排序方式： 共有41条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
This paper presents an analysis of the peer-adjudicated grants awarded by the Science Research Council (SRC) between 1964–1975. During this period, some 12,000 grants were awarded via de peer-adjudication process representing some £120 million. Expenditures on ‘big science’ have not been included in the analysis.The aim of the analysis is to compare the intentions of SRC policy with the outcome of the decisions of the peer-review system. The conclusions pertain to two policy areas: (i) priorities, (ii) selectivity and concentration. With regard to the former, it is noted that as a proportion of total SRC commitments, the Nuclear Physics Board commitments have grown over the decade; the proportion of the Science Board's commitments have declined, especially in Chemistry, and there is no empirical evidence for increased priority for engineering. With regard to the latter, resources showed no changes in concentration index over the decade whether the data was analysed in terms of grants, scientists, departments or universities.Although in each case the outcome appears to be at variance with the policy intention, there is no evidence to suggest that either the SRC, or the scientists who constitute the peer-review system should have behaved differently. Rather, the intention has been to furnish reliable data on which future policy discussion might draw. 相似文献
12.
Marcello Giacomantonio 《Educational Media International》2013,50(4):204-207
Abstract This article looks at the media market in the USA and the economic background. It sees content as more important than just connecting up, on which the market seems to be concentrating, and it shows some of the advantages and dangers of rapid technological change 相似文献
13.
This article investigates experimentally the effects of sensational content on viewing choices and satisfaction in television consumption. The authors found that the presence of verbal violence in one program causes subjects to watch more of that program. However, subjects do not experience higher satisfaction with the program. In addition, they report lower satisfaction with the overall viewing experience. These findings are robust to the use of different program types for the experimental manipulation. Overall, the results pose a challenge to the use of audience figures as a measure of enjoyment or satisfaction. 相似文献
14.
15.
This paper extends previous work concerning the allocation of resources through the mechanism of peer-adjudicated grants in the Science Research Council to the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The aim of this research has been to draw comparisons between the flows of these research resources from the research councils to the universities in the United Kingdom and Canada over the period 1964 to 1974 inclusive. The paper analyses the data using two indicators; one which measures concentration of resources and another which measures the median level of support for a given field. The principal results suggest for both countries that the concentration of resources is not a function of their availability; that the concentration of resources has tended not to vary over time; and that concentration has increased with the level of institutional aggregation. The main differences between countries are that the Science Research Council tended to have the higher level of concentration at the level of the scientist but that the National Science and Engineering Research Council had higher levels of concentration at the department and university levels.With regard to median levels of support it appears that for both countries the levels of support have remained constant or declined over time; and that there are national differences in the costs of research in areas supported by the two research councils. The implications of these findings are discussed with reference to the dynamics of the peer-review system. 相似文献
16.
Conception, development and implementation of an e-Government maturity model in public agencies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Gonzalo ValdésAuthor Vitae Mauricio SolarAuthor VitaeHernán AstudilloAuthor Vitae Marcelo IribarrenAuthor VitaeGastón ConchaAuthor Vitae Marcello ViscontiAuthor Vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2011,28(2):176-187
Governments worldwide are encouraging public agencies to join e-Government initiatives in order to provide better services to their citizens and businesses; hence, methods of evaluating the readiness of individual public agencies to execute specific e-Government programs and directives are a key ingredient in the successful expansion of e-Government. To satisfy this need, a model called the eGovernment Maturity Model (eGov-MM) was developed, integrating the assessment of technological, organizational, operational, and human capital capabilities, under a multi-dimensional, holistic, and evolutionary approach. The model is strongly supported by international best practices, and provides tuning mechanisms to enable its alignment with nation-wide directives on e-Government. This article describes how the model was conceived, designed, developed, field tested by expert public officials from several government agencies, and finally applied to a selection of 30 public agencies in Chile, generating the first formal measurements, assessments, and rankings of their readiness for e-Government. The implementation of the model also provided several recommendations to policymakers at the national and agency levels. 相似文献
17.
