Models of “The Heavens and the Earth”: An Investigation of German and Taiwanese Students’ Alternative Conceptions of the Universe     

Shu-Chiu?LiuEmail author 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2005,3(2):295-325

The paper reports a cross-cultural investigation conducted in 2001–2002 that seeks to reveal students’ alternative ideas in two countries, Taiwan and Germany. It was carried out by means of semi-structured interviews in a story form. The targeted students were arbitrarily selected from grades 3 to 6 in both countries and amounted to 64. The questions in the interview were centered around “the heavens” (space, heavenly bodies, and familiar astronomical events) and “the earth” (the appearance, shape, movement, and, in some cases, gravity). The results indicated that, first, the students presented their ideas in a consistent manner, regardless of their cultural backgrounds, if we take into account the scope of questions and phenomena which were in their concern or of their interest. The comments from the student can be patterned into a structure-like whole, which we term “model” in the study. Second, the alternative models of “the heavens and the earth” elicited in the interviews appear to have various strengths of explaining familiar astronomical events. Interestingly, the more advanced a model is (in regard with the present-day cosmological model), the higher explanatory power it contains. As for the difference between the sample of two countries, the German students show more intention (or are more aware of the need) to explain astronomical phenomena than their Taiwanese counterparts, and thereby presented more precise models with stronger explanatory power. On the other hand, the Taiwanese students appeared to have more imagination and conceptual flexibility that should also be valued.  相似文献   

Seeing self as others see you: variability in self‐efficacy ratings in student teaching     

Özler Çakır  Devrim Alıcı 《Teachers and Teaching》2013,19(5):541-561

The main objective of this study was to compare pre‐service English teachers' self‐efficacy beliefs with the instructors' views of the teaching competence of these pre‐service teachers. Thirty‐nine student teachers (13 males and 26 females) and five female instructors participated in the study. For data collection, student teacher and instructor versions of the same scale were used. The results of the research indicated that the student teachers' self‐efficacy judgments were higher than the instructors' judgments for the student teachers' teaching competence. Interviews with the instructors indicated that enactive experiences and verbal persuasion seem to be important factors which affect the personal efficacy beliefs of the prospective teachers in the current study.  相似文献   

New light on the history of transport     

Hajo Hayen Dr.phil.h.c. 《Endeavour》1987,11(4)

The remarkable preservative effects of peat bogs for organic material, especially wood, is well known. This has made possible the detailed examination of ancient wooden trackways built across the peat bogs of northern Europe. The construction of these, and the nature of associated artifacts, throws much light also on the nature of the vehicles that used them. This article, based on a four-year research programme supported by the Volkswagenwerk Foundation, is largely concerned with work in Lower Saxony; complementary results have been obtained from Schleswig-Holstein, Denmark, and the Netherlands.  相似文献   

Association between moderately oxidized low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein particle subclass distribution in hemodialyzed and post-renal transplant patients     

Kimak E  Hałabiś M  Baranowicz-Gąszczyk I  Solski J  Książek A 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(5):365-371

Disturbances in the metabolism of lipoprotein profiles and oxidative stress in hemodialyzed (HD) and post-renal transplant (Tx) patients are proatherogenic, but elevated concentrations of plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the concentrations of lipid, lipoprotein, HDL particle, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and anti-ox-LDL, and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in HD (n=33) and Tx (n=71) patients who were non-smokers without active inflammatory disease, liver disease, diabetes, or malignancy. HD patients had moderate hypertriglyceridemia, normocholesterolemia, low HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and HDL particle concentrations as well as PON-1 activity, and increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels. Tx patients had hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, moderately decreased HDL-C and HDL particle concentrations and PON-1 activity, and moderately increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels as compared to the reference, but ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels and PON-1 activity were more disturbed in HD patients. However, in both patient groups, lipid and lipoprotein ratios (total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C, HDL-C/non-HDL-C, apoA-I/apoB, HDL-C/apoA-I, TG/HDL) were atherogenic. The Spearman’s rank coefficient test showed that the concentration of ox-LDL correlated positively with HDL particle level (R=0.363, P=0.004), and negatively with TC (R=−0.306, P=0.012), LDL-C (R=−0.283, P=0.020), and non-HDL-C (R=−0.263, P=0.030) levels in Tx patients. Multiple stepwise forward regression analysis in Tx patients demonstrated that ox-LDL concentration, as an independent variable, was associated significantly positively with HDL particle level. The results indicated that ox-LDL and decreased PON-1 activity in Tx patients may give rise to more mildly-oxidized HDLs, which are less stable, easily undergo metabolic remodeling, generate a greater number of smaller pre-β-HDL particles, and thus accelerate reverse cholesterol transport, which may be beneficial for Tx patients. Further studies are necessary to confirm this.  相似文献   

