German Books     

Wilbert Ubbens 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(1-2):11-15

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用历史的方法解读孔孟荀伦理思想     

李怡轩  秦筱萌 《重庆职业技术学院学报》2005,14(1):129-131

多年以来，对儒家伦理思想的源头——孔孟荀伦理思想的解读存在较多争议。究其原因，多数是因为不能客观地应用历史与逻辑相结合的研究方法。忽略了历史方法的基础作用，以至于运用了太多的主观逻辑而造成结论的偏差。因此，笔者在肯定历史与逻辑相结合方法的重要性同时，更强调历史方法的基础作用，强调结合孔孟荀所处时代的历史社会背景和历史文化背景来正确解读孔孟荀伦理思想，以寻找孔孟荀伦理思想中于当今社会仍具有合理性的精神元素。  相似文献   

2002年各国田径积分分析     

魏家俊  曾丽萍 《中国体育科技》2004,40(4):7-8

采用文献资料调研、统计分析等方法 ,对各国获得 2 0 0 2年世界田径各单项前 10名的人次进行统计 ,计算出各国的积分 ,并与 1998年以来的历年情况进行对比分析。研究表明 ,自1998年以来 ,有运动员进入当年世界田径各单项前 10名的国家数稳定在 6 0个左右 ;进入当年世界田径总分前 10名、男子积分前 10名和女子积分前 10名的国家 ,基本上都是美洲、欧洲和非洲国家 ,亚洲和大洋洲国家中只有中国和澳大利亚进入过前 10名 ,短期内这种格局不会发生大的变化 ;中国女子田径积分连续两年闯进世界前 10名 ,但积分主要来自竞走和长跑项目 ,竞走项目得分的变化影响了排名的稳定性  相似文献   

方法专利的“延伸保护”和新产品制造方法专利侵权诉讼中的举证责任倒置——评最高人民法院张喜田提审案     

何懷文 《中国专利与商标》2011,(2):3-19

制造加工方法专利的有效保护依赖于‘延伸保护’和特殊的举证责任分配,这二者是《与贸易相关的知识产权协议》（TRIPS协议）以及《欧洲专利公约》等国际专利协议保护方法专利的重要规则。  相似文献   

关于专利权利要求中功能性特徵解释的几个问题     

張曉都 《中国专利与商标》2011,(4):42-55

最高人民法院的司法解释明确了权利要求中功能性特徵内容确定的基本规则,但要准确适用这一规则,还有一些问题需要进一步研究。这些问题包括：专利审批与侵权判断中如何统一功能性特徵内容确定规则,功能性特徵的认定标准,权利要求与说明书及附图均未描述权利要求所述功能的具体实施方式时如何处理侵权纠纷案件等。  相似文献   

Mining information across multiple domains: A case study of application to patent laws and regulations in biotechnology     

Hang Yu  Siddharth Taduri  Jay Kesan  Gloria Lau  Kincho H. Law 《Government Information Quarterly》2012

In this paper, we present a framework that can process a user query for retrieval of information from documents of different properties across multiple domains, with specific application to patent laws and regulations. The framework has three basic components. The first component is ontology mapping and generation. What happens is that the keywords entered by users are mapped into a subset of relevant keywords. This step is performed by looking up those words in an ontology database. The second component is the joint and cross search in various document domains; in our case, they are patents and scientific publications. The last component is to modify the search results by applying user feedback statistics. The results of feedback will be saved as metadata for future uses.A case example is given to demonstrate how results from multiple domain searches can be combined using ontology and cross referencing. We use an example of well-known biotechnology patents on erythropoietin (EPO) and give detailed analysis on each document domain with this keyword. Relationships between each domain are demonstrated.A user feedback mechanism is also discussed in this paper. The ability to take user feedback into the framework is important. There is no doubt that domain knowledge from expert or experienced users could be a very good compliment to the proposed system. Both direct and indirect user feedbacks are discussed.  相似文献   

Microfluidic generation of droplet interface bilayer networks incorporating real-time size sorting in linear and non-linear configurations     

P. Carreras  R. V. Law  N. Brooks  J. M. Seddon  O. Ces 《Biomicrofluidics》2014,8(5)

In this study, a novel droplet based microfluidic method for the generation of different sized droplet interface bilayers is reported. A microfluidic platform was designed, which allows the generation and packing of picoliter lipid coated water droplets. Droplets were generated by hydrodynamic focusing coupled with selective transport along grooves according to their size. A trapping structure at the end of the groove and a fine control of the flow pressures allowed for the droplets to be successfully trapped and aligned on demand. This technology facilitates the fine control of droplet size production as well as the generation of extended networks from a variety of lipids including 1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in linear and non-linear configurations, which is vital to the application of Droplet Interface Bilayers to biological network construction on-chip.  相似文献   

Expertise reversal effect in reading Chinese texts with added causal words     

Slava Kalyuga  Yin Kum Law  Chee Ha Lee 《Instructional Science》2013,41(3):481-497

The study investigated the effectiveness of causal words embedded in Chinese texts to explicitly indicate causal links between the described events. Primary school students with different levels of reading expertise participated in the experiment that compared an embedded casual-words format with the original no-causal-words format. An interaction (expertise reversal) effect was obtained with the causal-words format benefiting novices but not more experienced readers. In contrast to previous studies of the expertise reversal effect that have related the effect to the variations in extraneous cognitive load caused by experts processing redundant for them information, this instance of the effect is likely to be due to differential levels of intrinsic cognitive load. The results of the reported experiment imply the use of different text formats for individuals with different levels of reading expertise.  相似文献   

Factors Influencing Interest in Research among Criminal Justice Students     

Fang Mei Law  Gwo Jen Guo 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2013,24(3):377-391

This study explores factors influencing research interest (RI) among criminal justice students. The participants were 328 students at a mid‐western university. Results of a path analysis indicated that quantitative and computer skills and writing skills were significant predictors of RI. Statistics anxiety was a significant negative predictor of research design skills, practical research skills, and quantitative and computer skills. It also indirectly predicted RI via quantitative and computer skills. Statistics self‐efficacy was a significant predictor of research design skills, practical research skills, quantitative and computer skills, and writing skills, and also indirectly predicted RI via quantitative and computer skills as well as writing skills.  相似文献   

试论“对抗式”案例教学法     

张秉福  亓燕 《广西大学梧州分校学报》2005,15(2):75-77

“对抗式”案例教学法是案例教学法的改革与创新,实施此法要精选案例,课前准备要充分,还要充分发挥教师的主导作用。  相似文献