Effects of antagonist pre-load on knee extensor isokinetic muscle performance     

Carregaro RL  Gentil P  Brown LE  Pinto RS  Bottaro M 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(3):271-278

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare acute effects of a reciprocal action protocol and a super-set protocol on knee extensor performance during concentric isokinetic exercise. Fourteen men aged 29.4 ± 6.1 years were tested on three different protocols, with 1 min of rest between sets: control (3 sets of 10 isokinetic knee extension repetitions), reciprocal action protocol (3 sets of 10 repetitions of reciprocal isokinetic concentric knee flexion and knee extension repetitions), and super-set protocol (3 sets of a combination of 10 repetitions of knee flexion immediately followed by 10 repetitions of knee extension repetitions). Tests were performed at 60° · s(-1) and 180° · s(-1), randomized across 3 days and separated by at least 72 h. There were no significant differences between protocols for peak torque at 60° · s(-1) or 180° · s(-1). Total work was significantly higher during the reciprocal action protocol compared with the super-set protocol at 60° · s(-1). There was a significant decline in peak torque (from 240.6 to 212.9 N · m) and total work (from 2294 to 1899 J) for the control condition at 60° · s(-1). Also, total work declined significantly across sets for the super-set protocol at 60° · s(-1) (from 2157 to 1707 J). Results indicate that a reciprocal action protocol provides torque maintenance during multiple sets of isokinetic training, both at slow and high velocities.  相似文献   

Child Engagement in Inclusive Preschools: Contributions of Classroom Quality and Activity Setting     

Vera Coelho  Joana Cadima  Ana Isabel Pinto 《Early education and development》2013,24(6):800-816

Preschool process quality and activity setting are considered important aspects influencing child engagement. As such, it is important to understand how educational settings can promote engagement, particularly for children with disabilities and/or at risk. This observational study describes process quality and activity setting in inclusive preschools, analyzing its predictive role for child engagement. Participants were 184 children attending 39 preschools. Three groups of children, nested within classrooms, were considered: with disabilities (n = 45), at risk (n = 59), typically developing (n = 80). Child Observation in Preschool assessed engagement and activity setting; Classroom Assessment Scoring System assessed quality of teacher–child interactions. Research Findings: Results from multilevel regressions show that classroom emotional support and organization and more time in free play were positively predicting child engagement, whereas more time in whole group was a negative predictor of engagement. Besides these main effects, an interaction effect between child developmental functioning and activity settings was found. For at-risk children, more time in whole-group activities had greater negative effects on child engagement. For children with disabilities, more time in free-play had greater positive effects on child engagement. Practice or Policy: Results contribute to inform teachers regarding the importance of individualizing interactions and planning activity settings to promote engagement and participation in inclusive preschools.  相似文献   

Interoperability and Information Integration in an Early Online Academic Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations: The Case of BTD     

Vinı́cius Medina Kern  Paulo Henrique S Bermejo 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(2-4):319-333

Cooperative organization has been proposed as a means to improve the usefulness of virtual libraries. Information interchange among library and other academic applications is often hindered by the lack of application interoperability. This hindrance may be overcome through the development of standards that allow for digital libraries to exchange and share information with other applications. The Graduate Program in Production Engineering (PPGEP) of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) launched its Theses and Dissertations Bank (BTD) in 1995. BTD is possibly the first online academic digital library of theses. From a digital document repository, BTD evolved into a system that combines bibliometry and informetry features. BTD is used by students and faculty in their research activities, but also by decision makers from industry and academia. They use it, respectively, to search for specialists and to measure interest and knowledge interchange among PPGEP research areas. This article presents the history, features, and development prospects for the BTD project. The integration of BTD with other academic applications, especially those of the Brazilian national science and technology platform, is emphasized.  相似文献   

Foreign and International Media     

Melly de Camargo  Virgilio B. Noya Pinto  John K. Mayo  John A. Lent  Alexander S. Birkos 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(11):145-146

Melly de Camargo and Virgilio B. Noya Pinto's Communication Policies in Brazil (Paris: Unesco Press [New York: Unipub], 1975— $4.95, paper)

John K. Mayo, et al., Educational Reform with Television: The El Salvador Experience (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1976—$11.50).

