PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF ADULTS AS OBSERVED IN CHILDREN'S LITERATURE     

Patricia A. Storck  Marion B. Cutler 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(3):293-300

The 37 Caldecott Medal award‐winning children's books and 129 runner‐up books were subjected to a content analysis in order to evaluate the portrayal of adults in children's literature, both fictional and nonfictional. Of the total 166 books analyzed, 43 were excluded from the data because they contained no adult portrayals. For the 123 books subjected to final content analysis, and the 751 characters contained in these books, the data revealed statistically significant differences on four variables: (1) more male than female adults were represented; (2) more healthy than physically handicapped adults were portrayed; (3) more positive than negative or neutral illustrations of adults occurred; (4) adults were represented more in fictional than in nonfictional children's books. Results were interpreted as demonstrating that children's literature portrays neither adult figures nor adult life in a realistic manner.  相似文献   

Analyzing e-government research: Perspectives,philosophies, theories,methods, and practice     

Richard Heeks  Savita BailurAuthor Vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2007

In recent years, there has been rapid growth in the volume of research output on the topic of e-government. To understand this research better, we used content analysis of eighty-four papers in e-government-specific research outlets (two journals and one conference series). Our analytical focus took in five main aspects: perspectives on the impacts of e-government, research philosophy, use of theory, methodology and method, and practical recommendations. Normative evaluation identified some positive features, such as recognition of contextual factors beyond technology, and a diversity of referent domains and ideas. Alongside this, though, research draws mainly from a weak or confused positivism and is dominated by over-optimistic, a-theoretical work that has done little to accumulate either knowledge or practical guidance for e-government. Worse, there is a lack of clarity and lack of rigor about research methods alongside poor treatment of generalization. We suggest ways of strengthening e-government research but also draw out some deeper issues, such as the role of research philosophy and theory, and the institutional factors – particularly pressures of competition and time – that may constrain development of e-government as a research field.  相似文献   

The telecommunications content of state public utility commission Web sites: Remaining relevant in a changing marketplace     

Phyllis Bernt  Lawrence WoodAuthor VitaeCarol TingAuthor Vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2007

The role and continued relevance of state telecommunications regulators have been challenged by the development of competition, the introduction of new technologies, and the increasing dominance of federal authority. An important role that state utility commissions can play in the current telecommunications environment is to provide consumer education and information about consumer protection, competition, and universal service. Commissions can use their Web sites as effective tools in educating and informing consumers. This study analyzes the consumer-related telecommunications information included on the Web sites of the commissions in the 50 states and the District of Columbia to determine whether, and how well, state commissions are using their Web sites to educate and inform.  相似文献   

Kidnapped     

Patricia Beer 《Children‘s Literature in Education》1983,14(1):54-62

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Evaluation of evidence-based medicine search skills in the clinical years     

Linton AM  Wilson PH  Gomes A  Abate L  Mintz M 《Medical reference services quarterly》2004,23(2):21-31

The librarians of the Health Sciences Library worked with the director of the Primary Care Clerkship to reinforce the principles of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) searching, taught during the first two years of medical school, through an intensive workshop. The purpose of the program was to ensure that students apply EBM principles in a timely and effective manner in clinical situations. Working in teams led by a resident and librarian, students researched real cases and then evaluated the effectiveness of their approach to the problems. This paper outlines the rationale for the team approach, reviews the administration of a computer-based workshop, and discusses the evaluation process. Evaluation focused on both the current workshop and its implications for the informatics program presented to students during years one and two.  相似文献   

Using focus groups to guide development of a public health Web site     

Henner TA  Charles P 《Medical reference services quarterly》2002,21(4):15-22

This paper explores a project funded through the National Network of Libraries of Medicine to enhance effective use of the Internet by public health professionals. The processes and outcome of an effort to develop a statewide Web site for public health professionals are described. A series of focus groups was conducted as a preliminary data-gathering tool to evaluate the information needs of the target population. Results of the focus group provided a valuable framework upon which to build a successful schema for Web site development.  相似文献   

Natural Standard--new integrative medicine database     

Tomasulo P 《Medical reference services quarterly》2003,22(3):33-38

Natural Standard is a new and extremely easy-to-use database consisting of comprehensive evidence-based medicine monographs, and also news brief's on the subject of complementary/alternative medicine therapies. It does not yet contain a huge amount of material, but it is updated frequently, and new information is continuously added. The focus is on the therapeutic "bottom line" of treatment safety and effectiveness. Dosing, Precautions/Adverse Effects, Pregnancy/Lactation Data, and Interactions information is all clearly displayed along with a "Review of the Evidence" table and a discussion summarizing the overall therapeutic value of the treatment modality.  相似文献   

Feminizing Science: The Alchemy of Title IX     

Patricia Hausman 《Academic Questions》2008,21(4):392-408

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Impact of censorship cases on basal reader selection and reading curriculum     

Patricia P. Fritchie 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1989,5(2):65-70

Censorship cases in Florida, Alabama, and Tennessee received international media attention. The events surrounding these cases at times became very violent and involved many methods of personal and professional intimidation. Informal survey techniques were used to assess the extent to which these cases would affect the local selection of basal reading textbooks. The results are reported here, along with recommendations for teachers publishers, and others interested in intellectual freedom. Patricia P. Fritchie is associate professor of education and director of the Reading Center at Troy State University-Dothan. She serves as state coordinator, Alabama Reading Association, for the International Reading Association. Dr. Fritchie is very active in textbook reviews and has served on the State of Alabama's Textbook adoption Committee.  相似文献   

Developing a comprehensive model of risk and protective factors that can predict spelling at age seven: findings from a community sample of Victorian children     

Tanya Anne Serry  Anne Castles  Fiona K. Mensah  Edith L. Bavin  Patricia Eadie  Angela Pezic 《Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties》2015,20(1):83-102

The paper reports on a study designed to develop a risk model that can best predict single-word spelling in seven-year-old children when they were aged 4 and 5. Test measures, personal characteristics and environmental influences were all considered as variables from a community sample of 971 children. Strong concurrent correlations were found between single-word spelling and single-word reading while expressive language and, to a lesser extent, receptive language were less strongly correlated. Predictors of single-word spelling at ages 4 and 5 were dominated by child-related factors such as letter knowledge, a history of speech impairment and expressive language along with maternal word reading ability. Based on the strength of the predictive factors identified at both age 4 and 5, our results provide initial support for using a targeted model for screening pre-schoolers at risk of not mastering spelling in a timely manner.  相似文献