Modifying socially withdrawn behavior: A playground intervention for students with internalizing behaviors     

Michelle R. Marchant  Brock R. Solano  Adam K. Fisher  Paul Caldarella  K. Richard Young  Tyler L. Renshaw 《Psychology in the schools》2007,44(8):779-794

There is little research regarding interventions for children with internalizing behaviors in schools, both within classrooms and in nonclassroom environments. In response to this need, a nonclassroom treatment package, consisting of (a) social skills instruction, (b) mediated self‐management, and (c) a reinforcement system, was implemented to modify the socially withdrawn behavior of 3 elementary students. The effects of this treatment package were evaluated on the school playground—during recess—by recording both the number of communicative acts and the total time spent engaged in appropriate peer play for each target student. All target students showed marked improvement in their playground, social interaction. Future research should be conducted with similar populations, using variations of the described methods in other school settings. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 44: 779–794, 2007.  相似文献   

Examining child sexual abuse evaluations: the types of information affecting expert judgment     

Peters DF 《Child abuse & neglect》2001,25(1):149-178

OBJECTIVE: There were two aims: First, to determine to what extent four variables, disclosure, doll play, affect and collateral information, affect the decision-making processes of child sexual abuse experts and lay persons when confronted with an abuse allegation, and second, to see how these two groups of raters might differ from one another. METHOD: A randomized block partially confounded factorial design was used. Participants made abuse likelihood and confidence ratings in response to six hypothetical cases of child sexual abuse, four of which had varying combinations of the four types of information and two of which were constant across all raters. Participants also completed attitudes and knowledge questionnaires. RESULTS: Disclosure and collateral information both had large effects on both rater groups. Doll play and affect had little or no effect on the decisions of either group. Experts were slightly more conservative in their judgments over all than students were. Experts also displayed more knowledge of the sexual abuse literature and more child-believing attitudes than their student counterparts. CONCLUSION: Concrete information such as disclosure statements and collateral information affected abuse decisions while inferential data such as doll play and affect did not. The goal of these evaluations may be the clarification of such concrete information and the inferential data may be used only to guide one's inquiry. This conclusion argues against the concern that experts might jump to conclusions of abuse merely based upon suggestive, symbolic material.  相似文献   

Education Policy Research and the Global Knowledge Economy     

Michael  Peters 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2002,34(1):91-102

Knowledge is and will be produced in order to be sold; it is and will be consumed in order to be valorised in a new production: in both cases, the goal is exchange.(Jean-Francois Lyotard, The Postmodern Condition: a report on knowledge. , 1984, p.4)
We live in a social universe in which the formation, circulation, and utilization of knowledge presents a fundamental problem.If the accumulation of capital has been an essential feature of our society, the accumulation of knowledge has not been any less so.Now, the exercise, production, and accumulation of this knowledge cannot be dissociated from the mechanisms of power; complex relations exist which must be analysed.(Michel Foucault, Remarks on Marx: conversations with Duccio Trombadori , 1991, p.165)  相似文献   

IMPLICATIONS OF PRESTEL AND OTHER TV PRINT SOURCES     

F.J.J. Peters 《Learning, Media and Technology》1981,7(2):56-58

Since Prestel and other televised print sources signal a revolution in the presentation of reading material to the public, it is necessary to ensure that the viewers are able to read the material. Are they ready and able to adapt their reading skills to read televised texts? Differences between page print and television print are discussed, with respect to form and style, and recommendations are made about the responsibility of the educational establishment towards the preparation of potential viewers.  相似文献   

试论学业不良学生转化对策     

黄瓒 《基础教育研究》2003,(6):28-29

近年来,“学业不良学生”频频见诸于报端杂志上,许多人将“学业不良学生”与“差生”等同起来。探讨“学业不良学生”问题,必须将其作一严格定义并划清其界限,这样才有可能继续把握发展的基点。一、正确认识学业不良学生首先,我们有必要区别“差生”与“学业不良学生”。笔者认为,“差生”是指那些智力属于正常范围,但由于某种原因,不能适应普通学校教育条件下的学习生活或在品德方面出现偏差的学生;而“学业不良学生”主要是指学业而不包括品德方面。前苏联教育家巴班斯基认为,所谓学业不良学生是指那些要比其他学生花更多时间和精力,才能…  相似文献   

Phenomenological Aspects of Ecosystemics     

Ken Tyler 《教育心理学》1994,14(4):371-384

This paper outlines key ideas in phenomenology and phenomenological psychology in order to clarify some of the processes which are used in ecosystemics. Occasionally writers take the view that a phenomenological approach indicates simply that we are concerned with an individual's experiences or that we are dealing with subjective perspectives. This paper shows that the important theoretical perspectives and specific techniques of phenomenological psychology provide the basis for important aspects of the ecosystemic approach.  相似文献   

Family risk factors and prevalence of dissociative symptoms among homeless and runaway youth     

Tyler KA  Cauce AM  Whitbeck L 《Child abuse & neglect》2004,28(3):355-366

OBJECTIVE: To examine family risk factors associated with dissociative symptoms among homeless and runaway youth. METHOD: Three hundred and twenty-eight homeless and runaway youth were interviewed using a systematic sampling strategy in metropolitan Seattle. Homeless young people were interviewed on the streets and in shelters by outreach workers in youth service agencies. RESULTS: The current study revealed widespread prevalence of dissociative symptoms among these young people. Multivariate analyses revealed that sexual abuse, physical abuse, and family mental health problems were all positively associated with dissociative symptoms. No gender differences were found for any of the models. CONCLUSIONS: Dissociative behavior is widespread among these youth and may pose a serious mental health concern. Some young people experience numerous stressors, and with few resources and little support available, many may invoke maladaptive strategies such as dissociative behavior to handle such situations, which may in turn be detrimental to their mental health. Unless youth are provided with programs and intervention, the cycle of abuse that they have experienced at home is likely to continue on the street.  相似文献   

Supporting Transgender College Students: Implications for Clinical Intervention and Campus Prevention     

Martin A. Swanbrow Becker  Stacey F. Nemeth Roberts  Sam M. Ritts  William Tyler Branagan  Alia R. Warner  Sheri L. Clark 《Journal of College Student Psychotherapy》2017,31(2):155-176

This study examines the experiences of transgender college students in coping with stress in comparison to their cisgender peers. Undergraduate and graduate students from 73 colleges, totaling 26,292 participants, of which 47 identified as transgender completed an online survey. Transgender students reported greater exposure to trauma and higher rates of suicidal experiences, as well as different precipitants to reported stressful periods and sources of support than their cisgender peers. Implications for individual and group counseling as well as outreach and prevention to better support transgender students are explored.  相似文献   

Multicultural Complexity: an Intersectional Lens for Clinical Supervision     

Harvey Charles Peters 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2017,39(2):176-187

The author discusses the need for counselor educators and supervisors to promote the intersectional nature of identities in counselor trainees and supervisees, especially as supervision serves as the vanguard for professional development and provides a more individually tailored space. This article introduces the concept of multicultural complexity, along with its current dearth in the counseling literature. The utility of multicultural complexity is explored, and recommendations made in the form of sample action plans (Appendix) regarding how counselor educators and supervisors can further incorporate the concept into the practice of clinical supervision.  相似文献   

Editorial     

Michael  Peters 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2000,32(2):157-158

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