Facets of Pavlovian temperament as correlates of communication apprehension     

James B. Roberts  Chris R. Sawyer  Ralph R. Behnke 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(2):156-166

Recently, communication scholars have become interested in relationships between communication apprehension and the underlying biological predispositions for behavior called temperament. The resulting communibiological paradigm is said to account for individual differences in communicative behavior and adaptation to speaking situations. Because temperament is conceived as a multidimensional construct, the precise biologically determined predispositions influencing temperamental expression are yet to be discovered. In this research, Strelau's Pavlovian temperament theory is applied to this problem. Facets of the Pavlovian Temperament Survey were related to McCroskey's (1978) Personal Report of Communication Apprehension. Results suggest a moderate level of interdependence between communication apprehension and several facets of Pavlovian temperament.  相似文献   

Economic and Cultural Influences on the Theatrical Consumption of Foreign Films in Singapore     

W. Wayne Fu  Tracy K. Lee 《Journal of Media Economics》2013,26(1):1-27

This study investigates audience acceptance of foreign movies in an import-dominated exhibition market—Singapore. The characteristics of home cinema markets and the cultural distances of the film-exporting countries are operationalized in an empirical model to explain the highly varied demand in this import market for international films from various sources. We show that during 2002–2004 release frequencies and box-office performance for films originating in different countries are significantly accounted for by both economic and cultural factors. Films from countries with larger domestic markets and from countries culturally more similar to Singapore experience greater box-office success. Furthermore, an individual foreign film's Singapore box-office performance is explained by its box-office success in its home market and the intercountry cultural distance.  相似文献   

Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification: Implications for Access     

Janene R. Finley  Wayne E. Finley 《Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian》2013,32(1):3-14

On July 1, 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board officially adopted the Accounting Standards Codification as the sole source of generally accepted accounting principles. The codification is available online, and users may either subscribe to the free Basic View or purchase the Professional View. Although both views provide access to the same content, the Professional View contains more features than the Basic View and provides a significant increase in usability. This article compares the features within the Professional and Basic Views and discusses the implications of access for librarians, researchers, faculty, and students.  相似文献   

Profiles of Classroom Practices in U.S. Public Schools     

Wayne M. Garrison 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(3-4):377-406

In this research, we consider how the instructional strategies of public school teachers interact with the achievement levels of their students. Slightly more than 1,000 teachers in schools broadly representative of public schools in the USA responded to a school climate survey. Of this number, data from 426 teachers were subjected to Rasch scaling analysis, resulting in profiles of classroom instructional activities interrelated to the skill levels of students. Analyses revealed interesting "uncommonalities" in instructional emphasis, in number as well as kind. Instruction in low achieving classrooms generally was less coordinated than in classes of average achieving students. Instructional strategies and lesson focus in classes of high achieving students were linked in ways that resulted in more continuity and greater productivity.  相似文献   

RELIGION,RACISM, AND SELF‐IMAGE: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF BELIEFS     

Wayne G. Johnson 《Religious education (Chicago, Ill.)》2013,108(5):620-630

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The National Environmental Education Development (Need) Program     

Wayne Miller 《The Journal of environmental education》2013,44(2):47-48

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Patterns of psychological state anxiety in public speaking as a function of anxiety sensitivity     

Ralph R. Behnke  Chris R. Sawyer 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(1):84-94

Previous empirical studies of anxiety patterns associated with public speaking performance have exhibited major differences between the psychological and physiological waveforms. Moreover, current research indicates that, in physiological studies of public speaking anxiety, several different patterns are embedded in the overall pattern, thereby demonstrating the importance of discovering the proper differentiated pattern for any given speaker. In the present study, the general psychological anxiety pattern for public speakers was examined in order to attempt to discover if independent, differentiated, patterns reside within the global pattern. A primary and a secondary pattern emerged. These sub‐patterns are significantly different from one another at all major moments or milestones of the experience. In a second study, these patterns were identified by differing levels of anxiety sensitivity. Theoretical, pedagogical, and therapeutic implications of the findings are discussed.  相似文献   

Audience‐perceived anxiety patterns of public speakers     

Amber N. Finn  Chris R. Sawyer  Ralph R. Behnke 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(4):470-481

Gray's neurological theory of anxiety (1982, 1990; Gray & McNaughton, 2000) predicts that state anxiety will decrease with continuous exposure to a fear arousing stimulus. Previous studies of psychological and physiological state anxiety patterns during public speaking have reported a pattern of progressively decreasing anxiety levels consistent with this phenomenon, known as habituation. In the current report, the extent to which the state anxiety behaviors of speakers conform to the habituation pattern is examined. In the first of two studies, 30 novice speakers presented informative speeches to audiences of 18 to 20 fellow students. These speeches were videotaped and replayed in their entirety for observers (N=30) who rated the severity of each performer's speech anxiety behaviors. In the second study, each videotaped presentation was divided into one‐minute segments and presented in random order to a new set of observers (N=25). Procedures in the second study were designed to control for rater expectations that state anxiety would decline over time. Overall, behavioral measures of public speaking state anxiety displayed a continually declining pattern associated with habituation.  相似文献   

The Intersection Between Deep Moral Frames and Rhetorical Style in the Struggle over U.S. Immigration Reform     

David G. Levasseur  J. Kanan Sawyer  Maria A. Kopacz 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(5):547-568

This essay highlights and explores a point of tension between theoretical writings on style and moral frames. Past political communication scholarship points to the importance of the feminine style in today's televisual era of politics. In this same political era, the conservative strict parent moral frame has dominated most policy debates. Surprisingly, this highly successful moral frame appears squarely at odds with the feminine style so closely connected with political success. This essay attempts to unravel this tension between styles and frames by examining discourse drawn from the 2007 debate over comprehensive immigration reform. To account for the success of conservative messages within this debate, this essay both (a) calls into question the nature of the relationship between the television medium and the feminine style and (b) expands our understanding of the discursive operation of deep moral frames by drawing a distinction between intra-familial and extra-familial policy discourse.  相似文献   

Speaking Out:The Rush to Competency-Based Education     

K. Wayne Pruitt 《Clearing house (Menasha, Wis.)》2013,86(1)

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