Media metaphors: Two models for rhetorically criticizing the political television spot advertisement     

Charles U. Larson 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):533-546

In every election year, concern is raised about the spot commercial for and against various candidates. To date, little rhetorical‐critical research has been done concerning the political television commercial, though more has been done from a quantitative perspective. Two models of perspectives on the way the television spot message works are presented here—the transportation model and the evoked‐recall model. They imply the use of one of two message types: those using methods which focus on the logic or reasoning in the ad and those which focus on the ad from a metaphorical or dramatic methodology.  相似文献   

The Purpose of a Professional Development School Is to Make a Difference: 10 Years of a High School–University Partnership     

Sherry Abma  John Fischetti  Ann Larson 《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(3-4):254-262

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The development of the PhD degree in Britain, 1917–1959 and since: an evolutionary and statistical history in higher education     

Mitchell J. Larson 《History of education》2013,42(4):559-561

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Variations of Experience in Formal and Informal Sport     

Laurence Chalip  Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi  Douglas Kleiber  Reed Larson 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):109-116

Abstract

The premise of this paper is that an important component of the value of sport is the experience it provides: the moods, feelings, and self-perceptions that occur in sports contexts. The Experience Sampling Method (ESM) was used to monitor the ongoing experience of 75 adolescents. Sport was compared with other activities in terms of concentration, mood, self-consciousness and sense of skill, challenge and control. Three different sport contexts were distinguished and compared—organized sport, informal sport, and physical education class. These three contexts were contrasted, and results interpreted in terms of the “flow model” of enjoyment and optimal experience (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975). Sport was experienced as substantially more positive than the rest of everyday life. Sense of control was highest in gym class and lowest in informal sport; sense of skill was highest in informal sport and lowest in gym class; and significantly more was perceived to be at stake in organized sport than in informal sport or gym class. Finally it was shown how the structure of the activity impacts the relationship between sense of skill and other subjective variables.  相似文献   

Foot strike patterns of recreational and sub-elite runners in a long-distance road race     

Peter Larson  Erin Higgins  Justin Kaminski  Tamara Decker  Janine Preble  Daniela Lyons 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(15):1665-1673

Abstract

Although the biomechanical properties of the various types of running foot strike (rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot) have been studied extensively in the laboratory, only a few studies have attempted to quantify the frequency of running foot strike variants among runners in competitive road races. We classified the left and right foot strike patterns of 936 distance runners, most of whom would be considered of recreational or sub-elite ability, at the 10 km point of a half-marathon/marathon road race. We classified 88.9% of runners at the 10 km point as rearfoot strikers, 3.4% as midfoot strikers, 1.8% as forefoot strikers, and 5.9% of runners exhibited discrete foot strike asymmetry. Rearfoot striking was more common among our sample of mostly recreational distance runners than has been previously reported for samples of faster runners. We also compared foot strike patterns of 286 individual marathon runners between the 10 km and 32 km race locations and observed increased frequency of rearfoot striking at 32 km. A large percentage of runners switched from midfoot and forefoot foot strikes at 10 km to rearfoot strikes at 32 km. The frequency of discrete foot strike asymmetry declined from the 10 km to the 32 km location. Among marathon runners, we found no significant relationship between foot strike patterns and race times.  相似文献   

Migrants and maltreatment: comparative evidence from central register data     

O W Larson  J Doris  W F Alvarez 《Child abuse & neglect》1990,14(3):375-385

This paper reports the results of a series of studies on the abuse and neglect of migrant farmworker children. These investigations were conducted between 1983 and 1985 in the states of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Florida, and Texas. Names of approximately 24,000 migrant children obtained from annual migrant education censuses were individually cross-referenced with the appropriate state data bases to determine if they had been involved in a confirmed incident of maltreatment. The information acquired was converted to incidence estimates that were contrasted with the rates for all children in the respective states and were decomposed to identify high-risk cohorts within the migrant population. One finding common to all five assessments was that migrant children were significantly more likely to be maltreated than other children, although these incidence rates varied appreciably from one state to another. The emphasis of this paper is on the unique methodology employed in the research, issues pertaining to provisions for accessing central registers and protecting confidentiality of subjects, the generalizability of the findings, and cross-state incidence differentials for both migrants and children from nonmigrant families.  相似文献   

