Examining the relationship among student perception of support, course satisfaction, and learning outcomes in online learning     

Sang Joon Lee  Sandhya Srinivasan  Trudian Trail  David Lewis  Samantha Lopez 《The Internet and Higher Education》2011,14(3):158-163

Support for student learning is a key element in optimizing student learning experiences in any learning environment and its importance has been widely discussed. This study looked at student support, particularly in the course context, focusing mainly on guidance provided to students within a course. Three categories of support were identified and used for the purpose of this study: instructional, peer, and technical support. A total of 110 students completed an online survey on students' perceptions of support and course satisfaction in an undergraduate online course at a large southeastern university. The results showed perceived support was significantly related to their overall satisfaction of the online course. The findings of this study suggest that teachers should communicate what types of support are available to students and provide an easy way of accessing and taking advantage of the support.  相似文献   

Colored polydimethylsiloxane micropillar arrays for high throughput measurements of forces applied by genetic model organisms     

Siddharth M. Khare  Anjali Awasthi  V. Venkataraman  Sandhya P. Koushika 《Biomicrofluidics》2015,9(1)

Measuring forces applied by multi-cellular organisms is valuable in investigating biomechanics of their locomotion. Several technologies have been developed to measure such forces, for example, strain gauges, micro-machined sensors, and calibrated cantilevers. We introduce an innovative combination of techniques as a high throughput screening tool to assess forces applied by multiple genetic model organisms. First, we fabricated colored Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micropillars where the color enhances contrast making it easier to detect and track pillar displacement driven by the organism. Second, we developed a semi-automated graphical user interface to analyze the images for pillar displacement, thus reducing the analysis time for each animal to minutes. The addition of color reduced the Young''s modulus of PDMS. Therefore, the dye-PDMS composite was characterized using Yeoh''s hyperelastic model and the pillars were calibrated using a silicon based force sensor. We used our device to measure forces exerted by wild type and mutant Caenorhabditis elegans moving on an agarose surface. Wild type C. elegans exert an average force of ∼1 μN on an individual pillar and a total average force of ∼7.68 μN. We show that the middle of C. elegans exerts more force than its extremities. We find that C. elegans mutants with defective body wall muscles apply significantly lower force on individual pillars, while mutants defective in sensing externally applied mechanical forces still apply the same average force per pillar compared to wild type animals. Average forces applied per pillar are independent of the length, diameter, or cuticle stiffness of the animal. We also used the device to measure, for the first time, forces applied by Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Peristaltic waves occurred at 0.4 Hz applying an average force of ∼1.58 μN on a single pillar. Our colored microfluidic device along with its displacement tracking software allows us to measure forces applied by multiple model organisms that crawl or slither to travel through their environment.  相似文献   

Hypoxia-Induced Inflammatory Chemokines in Subjects with a History of High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema     

K. P. Mishra  Navita Sharma  Poonam Soree  R. K. Gupta  Lilly Ganju  S. B. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(1):81-86

High altitude hypoxia is known to induce an inflammatory response in immune cells. Hypoxia induced inflammatory chemokines may contribute to the development of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) by causing damage to the lung endothelial cells and thereby capillary leakage. In the present study, we were interested to know whether chronic inflammation may contribute to HAPE susceptibility. We examined the serum levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 in group (1) HAPE Susceptible subjects (n = 20) who had past history of HAPE and group (2) Control (n = 18) consist of subjects who had stayed at high altitude for 2 years without any history of HAPE. The data obtained confirmed that circulating MCP-1, MIP-1α were significantly upregulated in HAPE-S individuals as compared to the controls suggestive of chronic inflammation. However, it is not certain whether chronic inflammation is cause or consequence of previous episode of HAPE. The moderate systemic increase of these inflammatory markers may reflect considerable local inflammation. The existence of enhanced level of inflammatory chemokines found in this study support the hypothesis that subjects with past history of HAPE have higher baseline chronic inflammation which may contribute to HAPE susceptibility.  相似文献   

Serum calcium measurement: Total versus free (ionized) calcium     

Laxmayya Sava  Sandhya Pillai  Umesh More  Alka Sontakke 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(2):158-161

Measurement of serum free (ionized) calcium (Ca⁺⁺) reflects true calcium status of the body in health and disease. Present study evaluates efficacy of Ca⁺⁺ over total calcium (CaT) in serum for calcium status. 52 subjects were enrolled for study. Anaerobic fasting blood sample for Ca⁺⁺ measurement and autoclaved plain bulb for estimation of CaT, Total protein (TP) and Albumin was used. CaT, Corrected CaT, Ca⁺⁺, Calculated Ca⁺⁺ were measured and correlated. Corrected CaT and calculated Ca⁺⁺ were derived from the measured parameters. Study group showed significant difference between CaT and corrected CaT (p<0.006), Ca⁺⁺ and calculated Ca⁺⁺ (p<0.001). Negligible correlation was observed between Ca⁺⁺ and serum protein. Positive correlation was observed between CaT and calculated Ca⁺⁺, TP and albumin. Findings indicate that Ca⁺⁺ levels are independent of serum protein status. With scrupulous sampling, Ca⁺⁺ may be a better parameter than presently used CaT for assessing calcium status in serum.  相似文献   

