A Mental Age-Matched Comparison Study of Delay of Gratification in Children with Down Syndrome     

Monica Cuskelly  Airong Zhang  Alan Hayes 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2003,50(3):239-251

The performance of 25 children with Down syndrome on delay of gratification tasks was compared with that of a mental age-matched group of typically developing children. Delay tasks included both other- and self-imposed tasks. Children with Down syndrome were significantly less able to delay gratification than the comparison group on two of the three tasks. Receptive language was associated with delay on the self-imposed task for the typically developing group but not for children with Down syndrome. It is hypothesised that there may be a lag in the development of self-regulation that is greater than the lag between chronological and mental age for children with Down syndrome, with expressive language playing a role in this lag. The practice of using mental age as the method for matching groups of children with Down syndrome with typically developing children is called into question by the results of this study.  相似文献   

Developmental and Intervention-Related Change in Autobiographical Memory Specificity in Maltreated Children: Indirect Effects of Maternal Reminiscing     

Kristin Valentino  Ruth Speidel  Monica Lawson 《Child development》2021,92(5):e977-e996

This study examined the development of autobiographical memory specificity (AMS) in a longitudinal randomized controlled trial of 242 maltreated and nonmaltreated children (aged 36–86 months; 50.4% male; 39.7% Black, 25.9% White, 34.5% Latinx/other) and their mothers. Half of the maltreated families were randomized to receive an intervention to improve maternal reminiscing. The effects of maltreatment and the intervention on children’s AMS via two indices of maternal reminiscing, sensitive guidance, and elaboration, were evaluated. Bidirectional associations between AMS and child maladjustment were also examined. Intervention-related improvement in maternal sensitive guidance 6-month postintervention (b* = .36) related to greater AMS among maltreated children 1 year later (b* = .19). These findings underscore the role of maternal sensitive guidance in facilitating AMS.  相似文献   

Attitudes and self-efficacy as significant predictors of intention of secondary school teachers towards the implementation of inclusive education in Ghana     

Opoku  Maxwell Peprah  Cuskelly  Monica  Pedersen  Scott J.  Rayner  Christopher S. 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2021,36(3):673-691

European Journal of Psychology of Education - The intention of teachers towards adopting inclusive practices is vital to determining teaching behaviour in classrooms. Although some previous studies...  相似文献   

An evaluation of adaptive filtering in the context of realistic task-based information exploration     

Daqing He  Peter Brusilovsky  Jaewook Ahn  Jonathan Grady  Rosta Farzan  Yefei Peng  Yiming Yang  Monica Rogati 《Information processing & management》2008

Exploratory search increasingly becomes an important research topic. Our interests focus on task-based information exploration, a specific type of exploratory search performed by a range of professional users, such as intelligence analysts. In this paper, we present an evaluation framework designed specifically for assessing and comparing performance of innovative information access tools created to support the work of intelligence analysts in the context of task-based information exploration. The motivation for the development of this framework came from our needs for testing systems in task-based information exploration, which cannot be satisfied by existing frameworks. The new framework is closely tied with the kind of tasks that intelligence analysts perform: complex, dynamic, and multiple facets and multiple stages. It views the user rather than the information system as the center of the evaluation, and examines how well users are served by the systems in their tasks. The evaluation framework examines the support of the systems at users’ major information access stages, such as information foraging and sense-making. The framework is accompanied by a reference test collection that has 18 tasks scenarios and corresponding passage-level ground truth annotations. To demonstrate the usage of the framework and the reference test collection, we present a specific evaluation study on CAFÉ, an adaptive filtering engine designed for supporting task-based information exploration. This study is a successful use case of the framework, and the study indeed revealed various aspects of the information systems and their roles in supporting task-based information exploration.  相似文献   

Twenty Years and Going Strong‐‐the Down Syndrome Research Program at the Fred and Eleanor Schonell Special Education Research Centre     

Anne Jobling  Monica Cuskelly 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1998,45(3):245-247

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Microsaccades and interest areas during free-viewing sport task     

Alessandro Piras  Milena Raffi  Monica Perazzolo  Ivan Malagoli Lanzoni  Salvatore Squatrito 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(9):980-987

Microsaccades are important fixation eye movements for visual scene perception. Compared to novices, athletes make fewer fixations of longer duration toward limited interest areas crucial for action prediction. Thus, our aim was to study the microsaccade features during those fixations. Gaze behaviour of expert and novice table tennis players was recorder during a task in which subjects were instructed to predict the direction of the ball after the opponent’s throw. Three interest areas from the opponent’s body and one from the ball trajectory were identified. We analysed correctness of predictions, fixations, microsaccades and saccades to estimate the relationship between eye movements toward interest areas and success in the task. Compared to novices, experts fixated more on hand-racket during forehand and on trunk during backhand drive technique. Longer fixations on hand-racket and trunk were associated with higher microsaccade rate with a narrower directional distribution of them. It probably means that athletes focused their gaze on these small areas, suggesting enhanced attention mainly to them, and fewer consideration for the surrounding regions. We can assume that microsaccade rate and average direction could be related to the salience of interest areas during performance.  相似文献   

Clinical information seeking in traumatic brain injury: a survey of Veterans Health Administration polytrauma care team members          下载免费PDF全文

Timothy Hogan  Rachael Martinez  Charlesnika Evans  Karen Saban  Eric Proescher  Monica Steiner  Bridget Smith 《Health information and libraries journal》2018,35(1):38-49

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Mapping points of interest: an analysis of students’ engagement with digital primary sources     

Monica D. T. Rysavy  Kevin Hunt 《The American journal of distance education》2018,32(3):202-216

ABSTRACT

The Digital Archival Advertisements Survey Process (DAASP) model is a collaborative active learning exercise designed to aid students in evaluating primary source documents of print-based advertisements. By deploying DAASP, the researchers were able to assess the students’ ability to evaluate their biases of the advertisements in a first-year composition course. This research attempts to answer the following research question: Do students perceive heatmap-centered collaboration as helpful with their evaluation of library-licensed digital primary sources? This research explored students’ experiences interacting with and reflecting on archival advertisements (mid-twentieth century) in a first-year composition class in Fall 2017 utilizing the DAASP model.  相似文献   

Prejudice and Inclusiveness in Adolescence: The Role of Social Dominance Orientation and Multiple Categorization     

Flavia Albarello  Elisabetta Crocetti  Monica Rubini 《Child development》2020,91(4):1183-1202

This study examined the relations of multiple categorization and social dominance orientation with adolescents’ prejudice against migrants and identification with the human group over time. Participants were 304 Northern-Italian late adolescents (61.84% female, M_age = 17.49) involved in a three-wave longitudinal study (with 3 months interval between waves). Results showed that multiple categorization was negatively linked to prejudice at a later time, whereas social dominance orientation was positively associated with it; prejudice also negatively affected multiple categorization and positively affected social dominance orientation at a later time. Moreover, prejudice mediated the effects of multiple categorization and social dominance orientation on human identification. These findings have important implications suggesting the construens effect of multiple categorization for enhancing social inclusiveness.  相似文献   

Whose banner are we waving? Exploring STEM partnerships for marginalized urban youth     

Monica L. Ridgeway  Randy K. Yerrick 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2018,13(1):59-84

This case study examines after school programming in citizen science from the perspective of Critical Race Theory. During the course of enacting community outreach projects this data was used to examine the positioning of experts, student, and teachers within the program. This study explores the role of race and ethnicity, and the ways in which marginalization can manifest itself with black urban youth and teachers. Implications for partner selection and training are addressed.  相似文献