排序方式： 共有23条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Nadine Großmann 《International Journal of Science Education》2019,41(6):759-781
Experimentation is a complex problem-solving process. In biology lessons, experiments involve creative thinking and open discovery; however, they still require some degree of instructional guidance. The right balance between discovery learning and instructional guidance depends substantially on students’ prior knowledge. Students with low prior knowledge in particular might have difficulties with conducting and understanding experiments. Incremental scaffolds might be a valuable tool to meditate between pure discovery and strong guidance while simultaneously taking learners’ individual knowledge and skills into account. In the current study, we examined the effects of incremental scaffolds (IncSc), no scaffolds (NoSc), and worked-out examples (WoEx) on students’ knowledge acquisition while doing inquiry-based experimentation with a special focus on students with low prior knowledge. In a pre-posttest design, 193 students (Mage?=?13.02?±?0.81 years) participated in a four-hour teaching unit on animals’ overwintering strategies. In the pre- and posttest, we assessed the students’ conceptual and procedural knowledge. Our results partially confirmed our hypotheses: Regarding the conceptual and procedural knowledge of all students, incremental scaffolds showed no additional benefit regarding students’ knowledge in the posttest when compared to working with no scaffolds or worked-out examples. For the students with low prior knowledge, working with incremental scaffolds led to higher conceptual and procedural knowledge after the teaching unit than working with worked-out examples. 相似文献
12.
Research in Science Education - In self-determination theory, Ryan and Deci (2017) propose that psychological well-being is based on three innate psychological needs: relatedness, competence, and... 相似文献
13.
In order to facilitate the transition fromlearning from worked examples in earlier stagesof skill acquisition to problem solving inlater stages, it is effective to successivelyfade out worked solution steps – in comparisonto the traditional method of employingexample-problem pairs that is frequently usedin cognitive-load research. In the presentstudies, the learning processes and mechanismsthat occur when learning in a computer-basedlearning environment containing faded workedsolution steps were examined across twoexperiments. The first experiment showed thatthe position of the faded steps did notinfluence learning outcomes; instead,individuals learned most about those principlesthat were faded. This suggested that specificself-explanation activities are triggered byfaded steps. The second experiment investigatedthis hypothesis directly by collecting andanalyzing thinking-aloud protocols generated bythe learners during their interaction with thelearning environment. No effect on productivelearning events including self-explanationscould be found. It could, however, be shownthat fading is associated with fewerunproductive learning events and, thereby,lends itself to better learning outcomes. 相似文献
14.
Hartmut Ehrig und Martin Gro?e-Rhode 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2001,16(2):110-117
Zusammenfassung. Der Softwareanteil in technischen Systemen bekommt einen immer h?heren Stellenwert. Für einen durchg?ngigen und wartbaren
Entwurf der Software sind Spezifikationstechniken erforderlich, die von ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Ablaufbeschreibungen bis
zu (objektorientierten) Softwaremodellen reichen. Wesentlich ist dabei, solche Techniken zu integrieren, um zu einem durchg?ngigen
Systemmodell zu gelangen. Dies ist Gegenstand des DFG-Schwerpunktprogramms „Integration von Techniken der Softwarespezifikation
für ingenieurwissenschaftliche An- wendungen”, in dem Ingenieure und Informatiker in vierzehn Forschungsprojekten gemeinsam
an der Entwicklung integrierter Methoden zur Softwarespezifkation vornehmlich in den Bereichen Produktionsautomatisierung
und Verkehrsleittechnik arbeiten. In diesem Artikel geben wir einen überblick über die Ergebnisse der ersten zwei Jahre des
Schwerpunktprogramms und dessen Ziele für den weiteren Verlauf von vier Jahren.
相似文献
15.
Gro Ellen Mathisen Kolbjorn S. Bronnick 《International Journal of Educational Research》2009,48(1):21-29
This study examined the effects of creativity training on creative self-efficacy. We developed a creativity course based on social cognitive theory. The course was conducted in two formats: a five-day course and a condensed one-day course. Samples consisted of students and municipality employees (five-day course), and special education teachers (one-day course). Students from a mathematics and statistics course constituted a control group. We measured creative self-efficacy before and after the intervention, and self-efficacy improved significantly for both the five-day and the one-day courses, while the control group showed no changes in creative self-efficacy. Self-efficacy levels increased significantly for both students and municipality employees. A follow-up assessment two months after completing the five-day course showed no decline in creative self-efficacy. 相似文献
16.
