.  相似文献   

Mormon Missionaries and the Emergence of Modern Argentine Sport, 1938–1943     

Ryan A. Davis 《国际体育史杂志》2018,35(1):61-86

Abstract

In 1938, Mormon missionaries from North America, under the leadership of Frederick Salem Williams, formed an athletic club, Club Atlético Los Mormones (‘The Mormons Athletic Club’, CALM), in Buenos Aires, Argentina. CALM would sponsor professional teams in baseball, softball, and basketball, all bearing the name Los Mormones (‘The Mormons’). Los Mormones won three league championships in the four years they played baseball and four championships in the five years they played softball. Two of their basketball players would become national all-stars, one of whom would represent Argentina at the South American Championship in 1940. Williams served as president of the softball league and vice president of the baseball league. Los Mormones’ story is outlined and situated in relation to the various discourses that, woven together, constitute the cultural context of modern Argentine sport: physical culture and modernity, United States-Argentine relations, amateurism versus professionalism, and the spread of North American sports to Latin America.  相似文献   

Basic Irony: Examining the Foundations of School Mathematics With Preservice Teachers     

Brent Davis 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》1999,2(1):25-48

This article reports on an inquiry into what tends to be taken for granted with regard to the teaching and learning of mathematics. The inquiry, undertaken in the context of a course on methods for mathematics teaching, was developed around an examination of the mathematical notions that infuse conventional theories of cognition and that permeate the structures and practices of school mathematics. In particular, concepts drawn from or aligned with Euclidean geometry were examined. Specifically, alternatives drawn from fractal geometry were explored. The importance of interrogating the often-transparent figurative underpinnings of our thinking about thinking is highlighted.  相似文献   

Addressing violence against teachers: A social-ecological analysis of teachers' perspectives     

Susan D. McMahon  Eric Peist  Jacqueline O. Davis  Elizabeth McConnell  Samantha Reaves  Linda A. Reddy  Eric M. Anderman  Dorothy L. Espelage 《Psychology in the schools》2020,57(7):1040-1056

Much research has been dedicated to supporting school communities in combating the problem of school violence. However, violence directed toward teachers is under-investigated, and knowledge of how to support teachers is limited. This qualitative study used conventional content analysis to assess teachers' recommendations for preventing and improving the response to teacher-directed violence. The sample included 245 prekindergarten through 12th grade teachers, all of whom experienced school violence and participated in a larger national survey study on violence against teachers. Using a social-ecological framework and conventional content analysis, teacher recommendations for addressing teacher victimization were identified and organized at the individual, school, community, and society levels. Themes around conflict resolution strategies; improving policies, resources, and relationships with administrators; increasing parental involvement; and changing culture and laws were highlighted. Implications for research, practice, and policy are discussed.  相似文献   

A computer adaptive measure of reading motivation     

Marcia H. Davis  Wenhao Wang  Neal M. Kingston  Michael Hock  Stephen M. Tonks  Gail Tiemann 《Journal of Research in Reading》2020,43(4):434-453

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Task switching in overweight children: effects of acute exercise and age     

Tomporowski PD  Davis CL  Lambourne K  Gregoski M  Tkacz J 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2008,30(5):497-511

The short-term after effects of a bout of moderate aerobic exercise were hypothesized to facilitate children's executive functioning as measured by a visual task-switching test. Sixty-nine children (mean age=9.2 years) who were overweight and inactive performed a category-decision task before and immediately following a 23-min bout of treadmill walking and, on another session, before and following a nonexercise period. The acute bout of physical activity did not influence the children's global switch cost scores or error rates. Age-related differences in global switch cost scores, but not error scores, were obtained. These results, in concert with several studies conducted with adults, fail to confirm that single bouts of moderately intense physical activity influence mental processes involved in task switching.  相似文献   

Acute effects of walking on inflammatory and cardiovascular risk in sedentary post-menopausal women     

Davis J  Murphy M  Trinick T  Duly E  Nevill A  Davison G 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(3):303-309

Biochemical markers of inflammation are emerging as new predictors of risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and may alter acutely with exercise. Few studies have been conducted on the effects of walking on these markers or whether different walking intensities elicit varied effects. As there is growing interest in modifiable lifestyle factors such as walking to reduce CVD risk, these inflammatory responses warrant investigation. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of walking at 50% versus 70% of predicted maximal heart rate on C-reactive protein (CRP), plasma fibrinogen, and triglycerides in sedentary post-menopausal women. Twelve post-menopausal women (mean age 58 years, s +/-6; stature 1.62 m, s+/-0.06; body mass 66.8 kg, s +/-6.2) completed two 30-min treadmill walks in a randomized cross-over design. Fasted blood samples were taken (for the determination of plasma fibrinogen, CRP, and lipids) before, immediately after, and 1 and 24 h after exercise. Triglyceride concentrations decreased from pre-exercise to 24 h post exercise at both walking intensities (time x group interaction, P < 0.05). No significant effects were observed for plasma fibrinogen, CRP, total cholesterol, low-density or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (time x group interaction, P > 0.05). The results of this study suggest that fasting plasma triglycerides are decreased on the morning after 30 min of brisk walking at either 50% or 70% of maximal heart rate (moderate and vigorous intensity).  相似文献