John A. Lent's Mass Media in the Commonwealth Caribbean: Recent Bibliographic Sources (Philadelphia: Temple University School of Communications and Theater, Communications Research Reports No. 7, 1976— $2.50, paper).

Alexander S. Birkos' Soviet Cinema: Directors and Films (Hamden, Coon.: Archon Tools /Shoe String Press, 1976—$17.5n).  相似文献   

情境领导Ⅱ管理模式在巴西乒乓球队教练训练管理工作中的应用     

Luiz Henrique Porto Vilani　Dietmar Martin Samulski 《体育科研》2005,26(3):31-36,54

本研究包含以下几方面内容1.情境领导Ⅱ型模式在巴西乒乓球队训练管理工作中及教练员对运动员的领导关系中的应用情况调查.2.根据运动员的表现,运动员的满意程度,以及教练与运动员之间的相互关系来分析教练员的后续领导行为是否受前阶段管理工作的影响.3.分析运动员的调查结果与相应教练员调查结果的一致性,及其领导管理行为是否为运动队管理多元模式中的一种.研究对象与方法调查对象为61名巴西12～18岁乒乓球运动员和10名乒乓球教练,这些队员和教练均为国家级水平,研究中以运动员满意度问卷形式和运动领导管理标准进行评估.研究结果教练员先前的领导行为影响运动员对教练员的看法,以及运动员的满意程度、教练与运动员相互之间的关系等.那些运动成绩较好的、经验相对丰富的、教练监督指导得比较多的运动员,他们的问卷答案与教练员的问卷结果有很高的一致性.对教练员的训练教导工作和民主行为方面,男子运动员的答案要比女子运动员表现出较高的一致性.女运动员对教练员的个别对待方式与民主行为表现出较好的满意度.运动员的问卷结果与相应教练员的调查结果的一致性在很大程度上依赖于训练过程中产生的良好效果与运动员的满意度,这反映了多元领导模式的规则.另外,虽然我们的研究并没有很好地验证情境领导Ⅱ模式在运动队训练管理中的应用情况,但是,调查分析结果表明了合适的多元领导模式在运动队训练工作中进行有效领导的重要性.这些结果也说明在多元领导模式的基础上,采用足够合理的方法是检验情境领导Ⅱ模式在运动训练管理中应用情况的关键.  相似文献   

Physical characteristics that predict involvement with the ball in recreational youth soccer     

Alessandro H. Nicolai Ré  Maria Teresa Cattuzzo  Rafael dos Santos Henrique  David F. Stodden 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(18):1716-1722

This study examined the relative contribution of age, stage of puberty, anthropometric characteristics, health-related fitness, soccer-specific tests and match-related technical performance to variance in involvements with the ball during recreational 5-a-side small-sided (32 × 15 m) soccer matches. Using a cross-sectional design, 80 healthy male students (14.6 ± 0.5 years of age; range 13.6–15.4) who played soccer recreationally were randomly divided into 10 teams and played against each other. Measurements included height, body mass, pubertal status, health-related fitness (12-min walk/run test, standing long jump, 15-m sprint and sit-ups in 30 s), soccer-specific tests (kicking for speed, passing for accuracy and agility run with and without a ball), match-related technical performance (kicks, passes and dribbles) and involvements with the ball during matches. Forward multiple regression analysis revealed that cardiorespiratory fitness (12-min walk/run test) accounted for 36% of the variance in involvements with the ball. When agility with the ball (zigzag running) and power (standing long jump) were included among the predictors, the total explained variance increased to 62%. In conclusion, recreational adolescent players, regardless of their soccer-specific skills, may increase participation in soccer matches most through physical activities that promote improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle power and agility.  相似文献   