Predictors of educational aspirations among adolescent gifted students of color     

Ellen Hawley McWhirter  Ph.D.  Lisa M. Larson Ph.D.  Jeffrey A. Daniels M.S. 《Journal of Career Development》1996,23(2):97-109

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Team dynamics feedback for post-secondary student learning teams     

Thomas A. O'Neill  Amanda Deacon  Katherine Gibbard  Nicole Larson  Genevieve Hoffart  Julia Smith 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2018,43(4):571-585

In the current research, we introduce the team CARE model for supporting team development during post-secondary education. Team CARE is part of a larger suite of assessments at itpmetrics.com. Team CARE is a free, online, survey-based assessment that allows team members to rate their team’s health and functioning in four key categories (communicate, adapt, relate and educate), as well as provide written feedback about the team’s functioning to add nuance and supplemental context to the numeric scores. Team members completing the assessment receive a report documenting their team’s scores on the variables measured. We report on data from student learning teams suggesting that the variables in the team CARE model are reliable, and that they are correlated with team performance outcomes. Students’ perceptions of the tool were also examined, and the findings suggest that team CARE is perceived to be valuable, useful and easy to use. Recommendations for practice are detailed, including sample assessment schedules for teams with differing life spans. Implications for future research and implementation are discussed.  相似文献   

Behavioral and physiological responsivity, sleep, and patterns of daily cortisol production in infants with and without colic   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

White BP  Gunnar MR  Larson MC  Donzella B  Barr RG 《Child development》2000,71(4):862-877

To describe the behavioral and physiological responses associated with colic, the responses of 20 two-month-old infants with and 20 without colic were studied during a physical examination. Parents kept a diary of infant behaviors (including crying and fussing) for 3 days following the visit. Using Wessel, Cobb, Jackson, Harris, & Detwiler criteria, colic was defined as fussing/crying for 3 hr or more on each of the 3 days. Behavioral data coded by "blind" observers showed that during the physical exam, colic infants cried twice as much, cried more intensely, and were more inconsolable than were control infants. Despite these behavioral differences, heart rate, vagal tone, and cortisol measures indicated no appreciable difference in physiological responsivity for the two groups. At home, parents collected saliva cortisol samples at wakeup, midmorning, midafternoon, and evening for 2 days. In a finding similar to that shown by the laboratory data, the colic and control infants did not have different levels of daily average cortisol. These laboratory and home data provide no evidence of greater responsivity in the physiological substrate of difficult temperament for colic infants and are consistent with evidence of similarity in temperament once colic is resolved. At home, compared with control infants, colic infants did display a blunted rhythm in cortisol production. By diary, they also slept about 2 hr less per day than did control infants. Nighttime sleep was still significantly different when fussing/crying was statistically controlled. These data suggest that colic might be associated with a disruption or delay in the establishment of the circadian rhythm in activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis and associated sleep-wake activity.  相似文献   

Developmental trajectories of disruptive behavior problems in preschool children of adolescent mothers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Spieker SJ  Larson NC  Lewis SM  Keller TE  Gilchrist L 《Child development》1999,70(2):443-458

Using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), we analyzed individual developmental trajectories of disruptive behavior problems between ages 3.5 to 6.0 years for 183 children of adolescent mothers. We examined how the level of problem behavior (intercept) and the rate of change over time (slope) are influenced by child's sex, mother's depression/anxiety symptoms, and mother's use of negative control for regulating child behavior. On average, disruptive behavior decreased from age 3.5 to 6.0. Child sex and maternal depression/anxiety related to the level of behavior problems but not to the rate of change. Boys and children of more depressed/anxious mothers exhibited higher levels of disruptive behavior. Maternal negative control was associated with both level of disruptive behavior and rate of change, and negative control mediated the effects of maternal depression/anxiety. Greater negative control corresponded to higher levels of behavior problems and no reduction in their display over time. Child race moderated effects of negative control.  相似文献