Andrea Oxley da Rocha Deivis de Campos Marco Aurélio Farina Gabriel Sartori Pacini Marina Cornelli Girotto Arlete Hilbig 《Anatomical sciences education》2017,10(5):475-486
The use of human material in anatomy education depends upon the generosity of body donors. However, little is known regarding the demographics of body donors in Brazil, where voluntary body donation is a relatively rare phenomenon. Hence, the aim of the present study was to elucidate the demographic profile of applicants to the Body Donation Program (BDP) at the Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre in Brazil, as well as to assess whether the observed characteristics of body donors are unique to that sample, or if they merely reflect the characteristics of the regional population. Information derived from the specific forms filled out by donors between January 2008 and June 2016 at the time of registration were collected. Data from 416 forms were analyzed. Based on this study, the typical applicant in Brazil is typically a white female (67.4%), over 60 years of age (60.3%), unmarried or single (70.6%), affiliated with a religious group (89.1%), of middle class background (40.4%), who has completed high school and/or holds a university degree (93.8%). The motivation of donors was, in most cases, an altruistic gesture, represented by the desire to help society and science. Elucidating these demographic characteristics of potential donors may help identify the target public to which information regarding body donation campaigns could be directed. Anat Sci Educ 10: 475–486. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献
18.
Marcello Carrozzino Nicoletta Bruno Massimo Bergamasco 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2013,14(2):146-155
In the last few years the improved performances of graphics hardware and the growing availability of broadband internet connections have eventually led to effectively adding a third dimension to web interfaces, achieving what is commonly referred to as Web3D. Nevertheless, these technologies are not yet widespread, especially in the cultural sector, for at least two factors: technological limitations, mostly in the lack of coherent and effective metaphors to visualize and interact with digital cultural assets using the third-dimension as an added value rather than as a stylish gadget, and communication issues, as, despite the principles stated in the London Charter aimed at ensuring technical and intellectual rigor for the digital visualization of cultural heritage, a proper way to deal with relevant and sustainable 3D information is not yet completely established. For this reason this paper focuses on identifying and analyzing the aspects that may contribute to a more efficient use of Web3D technologies to access cultural content, in order to set up a set of development standards aiming to encourage web-based learning and guaranteeing systems accessible and usable by the widest possible audience. 相似文献
19.
Laura Chimenti Giuseppe Morici Alessandra Paternò Anna Bonanno Marcello Vultaggio Vincenzo Bellia 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):925-935
Abstract Runners have increased numbers of neutrophils in the airways at rest and after exercise compared with sedentary individuals. The aim of this study was to determine whether Mediterranean seasonal changes in temperature, humidity or airborne pollutants affect the airway cells of runners training outdoors in an urban environment. In nine male amateur runners, cell composition, apoptosis, and inflammatory mediators were measured in induced sputum collected at rest (baseline) and the morning after races held in the fall (21 km), winter (12 km), and summer (10 km). Concentrations of air pollutants were below the alert threshold at all times. Neutrophil differential counts tended to increase after all races (P = 0.055). Apoptosis of neutrophils increased with ozone (P < 0.005) and particulate matter <10 μm (PM10) (P < 0.05) exposure. Bronchial epithelial cell counts were low at all times and weakly correlated with ozone and PM10 concentrations. Apoptotic bronchial epithelial cells increased after all races (P < 0.05). Inflammatory mediators in induced sputum were low at baseline and after the races, and correlated with neutrophil differential counts only at rest. In conclusion, apoptosis of airway cells in runners appears to be affected by both exercise and environmental conditions. Apoptosis of neutrophils increased with exposure to environmental pollutants while apoptosis of bronchial epithelial cells increased after intense exercise. Since no relationship was observed between neutrophil counts and inflammatory mediators 20 h after races, airways inflammation at this time point appears blunted in healthy runners and little affected by exposure to mild seasonal changes and airborne pollutants. 相似文献
20.
In this study, we propose to model how intellectual capital (IC) attributes affect the performance of organizations operating in the performing arts sector, more specifically opera companies. In particular, the aim of this paper is twofold in that it seeks: (1) to analyze the role IC plays in performing arts organizations; and (2) to propose research hypotheses that suggest how IC affects the performance of these organizations. An in-depth qualitative approach was adopted. The research methodology deployed consists of a longitudinal case study of a major Italian opera house. The main findings of this study are two: (1) the identification of six attributes of IC that are deeply grounded in management theories and that make the definition of the IC construct more theoretically robust with respect to other studies that are less evidence-based; (2) the development of a model that shows how IC attributes affect the three different performance dimensions of performing arts organizations. 相似文献