The Betrayal: The 1919 World Series and the Birth of Modern Baseball Charles Fountain. Oxford University Press, 2016.          下载免费PDF全文

Daniel P. Murphy 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2017,40(3):296-297

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Reliability of meta-analyses to evaluate resistance training programmes     

Antonio Arruda  Daniel Souza  James Steele  James Fisher  Jürgen Giessing  Paulo Gentil 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(20):1982-1984

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Associations between prolonged sedentary time and breaks in sedentary time with cardiometabolic risk in 10–14-year-old children: The HAPPY study     

Daniel P. Bailey  Sarah J. Charman  Thomas Ploetz  Louise A. Savory  Catherine J. Kerr 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(22):2164-2171

This study examines the association between prolonged sedentary time and breaks in sedentary time with cardiometabolic risk in 10–14-year-old children. This cross-sectional design study analysed accelerometry-determined sedentary behaviour and physical activity collected over 7 days from 111 (66 girls) UK schoolchildren. Objective outcome measures included waist circumference, fasting lipids, fasting glucose, blood pressure, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Logistic regression was used for the main data analysis. After adjustment for confounders, the odds of having hypertriglyceridaemia (P = 0.03) and an increased clustered cardiometabolic risk score (P = 0.05) were significantly higher in children who engaged in more prolonged sedentary bouts per day. The number of breaks in sedentary time per day was not associated with any cardiometabolic risk factor, but longer mean duration of daily breaks in sedentary time were associated with a lower odds of having abdominal adiposity (P = 0.04) and elevated diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.01). These associations may be mediated by engagement in light activity. This study provides evidence that avoiding periods of prolonged uninterrupted sedentary time may be important for reducing cardiometabolic disease risk in children.  相似文献   

Effects of Isometric Hand-Grip Muscle Contraction on Young Adults' Free Recall and Recognition Memory     

Phillip D. Tomporowski  Chelesa Albrecht  Daniel M. Pendleton 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2017,88(1):95-100

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A comparison of methods to estimate anaerobic capacity: Accumulated oxygen deficit and W’ during constant and all-out work-rate profiles     

Daniel Muniz-Pumares  Charles Pedlar  Richard Godfrey  Mark Glaister 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(23):2357-2364

This study investigated (i) whether the accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD) and curvature constant of the power–duration relationship (W′) are different during constant work-rate to exhaustion (CWR) and 3-min all-out (3MT) tests and (ii) the relationship between AOD and W′ during CWR and 3MT. Twenty-one male cyclists (age: 40 ± 6 years; maximal oxygen uptake [V?O_2max]: 58 ± 7 ml · kg^?1 · min^?1) completed preliminary tests to determine the V?O₂–power output relationship and V?O_2max. Subsequently, AOD and W′ were determined as the difference between oxygen demand and oxygen uptake and work completed above critical power, respectively, in CWR and 3MT. There were no differences between tests for duration, work, or average power output (P ≥ 0.05). AOD was greater in the CWR test (4.18 ± 0.95 vs. 3.68 ± 0.98 L; P = 0.004), whereas W′ was greater in 3MT (9.55 ± 4.00 vs. 11.37 ± 3.84 kJ; P = 0.010). AOD and W′ were significantly correlated in both CWR (P < 0.001, r = 0.654) and 3MT (P < 0.001, r = 0.654). In conclusion, despite positive correlations between AOD and W′ in CWR and 3MT, between-test differences in the magnitude of AOD and W′, suggest that both measures have different underpinning mechanisms.  相似文献   

Reassessing training programs: A model for identifying training excesses and deficiencies     

Martin Tessmer  Daniel McCann  Michael Ludvigsen 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1999,47(2):86-99

Needs assessments are traditionally based on an optimals-actuals deficiency model that is utilized before instruction is implemented. However, in some cases an existing training program may be reassessed to determine what training needs still exist. These situations could benefit from an excess-based model, where the assessment effort is designed to identify instructional excesses as well as deficiencies. This article explains the theory and procedures for an innovative needs reassessment approach, the CODE system. The article also provides some empirical data on the potential value of the CODE process for decisions about the reallocation of instructional resources in existing training programs. Two exploratory studies were conducted that provide evidence of the validity of the CODE system: (a) a needs reassessment of a corporate training program, and (b) a medical training program reassessment.  相似文献   

