Think it over     

Mohan Delampady  Milind Watve 《Resonance》1997,2(10):69-71

This section of Resonanceis meant to raise thoughtprovoking, interesting, or just plain brainteasing questions every month, and discuss answers a few months later. Readers are welcome to send in suggestions for such questions, solutions to questions already posed, comments on the solutions discussed in the journal, etc. to ResonanceIndian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore 560 080, with “Think It Over” written on the cover or card to help us sort the correspondence. Due to limitations of space, it may not be possible to use all the material received. However, the coordinators of this section (currently R Nityananda and C S Yogananda) will try and select items which best illustrate various ideas and concepts, for inclusion in this section.  相似文献   

Carl Hempel's Philosophy of Science: How to Avoid Epistemic Discontinuity and Pedagogical Pitfalls     

Vemulapalli  G. Krishna  Byerly  Henry C. 《Science & Education》2004,13(1-2):85-98

Mathematical theories are essential for explanations in physics, chemistry andengineering. These theories often incorporate functions that are defined by theirrelation to other variables in the theory but not with reference to experimentalobservations. The wave function in quantum mechanics is perhaps one of thebest known example of such function, even though classical theories also providemany examples of such functions. These functions, which seem to hang in thin airdisconnected to experimental data, offer a daunting challenge to the instructor. Inthis article we consider the epistemic status of such functions and a method ofintroducing them to the students, a method that does not distort the original theory.We build our model for explanation on Hempel's analysis of relation between theoryand experiment and refine it further to show their roles in concept formation.  相似文献   

Assessment of Oxidative Stress Markers and Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Elderly Patients Without and with Coronary Artery Disease     

Murali Krishna Madisetty  Konda Kumaraswami  Shivakrishna Katkam  Kankanala Saumya  Y. Satyanarayana Raju  Naval Chandra  Maddury Jyotsna  Sujatha Patnaik  Vijay Kumar Kutala 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(3):278-285

We aimed to assess whether measuring carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and oxidative stress markers such as protein carbonyls, malondialdehyde, nitrate and glutathione in plasma of elderly patients without and with coronary artery disease (CAD) identifies early risk for CAD. A total of 50 cases with cardiovascular risk factors over the age of 60 years without CAD, and 50 patients with angiographically documented CAD over the age of 60 years were included in the study. Control group consists of 200 healthy individuals without the risk factors. Demographic details were obtained from all the subjects and CIMT measured by high frequency ultrasound and oxidative stress markers such protein carbonyls, malondialdehyde and total glutathione were determined in plasma by spectrophotometric methods. The distribution of cardiovascular risk factors in without CAD and CAD cases were smokers (16 vs 56 %), hypertension (26 vs 64 %), diabetes (16 vs 56 %) and dyslipidemia (18 vs 58 %) and positive family history (4 vs 38 %). None of the control group had any cardiovascular risk factors. Among the CAD cases, 16 % had single vessel disease, 44 % had double vessel disease and 40 % had triple vessel disease. The CIMT was significantly increased in CAD cases as compared to cases without CAD and healthy controls. On the other hand, CIMT was significantly increased in cases without CAD as compared to healthy controls. CIMT also increased with the duration of diabetes in patients without CAD and severity of disease in CAD cases. The levels of oxidants like plasma malondialdehyde, protein carbonyls, were significantly elevated and antioxidant glutathione levels and nitrate levels were significantly reduced in cases with and without CAD as compared to healthy controls. Oxidative stress markers and CIMT was found to be significantly increased in patients with cardiovascular risk factors like diabetes, family history of CAD, dyslipidemia, hypertension and smoking when compared to patients without risk factors. In patients with diabetes, CIMT increased as duration of disease increases and also in poorly controlled diabetes. In CAD group, when number of vessel involvement (severity of coronary disease) increases, the CIMT also increases confirming that CIMT is a quantifiable risk factor for CAD.  相似文献   

Homocysteine status and acute myocardial infarction among Tamilians     

T. Angeline  Rita Mary Aruna  K. Ramadevi  G. Mohan  Nirmala Jeyaraj 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):18-20

