Effects of explicit rules in learning to spell open- and closed-syllable words     

Maartje Hilte  Pieter Reitsma 《Learning and Instruction》2011,21(1):34-45

Second graders (N = 222; 7.7 years of age) practiced with open- and closed-syllable words in a computer-assisted training program and appropriate spelling rules were either explicitly provided during practice or not. Also, children practiced either with a small set of exemplars or with a large set; the latter condition was expected to promote the use of rules. A control group consisting of 209 second graders, who did not practice in the computer-assisted training program, was also included in the study. Learning effects of practice were established by testing the spelling of practiced words, as well as novel transfer words, in pre-, post-, and retention tests. The results in the posttest showed that with a large set of exemplars during practice explicitly provided spelling rules are supportive for learning to spell novel words but no further effects of explicit rules were found, either for practiced words or in the retention test.  相似文献   

David Kember and Paul Ginns: Evaluating teaching and learning. A practical handbook for colleges, universities and the scholarship of teaching     

Pieter Spooren 《Higher Education》2013,66(3):375-377

  相似文献   

Unraveling the digital divide: Time well spent or “wasted”?     

Alnaaz Kassam  Marie Iding  Pieter Hogenbirk 《Education and Information Technologies》2013,18(2):215-221

  相似文献   

Effects of Individualised Feedback and Instruction on Effort Attributions,Ability Attributions and Spelling Achievement     

Jan Pieter van Oudenhoven  Frans Siero  Peter Veen  Jan Withag 《Educational studies》1983,9(2):105-113

  相似文献   

QUALITY CONTROL IN HIGHER EDUCATION: THE AMOS‐SYSTEM     

Pieter J. D. Drenth 《Higher Education in Europe》1987,12(4):23-32

With the adoption in 1982 of the “Law of the Two‐Phase Structure”, which led to the restructuring of Dutch higher education and set strict time limits for the earning of degrees, both the universities and their students were required to increase their efficiency. One result has been that the universities have had to increasingly compete among themselves vis‐à‐vis the Dutch Ministry of Education for scarce resources, but at the same time, to cooperate among themselves and to take various corrective actions voluntarily so as to avoid having them imposed from above by the Ministry. One result of this new situation is the understanding that a system of external evaluation of given universities and programmes is needed. The Association of Cooperating Dutch Universities (VSNU) is elaborating a system of external quality control. The Ministry of Education through its Inspectorate already has the means at hand to conduct assessments. The proper way for individual universities to face the prospect of external evaluation, the author argues, is for them to create their own systems of internal evaluation. Such a system, the ‘Analysis Model pertaining to the Quality of Education in Faculties’ (the AMOS model according to its Dutch acronym), was developed at the Free University of Amsterdam. The remainder of this article describes the underlying philosophy, structure, and functioning of the AMOS system  相似文献   

The societal impact of the emerging quantum technologies: a renewed urgency to make quantum theory understandable     

Pieter?E.?VermaasEmail author 《Ethics and Information Technology》2017,19(4):241-246

  相似文献   

The effects of contingent feedback on perceived control and performance     

Frans Siero  Jan Pieter van Oudenhoven 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1995,10(1):13-24

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact on students’ performance of three contingent feedback strategies used by teachers. Contigency means that the feedback strongly corresponds with task behaviour that can be controlled by the students. Elementary school students (N=296) received individualized feedback about their performance during a series of five lessons. Within this contingent feedback structure, three strategies were applied which were assumed to enhance the perceived controllability of the task situation: (1) enhancing the perceptibility of the contingency between feedback and task behavior; (2) explicit reference to effort as part of the feedback, and (3) setting of goals. As predicted, the three contingent feedback strategies had a significant positive effect on perceived controllability, and led to better task performance.  相似文献   

Guest Editorial     

Pieter Licht  Fred Brinkman  Hans Vonk 《欧洲师范教育杂志》1991,14(1):5-8

  相似文献   

Three dimensional musculoskeletal modelling of the seated biceps curl resistance training exercise     

Kim Nolte  Pieter E. Krüger  P. Schalk Els 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(2):146-160

The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits and limitations of using three dimensional (3D) musculoskeletal modelling (LifeModeler?) in assessing the safety and efficacy of exercising on a seated biceps curl resistance training machine. Three anthropometric cases were studied, representing a 5^th percentile female, 50^th percentile and 95^th percentile male. Results indicated that the LifeModeler? default model was not adequate to solve the forward dynamics simulations. Therefore adjustments had to be made to the default model to successfully complete the forward dynamics simulations. The software was able to sufficiently highlight the shortcomings of the biceps curl machine's engineered adjustability in relation to the anthropometric dimensions of the studied cases, as the 5^th percentile female could not be accommodated suitably on the machine. High lumbar spine anterior/posterior shear forces for all anthropometric cases and maximum muscle tensions for the female and 50^th percentile male indicate that the seated biceps curl exercise may pose risks for injuries. To conclude, it appears that 3D musculoskeletal modelling can be used to evaluate resistance training equipment such as the seated biceps curl machine. However the limitations as indicated by this study must be taken into consideration, especially when using the default LifeModeler? model.  相似文献   

Electromyography and the study of sports movements: A review     

Jan Pieter Clarys  Jan Cabri 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):379-448

Within electromyography (EMG), a particular speciality has been developed wherein the aim is to use EMG for the study of muscular function and co‐ordination. This area of research is usually called kinesiological EMG. The general aims of kinesiological EMG are to analyse the function and co‐ordination of muscles in different movements and postures, in healthy subjects as well as in the disabled, in skilled actions as well as during training, in humans as well as in animals, under laboratory conditions as well as during daily or vocational activities. This is often done by a combination of electromyographical and kinesiological or biomechanical measurement techniques.

Because there are over 400 skeletal muscles in the human body and both irregular and complex involvement of the muscles may occur in neuromuscular diseases and in voluntary occupational or sports movements, it is impossible to sample all of the muscles of the entire body during the performance of complex motor skills. In addition, the measurement of kinesiological EMG in sport and specific field circumstances, such as the track and/or soccer field, the alpine ski slope, the swimming pool and the ice rink, demands a specific technological and methodological approach, adaptable to both the field and the sport circumstances.

Sport movement techniques and skills, training approaches and methods, ergonomic verification of the human‐machine interaction have, amongst others, a highly specialized muscular activity in common. The knowledge of such muscular action in all its aspects, its evaluation and its feedback should allow for the optimization of movement, of sports materials, of training possibilities and, in the end, of sports performance.

Drawing conclusions from a review of the EMG research of 32 sports, covering over 100 different complex skills, including methodological approaches, is an impossible task. We have attempted to set standards concerning the EMG methodology at the beginning of this review. Electromyography and sports is a vast area and a complete review is impossible, as information will be found scattered in many different journals, including those on the sports sciences, ergonomics, biomechanics, applied physiology, in different congress proceedings, and so on. Consequently, many important aspects and possibly important publications may have been omitted from this review.  相似文献