Corporate support of higher education: Trends in Canada and the United States     

Thomas E. Muller  Vera A. Sepehri 《Research in higher education》1988,28(2):160-179

United States and Canadian trends in corporate philanthropy and support of higher education are presented for the past 11 to 15 years. Comparative analyses reveal different corporate priorities and giving agendas which signal the need for unique approaches to university and college fund raising in each country. Though the percentage of U.S. corporate contributions allocated to higher education has not changed in 11 years, Canada's institutions of higher education appear to be competing directly with beneficiaries in culture and the arts, in terms of annual corporate giving priorities. Regarding allocations for various purposes within higher education, U.S. firms tend to have sponsorship agendas that follow established priorities and are programmatic in nature, unlike Canadian companies whose support for these purposes has varied considerably. This gives university and college fund raisers in Canada an opportunity to establish and nurture long-term programs of corporate support for capital projects, research, and student financial aid.  相似文献   

Catholic populism and education in Brazil     

Vanilda Paiva 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1995,41(3-4):151-175

Education in Brazil has been profoundly affected by populism, a movement which extols the virtue of the oppressed classes and opposes the traditional teacherstudent relationship. This movement has antecedents in nineteenth-century Russian writers such as Herzen and Bakunin. The author shows how populist ideas, often merging with Marxism, were adopted by many Brazilian Catholics from the 1950s onwards, under the influence of Vieira Pinto, Paulo Freire and others. In the realm of education this often led to an extreme form of anti-authoritarianism. While not denying certain positive aspects of this movement, the author argues that its position is fundamentally self-contradictory.

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Zusammenfassung In Brasilien wurde die Bildung tiefgreifend vom Populismus beeinflußt, einer Bewegung die die Tugenden der unterdrückten Schichten herausstellt und die traditionelle Lehrer-Schüler Beziehung verurteilt. Diese Bewegung geht auf die russischen Schriftsteller des 19. Jahrhunderts wie Herzen und Bakunin zurück. Der Autor zeigt auf, daß viele brasilianische Katholiken seit Beginn der 50er Jahre unter Einfluß von Schriftstellern wie Vieira Pinto und Paulo Freire populistische Ideen im Einklang mit Marxismus aufgriffen. Im Bildungsbereich führt dies oft zu einer Extremform des Anti-Autoritarismus. Der Autor argumentiert, daß die Bewegung trotz gewisser positiver Aspekte fundamentale Widersprüche in sich birgt.

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Résumé L'éducation au Brésil a été affectée en profondeur par le populisme, un mouvement qui exalte les valeurs des classes opprimées et s'oppose à la relation traditionnelle entre l'enseignant et l'apprenant. Ce mouvement puise sa source dans les thèses d'écrivains russes du XIXe siècle tels que Herzen et Bakunin. L'auteur décrit la façon dont les idées populistes, se mêlant fréquemment au marxisme, ont été reprises par de nombreux catholiques brésiliens à partir des années 50, sous l'influence de Vieira Pinto, Paulo Freire et autres. Dans le domaine de l'éducation, ce fait s'est souvent traduit par un anti-autoritarisme extrême. Sans pour autant en nier certains aspects positifs, l'auteur démontre que ce mouvement se contredit lui-même dans les positions qu'il défend.

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Sumario La educación en Brasil ha sido profundamente afectada por el populismo, un movimiento que ensalza las virtudes de las clases oprimidas y rechaza la relación maestro-alumno tradicional. Sus antecedentes se remontan a escritores rusos del siglo XIX, entre ellos Herzen y Bakunin. La autora muestra cómo las ideas populistas, que se funden a veces con las del marxismo, fueron tomadas desde los años 50 por los católicos brasileños, a su vez influenciados por pensadores como Vieira Pinto y Paulo Freire. En el campo de la educación, esto ha conducido, a menudo, a formas exageradas del antiautoritarismo. Sin negar ciertos aspectos positivos del populismo, el artículo sostiene que sus posiciones son fundamentalmente contradictorias.

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Fostering the Foundations of Self-Determination in Early Childhood: A Process for Enhancing Child Outcomes Across Home and School     

Elizabeth J. Erwin  Susan P. Maude  Susan B. Palmer  Jean Ann Summers  Mary Jane Brotherson  Shana J. Haines  Vera Stroup-Rentier  Yuzhu Zheng  Nancy F. Peck 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2016,44(4):325-333

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A primer of research on cognitive strategy instruction: The important issues and how to address them     

Michael Pressley  Vera Woloshyn  Linda M. Lysynchuk  Vicky Martin  Eileen Wood  Teena Willoughby 《Educational Psychology Review》1990,2(1):1-58