Oxidised LDL, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol levels in patients of coronary artery disease     

Joya Ghosh  T. K. Mishra  Y. N. Rao  S. K. Aggarwal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):181-184

Coronary artery disease is a major cause of morbidity and has various risk factors. Lipid profile i.e. low HDL-cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol, high total cholesterol, high triglycerides playing important role in its causation. Recently interest has been shown in the oxidized fraction of LDL as one of the risk factors. In the present study 60 age and sex matched normal healthy individuals were taken as controls and 60 patients of CAD were taken. Cholesterol was measured by enzymatic method, HDL cholesterol by phosphotungstate precipitation method. Serum levels of LDL fraction of cholesterol was measured by a new and simpler method of precipitation. Result was expressed as mol/L of diene conjugates. It was observed that LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, total cholesterol: HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol: HDL cholesterol were significantly raised and HDL cholesterol was significantly low in patients. (p<0.001). Though HDL cholesterol was significantly raised in females as compared to males in both the groups (p<0.001). Serum level of total cholesterol, oxidized LDL:HDL cholesterol were also raised significantly (p<0.05). The level of oxidized LDL showed an increasing trend in patients.  相似文献   

Evaluation of adenosine deaminase activity and lipid peroxidation levels in diabetes mellitus     

Anjali C. Warrier  Narasimha Y. Rao  Devdutta S. Kulpati  Tarun K. Mishra  Bhaskar C. Kabi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1995,10(1):9-13

There was increase in erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in red blood cells (RBC's), white blood cells (WBC's) and plasma, in 30 patients of confirmed diabetes mellitus, 10 each of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM or type I), non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or type II) and diabetes with ketoacidosis when compared with 20 healthy individuals (controls). Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c%, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and glycerol levels were also elevated in all the cases when compared with controls. The increase was more in diabetic ketoacidosis group. Significant positive correlations were seen between erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and ADA activities in RBC's, WBC's and plasma. It is suggested that decreased tissue adenosine levels due to increase in ADA activity, is related to the severity of hyperglycemia and lipid peroxidation in diabetes mellitus.  相似文献   

Education as Humanism of the Other     

Aparna Mishra  Tarc 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2005,37(6):833-849

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Cognitive processes underlying WISC-R performance of gifted and learning disabled navajos     

Shitala P. Mishra  Jan Lord  Darrell L. Sabers 《Psychology in the schools》1989,26(1):31-36

The purpose of this study was to provide an empirical basis for the interpretation of the WISC-R performance of Navajo children according to the Luria-Das Model of Simultaneous and Successive cognitive processes. Two groups of Native American Navajo subjects, 45 learning disabled and 41 gifted, were given the WISC-R. The scores on those subtests expected to involve Successive and Simultaneous processes were factor analyzed for each group and two factors were extracted. The factors, essentially similar for both samples, were interpreted to reflect the Successive and the Simultaneous modes of processing information as suggested by the Luria-Das Model. The gifted and learning disabled children had disparate loadings for some of the subtests, suggesting that the two groups may be using distinct modes of coding information.  相似文献   

Effects of examiners' prior knowledge of subjects' ethnicity and intelligence on the scoring of responses to the Stanford-Binet scale     

Shitala P. Mishra 《Psychology in the schools》1983,20(2):133-136

The study examined the degree to which scoring of responses to the Stanford-Binet test items might be influenced by the examiner's prior knowledge of subjects' ethnicity and IQ. Thirty-six actual Stanford-Binet protocols of subjects ranging in age from 5 to 8 years were divided into four groups. The matched sets of protocols were then assigned to four groups of examiners for the purposes of scoring. The protocols, representing varying ability levels, were scored in a counterbalanced order. Each group of three examiners, varying in the amount of information about the subjects' ethnicity and IQ, scored the protocols. Results obtained from a 4 × 3 repeated measures analysis of variance suggested that obtained IQs by the four groups of scorers were found to be similar, indicating no bias in the process of scoring Stanford-Binet protocols.  相似文献   

Validity of WISC-R IQS and factor scores in predicting achievement for Mexican-American children     

Shitala P. Mishra 《Psychology in the schools》1983,20(4):442-444

The predictive validity of the WISC-R IQs and factor scores was examined with a sample of 64 Mexican-American children. All the correlations among the WISC-R factor scores and academic achievement as measured by the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT) were found to be low, ranging from .09 to .31. Significant relationships were observed only between WRAT Reading and Perceptual Organization (PO) factor, WRAT Arithmetic and PO factor, and Freedom from Distractibility (FD) factor and WRAT Arithmetic scores. In contrast to this, however, significant relationships were observed between IQ scores and achievement measures, suggesting predictive utility of the WISC-R IQs in predicting achievement for Mexican-American children.  相似文献