Dietrich Boles Markus Dreger Kai Gro?johann Cornelia Haber Andreas Kusserow Stefan Lohrum Dirk Menke Jochen Meyer Gerhard M?ller und Ricarda Weber 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》1998,13(3):110-121
Zusammenfassung. Ziele des MeDoc-Projektes waren die Konzeption, prototypische Entwicklung und Erprobung volltextbasierter Informations- und
Publikationsdienste für die Informatik, um den Informationsaustausch und die Literaturversorgung in der Wissenschaft effektiver
gestalten zu k?nnen. Dazu wurde im Rahmen des Projektes ein internet-basiertes System entwickelt, in dem Informatik & Fachinformation
im Volltext gespeichert, recherchiert, abgerufen und gelesen werden kann und das die Suche nach Informatik-Literatur in heterogenen,
verteilten Informationsquellen im Internet unterstützt. Das Informationsangebot ist dabei teilweise kostenpflichtig. In diesem
Artikel werden Ziele, Funktionalit?t und Architektur des MeDoc-Systems beschrieben.
Eingegangen am 19. Januar 1998 / Angenommen am 27. April 1998 相似文献
17.
Jürgen Paul Norman G. Lederman Jorge Groß 《International Journal of Science Education》2016,38(15):2367-2387
Experiments are essential for both doing science and learning science. The aim of the German youth science fair, Jugend forscht, is to encourage scientific thinking and inquiry methods such as experimentation. Based on 57 interviews with participants of the competition, this study summarises students’ conceptions and steps of learning about experimentation, taking into account age disparities. Five distinct subdomains of learning were identified in which learning processes may occur. These subdomains are procedure, purpose, material, control, and time. The three separate age groups used slightly different concepts but all the participants took the same or very similar steps of learning independent of their age. Two main reasons for conceptual developments could be detected: Firstly, the participating students had the opportunity to work using methodology similar to the commonly accepted scientific path of knowledge. Secondly, due to communication processes during the competition, a purposive reflection of their own project was promoted. With respect to different educational levels, experimentation proves to be a complex scientific framework that will be learnt step by step throughout students’ education. We therefore argue for a stronger anchoring of research experiments embedded in open or authentic inquiry to be included in science lessons at school. 相似文献
18.
Research in Science Education - The transition from elementary school to the upper grades can lead to ambiguous feelings toward the new, male teachers. This study investigated whether collaborative... 相似文献
19.
Großmann Nadine Hofferber Natalia Wilde Matthias Basten Melanie 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2023,38(1):409-434
When it comes to biology lessons in Germany, girls generally exhibit higher levels of self-determined motivation than boys. Previous research suggests that fostering student autonomy could be a way to effectively address this gender gap. To investigate gender-related effects in biology education, a sample of 303 sixth-grade students (Mage = 11.31 years, SDage = 0.58 years) participated in a 3-h teaching unit on harvest mice that was taught in either an autonomy-supportive or controlling manner. The results revealed a significant effect of the treatment on self-determined motivation, with the effect being stronger for the boys. In the treatment with controlling teaching behavior, gender-related differences in self-determined motivation became apparent. In contrast, the gender gap was mainly smaller in the treatment with autonomy-supportive teaching behavior. Thus, the results suggest that satisfying the need for autonomy appears to be an effective means to help bridge the gender gap in biology lessons.
相似文献20.
Natalia Hofferber Melanie Basten Nadine Großmann 《International Journal of Science Education》2016,38(13):2114-2132
Self-Determination Theory and Flow Theory propose that perceived autonomy fosters the positive qualities of motivation and flow-experience. Autonomy-support can help to maintain students’ motivation in very interesting learning activities and may lead to an increase in the positive qualities of motivation in less interesting learning activities. This paper investigates whether autonomy-supportive or controlling teaching behaviour influence students’ motivation and flow-experience in biology class. In study 1, 158 students of grade six worked on the adaptations of Harvest Mice (Micromys minutus) with living animals. The 153 sixth graders of study 2 dealt with the same content but instead worked with short films on laptops. Previous studies have shown that students perceive film sequences as less interesting than working with living animals. Students’ intrinsic motivation and flow-experience were measured at the end of the first and the third lesson. In study 1, autonomy-supportive teaching behaviour led to significant differences in students’ intrinsic motivation and flow-experience when compared to controlling teaching behaviour. In study 2, motivation and flow-experience were not always in line with theory. The positive effects of autonomy-supportive and the non-beneficial effects of the controlling teaching behaviour seem to be dependent on the interestingness of the teaching material. 相似文献