Accompanying the Path of Maternity: The Life History of a Colombian Doula     

Daniel F. M. Surez-Baquero  Jane Dimmitt Champion 《The Journal of perinatal education》2021,30(3):145

Doulas have fundamentally improved the health-care experience of pregnant women internationally. Women who recognize the importance of not being alone during pregnancy have embraced this role for centuries. However, less is known about doulas practicing in countries experiencing health inequities like Colombia. Miller''s methodology and Atkinson''s interview domain was used to answer the question “What life experiences led a Colombian woman to become a doula?” A central theme emerged, “A calling from within: Growing up to accompany the transition from woman to mother.” The path to becoming a doula evolved from life experiences involving health inequities, and a sense of femininity, maternity, and the women''s role in rural Colombia.  相似文献   

A group math intervention: The modification of cover,copy, and compare for group application     

Martha J. Lee  Daniel H. Tingstrom 《Psychology in the schools》1994,31(2):133-145

A drill and practice intervention was applied in a small-group setting to improve students' fluency (accuracy and speed) with basic math facts. The Cover, Copy, and Compare intervention (Skinner, Turco, Beatty, & Rasavage, 1989) was modified and implemented with a small, middle school Chapter I math class. Data are presented showing digits correct per minute (DCPM) using a multiple baseline design across sets of division facts. Component parts of DCPM, speed and accuracy, are further discussed. Results of this study provide the scientist-practitioner with ideas about implementing group interventions using drill for math facts. Ways to refine the intervention based on baseline data are discussed.  相似文献   

Proof,Evidence, and Complexity: Understanding the Impact of Training and Development in Business     

Daniel J. McLinden 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》1995,8(3):3-18

Interventions–most notably, training–designed to improve human performance are coming under increasing scrutiny as executive management demands to know how and to what extent the investment in these interventions adds value to the organization. Often, management's demands are translated into assessment efforts involving experimental methods intended to “prove” that economic improvements can be directly and unequivocally attributed to training. Although this approach to demonstrating impact can be very effective, it is not applicable across a broad range of programs or organizations. Demonstrating value for diverse programs requires a wide range of impact assessment methods. This paper presents a framework for impact assessment that, although encompassing experimental methods, is focused on alternative ways of demonstrating value. Specifically discussed are the need to link program components in the evaluation strategy and to utilize various levels of evidence in drawing conclusions. In addition, the possibility of increasing the number of erroneous conclusions when programs are held to the highest standard of proof is discussed. Finally, chaos theory is suggested as a metaphor for understanding the complexity of the relationships between interventions and effects and as a rationale for an expanded approach to demonstrating value.  相似文献   

Deviating glucose results in an international dual-center study. A root cause investigation     

Janne Cadamuro  Peter Bergsten  Katharina Mrwald  Anders Forslund  Marie Dahlbom  Jonas Bergquist  Iris Ciba  Susanne M. Brunner  Jeanne Jabbour  Daniel Weghuber 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2022,32(1)

During a dual-center study on obese and normal weight children and adolescents, focusing on glucose metabolism, we observed a marked difference in glucose results (N = 16,840) between the two sites, Salzburg, Austria and Uppsala, Sweden (P < 0.001). After excluding differences in patient characteristics between the two populations as cause of this finding, we investigated other preanalytic influences. Finally, only the tubes used for blood collection at the two sites were left to evaluate. While the Vacuette FC-Mix tube (Greiner Bio-One, Kremsmünster, Austria) was used in Uppsala, in Salzburg blood collections were performed with a lithium heparin tube (LH-Monovette, Sarstedt, Germany). To prove our hypothesis, we collected two blood samples in either of these tubes from 51 children (Salzburg N = 27, Uppsala N = 24) and compared the measured glucose results. Indeed, we found the suspected bias and calculated a correction formula, which significantly diminished the differences of glucose results between the two sites (P = 0.023). Our finding is in line with those of other studies and although this issue should be widely known, we feel that it is widely neglected, especially when comparing glucose concentrations across Europe, using large databases without any information on preanalytic sample handling.  相似文献