生物学教科书中的错误和概念不正确：细胞生理学     

Store.  R 朱善良 《生物学教学》1993,(4):4-7

本文是关于教科书中的错误和概念不正确以及过时提法的系列文章中的第五篇,供中学和大学普通生物学课程教师阅读。第一篇是关于光合作用的、第二篇关于细胞结构、第三篇关于细胞的新陈代谢、第四篇关于细胞能力学。写作这一系列文章的目的以前曾作过说明。本文讨论教科书中有关细胞功能方面常被误解、或被忽略的问题。  相似文献   

英国《化学习题精选》(一)     

J.R.L.Swain  J.S.Charke  张伟敏 《化学教学》1981,(4)

《化学习题精选》是英国中学化学教师为学生提供复习和提高作业质量而编的。它的特点有:1.围绕题目编成一系列短小的问题。这些问题系按照英国现用的教材结构编写的;由浅入深,由易到难,逐步引导学生的学习兴趣;可在课内外用作讨论或练习之用。2.作者将各小题划分为三种类型:(1)知识性(以K表示),理解性(以C表示)及综合性(以H表示)。每小题都注明评分标准,用以了解学生的知识水平和分析问题、解决问题的能力。本书共有一百题,我们根据我国中学化学教学大纲的内容选译部分习题,供教师们参考、选用。选译习题中也略有超我国教材水平的,可作因材施教之用。习题的后面,附有用数字回答问题的答案。  相似文献   

亨利福特社区大学协作性教学方法     

Bailey  R  刘湘生 《职教译丛》2000,(4):30-32

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How Improve Your Teaching     

Charlatte·R·Petres 《教学与管理》1991,(6)

The avenue by which we Learn are differentSome people Learn throngh, hearing others throughseeing, antd Some use a combination of the two.However for many that isn't enough. They mustuse these ways plus speaking and writing. studiesShow that the stmost effective method of learning isto practice what has bbeenaquired. An ameia the trend. has moved from lecture toclass participation. Stu -- dents earn letter gradeswhen they have the opportunity to ask questions, toform Small discussion groups, to role play, to ex-press ideas in writing and in Song, and even to en-gage in games that are related to the lesson.  相似文献   

Disaster in the making     

Nowak R 《New scientist (1971)》2001,169(2273):4-5

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The etiology of mathematical self-evaluation and mathematics achievement: understanding the relationship using a cross-lagged twin study from age 9 to 12     

Luo YL  Kovas Y  Haworth CM  Plomin R 《Learning and individual differences》2011,21(6):710-718

The genetic and environmental origins of individual differences in mathematical self-evaluation over time and its association with later mathematics achievement were investigated in a UK sample of 2138 twin pairs at ages 9 and 12. Self-evaluation indexed how good children think they are at mathematical activities and how much they like those activities. Mathematics achievement was assessed by teachers based on UK National Curriculum standards. At both ages self-evaluation was approximately 40% heritable, with the rest of the variance explained by non-shared environment. The results also suggested moderate reciprocal associations between self-evaluation and mathematics achievement across time, with earlier self-evaluation predicting later performance and earlier performance predicting later self-evaluation. These cross-lagged relationships were genetically rather than environmentally mediated.  相似文献   

The comprehension and production of Wh-questions in deaf and hard-of-hearing children     

Friedmann N  Szterman R 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2011,16(2):212-235

Hearing loss during the critical period for language acquisition restricts spoken language input. This input limitation, in turn, may hamper syntactic development. This study examined the comprehension, production, and repetition of Wh-questions in deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH) children. The participants were 11 orally trained Hebrew-speaking children aged 9.1-12.4 with moderate-to-profound hearing loss from birth, who consistently used hearing aids or cochlear implants and who had difficulties understanding relative clauses. Experiment 1 tested the comprehension of Wh-questions using a picture selection task, comparing subject with object questions and who- with which-questions; Experiment 2 tested the production of subject and object who-questions using an elicitation task; and Experiment 3 tested the repetition of Wh-questions and other structures derived by Wh-movement. All the DHH participants showed difficulty in the comprehension, production, and repetition of object questions, and their performance was significantly below that of hearing children. In contrast, they repeated embedded sentences without movement well, indicating that their deficit is in syntactic movement rather than embedding or the CP node in the syntactic tree. The results provide additional evidence that DHH children have difficulties with Wh-movement and emphasize that Wh-questions, which are crucial for communication, can be severely impaired in these children.  相似文献   