Five types of strategy research are reviewed. (1) We argue it makes sense first to determine whether there is a need for strategy instruction. If there is, (2) development of a treatment with preliminary evaluations can follow, as can (3) formal evaluation of the resultant intervention in true experiments. As instructional need research, strategy development, and experimental evaluation proceed, two other types of research should be conducted. (4) It is important to study the acceptability of strategy interventions to educators and students. (5) Research on material modifications can provide information about how strategy benefits can be made available to students when strategy instruction is not effective or unlikely to occur. Very little strategy instruction has been evaluated in all five types of research covered here, making obvious the need for more systematic research on strategies. Observational, ethnographic, and experimental methods are required in order to address the many issues comprising comprehensive empirical analysis of any type of strategy instruction, with many recommendations made here about how to conduct informative studies.  相似文献   

Academic spaces, computer technologies, and difference: toward a multidisciplinary approach to academic participation of nonnative English speaking students     

Vera Nincic 《Learning Inquiry》2007,1(3):189-202

The growing trend of the internationalization of universities has provoked an interest in the academic participation of students coming from non-English speaking universities. Fashioned by theory and research as a group with “problems”, nonnative English speakers are depicted as in constant need for help, and unsatisfied with Western academic practices. Consequently, the researchers interested in the potentials of computer technologies have turned toward the ways computer technologies might facilitate students’ participation. By taking for granted the nonnative English speaking students’ dissatisfaction with traditional academic practices because of students’ cultural/linguistic differences, this approach fails to explore how the differences between the nonnative English speakers and other students have been established and maintained in traditional classrooms in the first place. This paper argues that we need a better understanding of the complex nature of relations between students and academic spaces that would challenge the approach that offers computer technologies as a “solution” to the problems of classroom participation by nonnative English speakers and develop a new framework to consider all aspects involved in the process. Empirical component of the paper offers several possible approaches in the analysis of nonnative English speaking students’ academic participation.  相似文献   

Performance of a mixed filter to identify relevant studies for mixed studies reviews     

Reem El Sherif  Pierre Pluye  Genevieve Gore  Vera Granikov  Quan Nha Hong 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2016,104(1):47-51

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Teaching Objectives in Chemistry: a Comparison of Teachers’ and Students’ Priorities     

Avi Hofstein  Vera Mandler  Ruth Ben‐Zvi  David Samuel 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(1):61-66

Summaries

English

An inventory which consisted of 12 objectives of chemistry teaching was constructed from lists compiled from the responses of 12th‐grade students and given to 10th, 11th and 12th graders and to their teachers. All four groups were asked to rank the objectives according to their order of significance.

The analysis of the order of rankings gives an insight into what are considered as the most important and interesting aspects of chemistry by students and by teachers.

The use of an objectives questionnaire in this manner is recommended to curriculum developers as part of the process of development and implementation of any curriculum. This may help to make the subject matter more suitable for the needs of both students and teachers.  相似文献   

A FEW COMMENTS ON ‘READING DRIVE’     

Vera Southgate 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(2):145-146

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Relative Strenuousness of Selected Sports as Performed by Women     

Vera Skubic  Jean Hodgkins 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):305-313

Abstract

Women participants in archery, badminton, basketball, bowling, golf, hockey, Softball, tennis, and volleyball were tested to determine the relative strenuousness of these sports. The subjects' heart beats were telemetered during participation in each sport, and estimates of their ventilation and oxygen uptake for each activity were determined from data collected in the laboratory.

Mean heart rates, oxygen uptake and VO₂ per kilogram of body weight were calculated for each subject in each sport. Comparisons were made to determine which activities demanded the greatest energy expenditure.

Heart rates ranging from a mean of 85 beats/min. in bowling to a mean of 185 beats/min. for the roving player in basketball were recorded. The energy expenditure of the roving player in basketball was similar to that of the center halfback in hockey; these two positions required a significantly greater O₂ uptake than the positions tested in all other sports. Play in these positions was classified as heavy activity.

The non-roving positions of forward and guard in basketball, badminton, tennis, Softball (pitcher), and volleyball were rated as moderate activity. Golf, archery, and bowling were categorized as light activity in terms of energy expenditure.  相似文献   

Lifelong learning: a policy concept with a long past but a short history     

Vera Centeno 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2013,32(2):133-150

This article examines the continuities and discontinuities in the international problematisation of education across the lifespan as an education policy, currently conceptualised as lifelong learning. Through the critical examination of international organisations’ policy documents, this paper demonstrates that while on the one hand there is a pattern in the way the problematisaton has been carried out (the continuities), on the other hand the translation of the problematisaton into policy has been punctuated by major discontinuities. Lifelong learning as a policy concept has introduced strong discontinuities that have ensured its acceptance worldwide: a policy with a small degree of political operationalisation that simultaneous discursively combines different political orientations.  相似文献