Demographic variables and fathers' involvement with their child with disabilities     

Józefa Brągiel  Przemysław E. Kaniok 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2014,14(1):43-50

The main purpose of this study is to examine whether fathers' involvement with their child with disabilities is correlated with some of the demographic variables. Data were collected from 243 Polish fathers who were married and who had at least one child with disabilities. The issue was assessed by two measures: a Questionnaire and the Father Involvement Scale. The results of the multiple regression show that fathers' involvement is significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with the level of fathers' concentration on the needs of their child with disabilities, the level of fathers' cooperation with their wives, the number of years during which parents cared for a child with disabilities, time devoted by fathers daily for their child with disabilities, fathers' self‐esteem, fathers' education, the level of disability of a child, the level of fathers' skills in dealing with their child with disabilities and the level of fathers' knowledge about their child with disabilities. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at: http://youtu.be/XpTojch0j9Y  相似文献   

Premarital Sex, Social Support, Submissive Behaviors, and Loneliness Among Turkish University Students     

?lhan Yal??n  Ahu Ar?c?o?lu  Asude Malko? 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2012,34(3):259-267

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether differences in social support, submissive behaviors, and loneliness existed among Turkish university students who had had premarital sexual intercourse and those who had not. Using self-reported questionnaires, students who had experienced sexual intercourse were contrasted with those who had not. Data were gathered on 420 university students in Ankara, Turkey. MANOVA statistics were used in the data analysis. Results indicated that more than 75?% of the total respondents reported that they had never had sexual intercourse; the frequency of sexual intercourse was higher among males than females. It was found that students who had had sexual intercourse reported less perceived support from family. The two groups were not significantly different, however, in perceived support from friends, submissive behaviors and loneliness. Possible interpretations of these data and implications for future study are suggested.  相似文献   

衡水湖湿地可持续发展对策探讨     

刘志华  李建明  时丽冉  武大勇 《衡水学院学报》2012,14(1):8-10

衡水湖湿地生态系统具有多方面的价值.衡水湖湿地面临的主要问题是湿地生态系统较为脆弱、湿地污染较严重.衡水湖湿地生态系统可持续发展的对策主要是：制定相应的制度和法规;加强监测和研究工作;加大宣传力度、提高民众环保意识;加强保护衡水湖的高校合作研究;拓宽资金渠道.  相似文献   

四川平武水牛家水电站工程影响区及火溪河流域的兽类研究     

何玲  伍自力  潘树林 《宜宾学院学报》2004,4(3):156-159

通过野外对大中型兽类采用样线法、对小型兽类采用铗日法 ,研究水牛家水电站工程影响区及火溪河流域兽类的种类组成和区系、各生境的兽类以及资源类型。确认火溪河流域有兽类 6目 2 4科 64属 85种  相似文献   

Wavelet transforms: Application to data analysis - I     

Jatan?K.?Modi  Sachin?P.?NanavatiEmail author  Amit?S.?Phadke  Prasanta?K.?PanigrahiEmail author 《Resonance》2004,9(11):10-22

In this article, we elaborate upon the key ideas underlying the construction of various wavelet basis sets. The roles of translation and scaling, which enable the wavelets to localize variations at desired levels of resolution, are clearly brought out. After explaining the implementation of one dimensional wavelet transform, we illustrate their usefulness through the analysis of a data set.  相似文献   

Les Disparités d'alphabétisation et de scolarisation en Turquie     

Arayıcı  Ali 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2000,46(1-2):117-146

The struggle against illiteracy is a problem of great importance in Turkey as in many other countries. In Turkey the democratisation and secularisation of education have been a difficult process. Despite strong educational efforts in recent years, the country still presents various forms of inequality, such as considerable disparities between women and men, between town and country and between different regions. Unequal socio-economic, cultural and educational development, and attachment to cultural traditions are some of the factors that influence these inequalities. At the same time, Turkey is confronted by the sore problem of the education of linguistic minorities (especially the Kurds), who are not officially recognised as the cultural policy of Turkey aims to assimilate them. Thus, in the 1920s the Kurdish language was forbidden along with all languages other than Turkish, the official national language.  相似文献