Stability in Mother-Child Interactions from Infancy through Adolescence     

Else-Quest NM  Clark R  Owen MT 《Parenting, science and practice》2011,11(4):280-287

OBJECTIVE: The current study examines homotypic stability in mother-child interactions, applying similar rating scales of mother-child interactions at 1 and 4.5 years, and heterotypic stability from 1 to 13 years and 4.5 to 13 years, using conceptually similar but not identical rating scales at age 13. DESIGN: We coded videotaped mother-child interactions in 202 families when children were 1, 4.5, and 13 years of age during age-appropriate and developmentally salient structured tasks for relationship quality. RESULTS: Multiple regression analyses controlled for the effects of child birth order and gender as well as maternal age and education. Maternal and dyadic, but not child, mother-child interaction qualities at 1 year significantly predicted similar or equivalent constructs at 4.5 and 13 years. Heterotypic stability from 1 to 13 years was partially or fully mediated by the same constructs at 4.5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal behaviors showed a pattern of homotypic and heterotypic stability, whereas dyadic behaviors were somewhat less stable. Child behaviors showed evidence of both homotypic and heterotypic instability.  相似文献   

Reporting child abuse: pediatricians' experiences with the child protection system     

Vulliamy AP  Sullivan R 《Child abuse & neglect》2000,24(11):1461-1470

OBJECTIVE: To explore pediatricians' reluctance to adhere to a legal mandate to report suspected child abuse and to compare their perspectives with those described in other jurisdictions in studies informed by different theories and employing diverse methodologies. METHOD: An anonymous survey questionnaire was distributed to all pediatricians with admitting privileges to B.C. Children's Hospital which has a specialized Child Protection Services Unit. Physicians were asked about their own prior reporting experience and the influence of that experience upon future reporting decisions. They were also asked why they think other physicians might be reluctant to report (N = 26). RESULTS: While respondents were generally positive about their experience in filing a report to Child Protective Services, they were less positive about the dearth of feedback they received and they were undecided as to whether there was a positive outcome to their report. Their perceptions of the reasons colleagues might fail to report emphasized dissatisfaction with CPS, concern with loss of relationship with the child's parents, and a desire to avoid court proceedings. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians' noncompliance or at least dissatisfaction with their child abuse reporting mandate is an international problem that can not be addressed by institutional protocols alone. Confusions about the limitations on confidentiality and information sharing might be better addressed through more shared training and opportunities for collaboration than by legal mandates and institutional protocols alone. Organizational theory and exchange theory might inform future research about the conditions under which collaboration is enhanced in the service of protecting children.  相似文献   

政治基本原理、人类发展理论与教育实践     

R·默里·托马斯  彭钢 《教育理论与实践》1988,(6)

要理解一个社会教育实践的发展,必须通过分析政治基本原理、人类发展理论和教育进程是如何相互作用的。“政治基本原理”是一种提出并证明某种政治体制合理性的观点。“人类发展理论”这一短语意指关于人们怎样扩展他的生活广度的一系列信念。每一种政治体制都建立在一种人类发展理论基础之上。我们把“教育实践”这个概念看作:在某一社会中,按照一种需要的形式,为塑造人的发展而有意识地采取的方法。此外,还须认识四种类型的理论:描述性的、潜在性的、或然性的和指令性的。描述性的理论试图阐明关于人类发展过程的经验主义观念。这种理论回答这样的问题:为什么人们采取了他们所希望的方式发展?相反,潜在  相似文献