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11.
Prerna K. Chawla Alpa J. Dherai Tester F. Ashavaid 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(2):209-214
Voriconazole, an antifungal drug exhibiting wide inter-individual variability, is an ideal candidate for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The aim of the present study was to standardize a simple, sensitive and rapid high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with ultraviolet detection to determine plasma voriconazole concentration. The HPLC method consisted of a combination of acetonitrile and water (7:3) as mobile phase with 1 ml/min flow rate and detection at 255 nm. Plasma protein precipitation was carried out using perchloric acid and the filtered supernatant was passed through C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) for the separation of voriconazole. The limit of quantification of voriconazole was 0.2 mg/L. The assay was validated with a linearity of 0.2–15 mg/L and used clinically for TDM in patient samples. The inter-assay precision was below 15 % for routine quality control samples. Weight based voriconazole doses were prescribed to 26 patients for empirical treatment of invasive fungal infections. Voriconazole therapy was managed from the baseline drug levels and follow up analysis reflected achievement in clinical efficacy. Routine TDM of voriconazole may reduce adverse events and improve the treatment response in invasive fungal infections. 相似文献
12.
T. J. Netticadan T. F. Ashavaid K. G. Nair 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1997,12(1):49-54
The cardiac sarcolemma was characterized in 13 normal and 11 ischemic dog hearts by enzyme analysis and compositional assays. Significant decreases in the activities of the sodium-potassium and calcium pumps and structural compositional disturbances were observed in ischemia. High concentrations of oleic acid, a fatty acid and palmitoyl carnitine, a fatty acid intermediate caused inhibition of the enzyme pump activities of the normal sarcolemma. Thus, ischemia results in the functional impairment of the sarcolemma. Accumulation of fatty acid and fatty acid intermediates, occurring in myocardial ischemia, could be an underlying mechanism. 相似文献
13.
Tester F. Ashavaid Sucheta P. Dandekar S. Khodaiji M. H. Ansari Adarsh Pal Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(4):356-360
Improving specimen quality as well as healthcare worker (HCW) safety poses significant concerns for today’s laboratories.
With an increasing number of diagnostic tests requested, laboratory professionals are faced with challenges to reduce laboratory
errors, improve the quality of laboratory results to assure accurate diagnosis and implement initiatives to ensure healthcare
worker safety and minimize risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. A prior study conducted in 2008 reported that variations
in blood collection methods for clinical chemistry assays may affect overall specimen quality. As a follow up, the current
study assessed the quality of 22563 patient specimens for cell counting in EDTA blood collection tubes that were obtained
with needle and syringe collection (open) using either disposable tubes or re-washed glass vials or with an evacuated blood
collection system (closed). Based on the observations, the use of the evacuated blood collection system resulted in better
preanalytical specimen quality as compared with needle and syringe collection. The findings also showed an approximately 70-fold
reduction in the incidence of clotting as well as fewer instrument-generated flags using the evacuated collection system.
In addition, the use of an evacuated collection system for venous blood collection demonstrated lesser chance of blood exposure
to healthcare workers. 相似文献
14.
Ashavaid TF Raje HS Shah BV Shah SA 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(1):18-21
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP3A5 (A6986G) and MDR-1 (C3435T) genes have been shown to be associated with the pharmacokinetics
of tacrolimus in case of renal transplant recipients. Knowing these genotypes of the recipients before undergoing transplantation,
is therefore essential for physicians to adjust the starting dose of tacrolimus in order to avoid drug induced nephrotoxicity.
We have designed an allele specific PCR method for easier and rapid detection of these polymorphisms. 20 Indian renal transplant
recipients on tacrolimus who developed nephrotoxicity within 1 month of transplantation and 58 Indian non-transplant subjects
having the risk factors for kidney disease i.e. hypertension or diabetes or the family history of these, have been studied
for these SNPs by allele specific PCR method. The data suggest that the heterozygosity of CYP3A5 and mutant allele frequency
of MDR-1 SNP is higher in transplant patients as well as in general population. 相似文献
15.
Tester F. Ashavaid Seema P. Todur Alpa J. Dherai 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(2):110-118
The central role of the laboratory scientist is to aid the clinician, in interpreting observed values, by providing relevant
reference values in a convenient and practical form. In India, reference values used in laboratories have been established
in the western population. But these can be questioned due to differences in genetic load, lifestyle, and diet. This review
highlights the approach for establishing reference values in our population using the IFCC guidelines and our observations
from our data as compared to the reported values in our laboratory. 相似文献
16.
M. B. Dave P. K. Chawla A. J. Dherai T. F. Ashavaid 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2015,30(3):293-297
Mucopolysaccharidoses, a group of inherited disorders are associated with defects in glycosaminoglycan metabolism. Thus, assessment of urinary glycosaminoglycan is used as a screening test for mucopolysaccharidoses. The detection methods range from qualitative spot tests to quantification using metachromatic dyes. In our laboratory we optimized a spectrophotometric quantitative method using a metachromatic dye, dimethylmethylene blue. Heparan sulfate was used for quantification. The glycosaminoglycan–dye complex showed a marked shift in color with increase in concentration. The color complex was quantified at 520 nm. The method was linear from 10–89 mg/L. An age matched normal range was obtained in 177 healthy individuals, grouped in 8 different age groups from neonates to adults. Urinary glycosaminoglycan concentration varied distinctly amongst the study population wherein the lowest range in healthy neonates was more than 3 times the upper limit of healthy adults. Urine samples from 10 patients with mucopolysaccharidoses were also included in the study for clinical validation. The method qualified both analytical and clinical validation and was found to be simple, robust and ideal to be offered as a screening test for mucopplysaccharidoses in a routine clinical chemistry laboratory. 相似文献
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18.
Ashley Stanley K. Chavda A. Subramanian S. V. Prabhu T. F. Ashavaid 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(2):239-242
The dopamine receptor-D4 and the dopamine transporter have been investigated for their role in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Reports of their genetic association with ADHD have shown mixed results. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) of the DRD4 and DAT1 genes with ADHD in children. A pilot 1:1 case control study, with 44 clinically confirmed ADHD cases and 44 age/gender matched healthy controls, was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Mumbai. Variable number tandem repeats of DRD4 exon 3, DAT1 intron 8 and 3′UTR were genotyped by PCR-AGE. Several allele repeats of the genes were observed in the screened subjects. Statistical significance was observed for the 10R/10R genotype of the DAT1 3′UTR VNTR between cases and controls. 相似文献
19.
Karen M. D'Souza Tester E. Ashavaid 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(2):84-89
The sarcoplasmic reticulum was isolated and characterized in the pure form from normal caprine (Capra hircus) hearts. Under ischemic condition, fatty acids like palmitic acid, palmitoyl carnitine and oleic acid accumulatein vivo. These are known to have a detrimental effect on membrane components. The effects of simulated ischemia on the Ca2+-ATPase were studied using these fatty acidsin vitro at concentrations at which they occurin vivo in the ischemic heart. All three fatty acids inhibited Ca2+-ATPase activity. At lower concentrations, palmitoyl carnitine was the most potent, followed by oleic acid while palmitic
acid displayed the least potency. Electron microscopy studies with fatty acids showed morphological disruptions in SR vesicles.
The decline in Ca2+-ATPase activity could be attributed to the change in membrane morphology. 相似文献