(un)Doing standards in education with actor‐network theory     

Tara J. Fenwick 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(2):117-133

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Reading comprehension instruction in Irish primary classrooms: key insights into teachers' perspectives on classroom practices     

Tara Concannon-Gibney  Brian Murphy 《Irish Educational Studies》2013,32(4):433-449

Despite a wealth of international research indicating the importance but also the dearth of explicit reading comprehension instruction in classrooms, current classroom reading pedagogy does not appear to have acknowledged and addressed this shortcoming to any significant degree. This is cause for some considerable concern, as today's students require effective, metacognitive reading comprehension strategies in order to succeed in a vastly expanding multi-literate textual environment. This paper will discuss a recent study, involving a survey (n=278) and interviews (n=12), which examined current beliefs and understandings regarding reading, as well as reading pedagogy and practice among teachers at primary level in Ireland. The findings revealed that current reading pedagogy, as indicated by the surveyed teachers, relies heavily on decoding instruction and an affective approach to reading while explicit comprehension instruction practice remains secondary and more the exception rather than the rule. The paper will attempt to examine possible reasons as to why current reading pedagogy remains ‘un-balanced’ in this manner while also exploring possible avenues for improvement.  相似文献   

The Impact of Internet Technologies on Primary and Secondary Romantic Relationship Development     

Perry M. Pauley  Tara M. Emmers-Sommer 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):411-427

This study examined the impact that changes in Internet-based technologies have on romantic relationships developed exclusively online. Thirty-six participants completed the 44-item Online Relationships Questionnaire. Participants were then divided into three categories based on self-reported media preference: asynchronous text, synchronous text, and rich media. No significant differences existed on measures of relational confidence or intimacy based solely on media selection. Participants utilizing the Internet to maintain a secondary romantic relationship reported higher levels of relational certainty and greater expectations of future interaction with their online partner than participants involved exclusively in online relationships (i.e., the online relationship was the participant's only romantic relationship).  相似文献   

“If I knew then what I know now”: Seropositive individuals' perceptions of partner trust,safety and risk prior to HIV infection     

Tara L. Crowell  Tara M. Emmers‐Sommer 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):302-323

The purpose of this study was to examine personal and relational characteristics of HIV positive individuals. Forty HIV positive heterosexuals, who were infected through heterosexual sex, completed an on‐line questionnaire designed to assess perceived risk of HIV, perceived partner safety and trust, and reasons for these perceptions prior to HIV infection. Results indicated that prior to infection, HIV positive heterosexuals reported having similar sexual attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to those not infected with the virus. Participants reported moderate to high levels of trust for their partners, low levels of perceived risk of infection, and high levels of perceived partner safety. A moderately strong, negative, linear relationship existed between perceived partner safety and partner trust and perceived risk. In addition, women perceived their partners as “safer”; than did men and those in serious relationships perceived their partners as safer than those in casual relationships. Results from this study shed light on the personal and relational characteristics of heterosexuals living with HIV and the utility of social comparison theory in raising awareness about HIV positive and negative individuals.  相似文献   

Understanding benefits realisation of iREACH from a capability approach perspective     

Helena?GrunfeldEmail author  Sokleap?Hak  Tara?Pin 《Ethics and Information Technology》2011,13(2):151-172

The research presented in this paper is the first wave of a longitudinal study of a Cambodian information and communication for development (ICT4D) project, iREACH, aimed at testing a framework for evaluating whether and how such initiatives can contribute to capabilities, empowerment and sustainability. The framework is informed by Amartya Sen’s capability approach (CA), uses a participatory methodology, considers the micro-, meso-, and macro- levels in understanding the role ICT can play in the development process, and adopts a forward-looking longitudinal perspective. Key findings of this research are that the project had contributed to livelihoods and other aspects of well-being in diverse ways, primarily in education, health, and farming. Participants also valued the project because of its contribution to empowerment, particularly gender empowerment. Another way in which participants valued iREACH was of a more intrinsic nature, manifested in a general appreciation of just being part of the world and knowing about events in other parts of Cambodia and beyond. These findings are consistent with the CA’s emphasis on development being about more than economic growth and support the importance of considering external factors, conceptualised here as the meso- and macro- levels, in the conversion of commodities in the form of services provided at iREACH, to capabilities.  相似文献   

First grade teachers’ knowledge of phonological awareness and code concepts: Examining gains from an intensive form of professional development and corresponding teacher attitudes     