Myocardial infarction is a major consequence of coronary artery disease. Apart from the traditional risk factors of myocardial infarction, recently many reports have suggested that hyperhomocysteinemia plays important role in myocardial infarction. Plasma homocysteine level was determined in 60 myocardial infarction patients and in 35 age matched healthy individuals. Statistically significant differences (p<0.01) were observed in the mean of plasma homocysteine concentrations between the acute myocardial infarction patients (24.59±6.14 mM/L) and in normal healthy individuals (13.73 ±3.54 mM/L). The level of homocysteine in myocardial infarction patients is significantly high (p <0.01) among myocardial infarction patients when compared to that of the controls. The the present study indicates a strong association between plasma homocysteine and acute myocardial infarction among Tamilians, thus implying plasma homocysteine as a possible risk factor for myocardial infarction.  相似文献   

Platelet mono amine oxidase and plasma dopamine beta hydroxylase activity in patients with Schizophrenia     

B. S. Sridhara Rama Rao  K. S. Mohan  M. K. Sapru  P. Lakshmi Reddy  P. S. Gopinath 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1989,4(1):47-49

The activity of monoamine oxidase in platelets and of dopamine beta hydroxylase in plasma was determined in patients with schizophrenia. The activity of both the enzymes was found to be considerably decreased in patients with schizophrenia when compared to the levels noted in healthy subjects.  相似文献   

Funding public computing centers: Balancing broadband availability and expected demand     

Krishna JayakarAuthor Vitae  Eun-A Park^{Author Vitae} 《Government Information Quarterly》2012,29(1):50-59

The National Broadband Plan (NBP) recently announced by the Federal Communication Commission visualizes a significantly enhanced commitment to public computing centers (PCCs) as an element of the Commission's plans for promoting broadband availability. In parallel, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) has channelized part of the Broadband Technology Opportunities Program (BTOP) funding to PCCs. However, BTOP funding was the result of an unprecedented economic crisis, and is unlikely to be repeated. Future programs will need to evolve criteria for selecting projects for funding that maximize their cost-effectiveness. We argue in this paper that basing funding for PCCs on broadband availability (or non-availability), is not as cost-effective as considering a broader array of factors related to demand for internet access at public computer centers. We use data on public libraries from the National Center of Educational Statistics to identify factors predicting high demand for internet access at PCCs. Based on this analysis, we argue that low demand markets may benefit more from consumer outreach and digital literacy programs, than from infrastructure deployment. Also, we argue that markets with high availability, should receive more funding if there is high demand as well, as predicted by our model.  相似文献   

Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods     

K. B. Athreya  Mohan Delampady  T. Krishnan 《Resonance》2003,8(12):18-32

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Electron Paramagnetic Resonance imaging     

Sankaran Subramanian  Murali C. Krishna 《Resonance》2016,21(7):597-619

EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) imaging is particularly useful in monitoring hypoxic zones in tumors which are highly resistant to radiation and chemotherapeutic treatment. This first part of the article covers aspects of CW (continuous wave) imaging with details of FT (pulsed Fourier Transform)-EPR imaging covered in Part 2, to be published in the next issue of Resonance.  相似文献   

!Pressure melting and skating     

Ravi Divakaran  G. S. Ranganath  Mohan Devadas  J. Chandrasekhar  Rajaram Nityananda 《Resonance》1996,1(5):71-78

In this section of Resonance, we invite readers to pose questions likely to be raised in a classroom situation. We may suggest strategies for dealing with them, or invite responses, or both. “Classroom” is equally a forum for raising broader issues and sharing personal experiences and viewpoints on matters related to teaching and learning science.  相似文献   

Using an iterative mixed-methods research design to investigate schools facing exceptionally challenging circumstances within Trinidad and Tobago     

Jerome De Lisle  Krishna Seunarinesingh  Rhoda Mohammed  Rinnelle Lee-Piggott 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2017,28(3):406-442

In this study, methodology and theory were linked to explicate the nature of education practice within schools facing exceptionally challenging circumstances (SFECC) in Trinidad and Tobago. The research design was an iterative quan>QUAL-quan>qual multi-method research programme, consisting of 3 independent projects linked together by overall purpose. Although large-scale quantitative data were first used to identify and describe SFECC, the overall programme was driven by an inductive theoretical thrust, with findings from the multiple-site case studies of Projects 2 and 3 used to construct substantive theory on SFECC. The integrated findings point to the pervasive role of beyond-school factors, which were magnified and intertwined with between- and within-school factors. SFECC in this study found great difficulty transcending states of chronic low performance. We hypothesized on the need for transformative school leadership, but in this context, greater external support by stakeholder agencies and broad place-based strategies appeared essential for turnaround.  相似文献