The impact of polytechnic institutes on the local economy     

Alves  João  Carvalho  Luísa  Carvalho  Renato  Correia  Florbela  Cunha  Jorge  Farinha  Luís  Fernandes  Joana  Ferreira  Manuela  Lucas  Eugénio  Mourato  Joaquim  Nicolau  Ana  Nunes  Sara  Nunes  Sandra  Oliveira  Pedro  Pereira  Cristina  Pinto  Sandra  Silva  José 《Tertiary Education and Management》2015,21(2):81-98

Tertiary Education and Management - Higher education institutions and, particularly, polytechnic institutes in Portugal are, generally speaking, recognized as the key stakeholders in regional...  相似文献   

The Gateway Science Workshop Program: Enhancing Student Performance and Retention in the Sciences Through Peer-Facilitated Discussion     

Denise?DraneEmail author  H.?David?Smith  Greg?Light  Larry?Pinto  Su?Swarat 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2005,14(3):337-352

Minority student attrition and underachievement is a long-standing and widespread concern in higher education. It is especially acute in introductory science courses which are prerequisites for students planning to pursue science-related careers. Poor performance in these courses often results in attrition of minorities from the science fields. This is a particular concern at selective universities where minority students enter with excellent academic credentials but receive lower average grades and have lower retention rates than majority students with similar credentials. This paper reports the first year results of a large scale peer-facilitated workshop program designed to increase performance and retention in Biology, Chemistry, and Physics at a selective research university. After adjusting for grade point average or SAT-Math score, workshop participants earned higher final grades than nonparticipants in Biology and Chemistry, but not in Physics. Similar effects on retention were found. While, positive effects of the program were observed in both majority and minority students, effect sizes were generally largest for minority students. Because of practical constraints in Physics, implementation of the program was not optimal, possibly accounting for the differential success of the program across disciplines.  相似文献   

When half a word is enough: infants can recognize spoken words using partial phonetic information     

Fernald A  Swingley D  Pinto JP 《Child development》2001,72(4):1003-1015

Adults process speech incrementally, rapidly identifying spoken words on the basis of initial phonetic information sufficient to distinguish them from alternatives. In this study, infants in the second year also made use of word-initial information to understand fluent speech. The time course of comprehension was examined by tracking infants' eye movements as they looked at pictures in response to familiar spoken words, presented both as whole words in intact form and as partial words in which only the first 300 ms of the word was heard. In Experiment 1, 21-month-old infants (N = 32) recognized partial words as quickly and reliably as they recognized whole words; in Experiment 2, these findings were replicated with 18-month-old infants (N = 32). Combining the data from both experiments, efficiency in spoken word recognition was examined in relation to level of lexical development. Infants with more than 100 words in their productive vocabulary were more accurate in identifying familiar words than were infants with less than 60 words. Grouped by response speed, infants with faster mean reaction times were more accurate in word recognition and also had larger productive vocabularies than infants with slower response latencies. These results show that infants in the second year are capable of incremental speech processing even before entering the vocabulary spurt, and that lexical growth is associated with increased speed and efficiency in understanding spoken language.  相似文献   

Designing for impact: a conceptual framework for learning analytics as self-assessment tools     

Roland Tormey  Cécile Hardebolle  Francisco Pinto  Patrick Jermann 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2020,45(6):901-911

Abstract

Although it is frequently claimed that learning analytics can improve self-evaluation and self-regulated learning by students, most learning analytics tools appear to have been developed as a response to existing data rather than with a clear pedagogical model. As a result there is little evidence of impact on learning. Even fewer learning analytics tools seem to be informed by an understanding of the social context and social practices within which they would be used. As a result, there is very little evidence that learning analytics tools are actually impacting on practice. This paper draws on research in self-regulated learning and in the social practices of learning and assessment to clarify a series of design issues which should be considered by those seeking to develop learning analytics tools which are intended to improve student self-evaluation and self-regulation. It presents a case study of how these design issues influenced the development of a particular tool: the Learning Companion.  相似文献