Susan Brady  Margie Gillis  Tara Smith  MaryEllen Lavalette  Linda Liss-Bronstein  Evelyn Lowe  Wendy North  Evelyn Russo  T. Diane Wilder 《Reading and writing》2009,22(4):425-455

The study examined the efficacy of an intensive form of professional development (PD) for building the knowledge of first-grade teachers in the areas of phonological awareness and phonics. The PD featured frequent in-class support from highly knowledgeable mentors for one school year, in addition to an introductory two-day summer institute and monthly workshops. Pre- and post-assessment of participants on a Teacher Knowledge Survey (TKS) indicated weak knowledge of phonological awareness and phonics concepts prior to PD and large, significant gains in each area by year-end. In addition, to investigate factors potentially associated with teachers’ responses to training, a Teacher Attitude Survey (TAS) was administered before and after the PD. The TAS measured teachers’ attitudes regarding PD, external and internal motivation to participate, intentions to actively engage in learning and implementing new instructional methods, sense of self-efficacy as reading instructors, and premises about reading instruction (e.g., about whole language). Attitudes on a subset of these factors, teachers’ initial knowledge scores on the TKS, and years of teaching experience (estimated by age) accounted for significant portions of the variance in performance on the TKS after training.

Susan BradyEmail:

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Supporting girls’ and boys’ engagement in math and science learning: A mixed methods study          下载免费PDF全文

Jennifer A. Fredricks  Tara Hofkens  Ming‐Te Wang  Elizabeth Mortenson  Paul Scott 《科学教学研究杂志》2018,55(2):271-298

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Neuroscience in the HBSE Sequence: Mandate and Methodology     

Terri Combs-Orme  Tess Lefmann  Stefanie Pilkay  Joe Strong  Phyllis Thompson  Tara Veerman 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2017,37(5):477-492

Important findings from neuroscience research provide valuable knowledge for social work practice, and although these findings are already being incorporated into practice in many other disciplines, social work has been slow to integrate this content into foundation professional education. This article describes how one social work program incorporated this knowledge into Human Behavior in the Social Environment courses, noting both challenges and successes over 8 years. The authors include information on content, pedagogical methods, and useful resources.  相似文献   

Emotional maltreatment in Canada: prevalence, reporting and child welfare responses (CIS2)     

Chamberland C  Fallon B  Black T  Trocmé N 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(10):841-854

Objectives

To determine the prevalence and characteristics of reports of emotional maltreatment (EMT) in Canada, as well as changes in these reports between 1998 and 2003.

Methods

This study is based on a secondary analysis of data collected in the first and second Canadian Incidence Study. Emotional maltreatment (excluding exposure to intimate partner violence) investigations were categorized into six groups: emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and other maltreatment as the only investigated form of maltreatment, and these same three groups were examined when they co-occurred with another form of maltreatment.

Results

Both the rate of emotional-abuse-only investigations and emotional-neglect-only investigations increased almost threefold from 1998 to 2003. Substantiated emotional neglect investigations had the highest rate of transfer to ongoing services. Half of the investigations involving single forms of emotional maltreatment occurred for six months or more. Finally, emotional neglect cases (in single form and when it co-occurs with another form of maltreatment) were more likely to be associated with emotional harm and longer duration of maltreatment.

Conclusions

In 2003, EMT represented a significant increasing form of maltreatment and is detected nearly twice as often in situations in which abuse or neglect are also reported. Reports of emotional abuse are two and a half times more frequent than reports of emotional neglect. Nevertheless, lack of emotional engagement may also be difficult to identify, since an omission is more difficult to detect. Reports of EMT often reveal situations of chronic victimization that have been the subject of previous reports and are associated with greater emotional impact.  相似文献   

Students build mathematical theory: semantic warrants in argumentation     

Janet G. Walter  Tara Barros 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2011,78(3):323-342

In this paper, we explore the development of two grounded theories. One theory is mathematical and grounded in the work of university calculus students’ collaborative development of mathematical methods for finding the volume of a solid of revolution, in response to mathematical necessity in problem solving, without prior instruction on solution methods. The second theory emerges from microlinguistic analysis of students’ mathematical choices and use of warrants in substantial argumentation to communicate, clarify, and convince others of the validity of their conjectures and mathematical work. Our goal was to illuminate mathematical argumentation by collaborative groups of calculus students at a qualitative level of detail sufficient to reveal one view of how these students satisfied the creative drive for mathematical meaning, communication, and accuracy in problem solving as evidenced in one classroom over several days.  相似文献