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11.
Sjöberg, L. & Drottz, B.‐M. 1983. Interests in School Subject and Vocational Preference. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 27, 165‐182. A group of Swedish high school students rated their interests in school subject areas. Interests were related to perceived effort, ability as regards grades and vocational preferences as well as to perceived job market prospects in the vocations. It was found that interests could be well accounted for by the logical appeal of the subject areas and, to some extent, by their practical value. Interests were related to perceived ability and to perceived effort in structural model analyses applied to intercorrelations. Vocational preferences were only weakly related to interests in subject areas, though most students stated that their choices were based on ‘interest’. Preferences among vocations were correlated especially with individual job market prospects. 相似文献
12.
Karina Nygren Urban Janlert Lennart Nygren 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(5):526-543
This paper aimed at examining the barriers to and facilitators of disseminating and utilizing the results of a local Swedish school survey. Interviews with 21 school district managers/principals were performed. Results showed that dissemination and utilization of local survey data appeared as two interrelated processes. With those processes, various barriers and facilitators were mentioned. The barriers and facilitators were not merely the opposites of each other; instead they qualitatively differed from each other depending on what phase in the process the manager/principal referred to. The results also showed that the dissemination phase was both a prerequisite for and interwoven with the utilization phase, e.g. dissemination efforts were important for how the survey results were utilized. 相似文献
13.
Internationalisation of higher education is a strategic theme in current research on higher education and policy debate. Both
at national and institutional levels, in many countries, internationalisation is stated to be an educational goal. However,
the dominant discourse on internationalisation of higher education in research and research-based discussions tends to be
framed by political, economic and organisational perspectives, rather than informed by educational considerations. There is
also a tendency to place internationalisation in higher education within the conceptual frame of economic globalisation and
the increasing trade in educational services worldwide. While such discussions may shed light on various organisational, political
or economic issues, this research does not give a pedagogical basis for the internationalisation of higher education in terms
of teaching and learning. In particular, questions relating to the internationalisation of content and learning outcomes need
to be addressed. A series of studies conducted in Sweden 1999–2007 by the authors indicates that the didactical realisation
of internationalisation as an educational goal can be very elusive. In our findings, the concrete content considered by teachers
and students to represent internationalisation did not follow any clear pattern or goal. Internationalisation was assumed
to be represented by some form of ‘general knowledge’ and general human qualities, without considering cultural differences.
Institutionalised curriculum thinking as a basis for developing internationalisation was lacking. Concrete thinking was very
much restricted to organisational and administrative aspects, and thoughts concerning content and learning outcomes tended
to be expressed in idealised and general terms, rather than developed into clarifying and useful specifications underpinned
by curriculum theory. Certain consequences ensuing from this situation are discussed, and a curriculum approach to internationalisation
of higher education is suggested. 相似文献
14.
The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of a new infrared light based method (IR40) for recording temporal stride patterns during treadmill running. The IR40 device, emitting a tight web of 40 infrared light beams 10 mm above the treadmill running surface, was compared to a previously
validated electro-pneumatic contact shoe (CS) method while nine well-trained athletes ran at 2.8, 3.3, 3.9, 4.4, 5.0, and
5.6 m s−1. Disconnection and reconnection of the IR beams marked the stance phase. The sampling rate was 500 Hz for both methods. The
stance phase duration was on average 11.5 (±8.4) ms longer with the IR40 than with the CS depending on earlier touch down (8.3 ± 6.2 ms) and delayed toe off (3.2 ± 5.3 ms) registrations. Significantly
different stance phases were recorded between all velocities and for both methods. Thus, despite the fact that the IR40 systematically measured a somewhat longer stance phase duration than CS, the IR40 is nonetheless useful for temporal stride analysis during treadmill running. 相似文献
15.
The aim of this study was to examine work-time profiles, blood lactate concentrations and perceived exertion among Greco-Roman wrestlers in the 1998 World Championship. Forty-two senior wrestlers from nine nations were studied in 94 matches. Each match was recorded with a video camera (Panasonic AG 455, film rate: 25 Hz) and analysed for duration of work (wrestling) and rest (interrupt) periods. Blood lactate concentration was determined with an electrochemical device (Analox P-LM5) and a rating of perceived exertion scale (Borg) was used to estimate general exertion and exertion in the extremity and trunk muscles. The mean duration of the matches was 427 s (range 324-535 s), with mean durations of work and rest of 317 and 110 s, respectively. The mean periods of work and rest were 37.2 and 13.8 s, respectively. Mean blood lactate concentration was 14.8 mmol x 1(-1) (range 6.9-20.6). The difference in mean blood lactate concentration between the first- and final-round matches was not significant (P > 0.05). Blood lactate concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.04) in matches of long duration than in those of short duration. The mean general rating of perceived exertion for all matches was 13.8 according to the scale used. Most of the wrestlers (53.3%) perceived exertion to be highest in the flexors of the forearm, followed by the deltoids (17.4%) and the biceps brachii muscles (12.0%). In addition to a relatively high rating of perceived exertion in the arm muscles, this indicates a high specific load on the flexor muscles of the forearm. 相似文献
16.
Lennart Jølle 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2020,64(2):283-299
ABSTRACTThis paper reports findings from a project called “The National Panel of Raters” (NPR) that took place within a writing test programme in Norway (2010–2016). A recent research project found individual differences between the raters in the NPR. This paper reports results from an explorative follow up-study where 63 NPR members were surveyed with 23 items that were dilemma-like in the sense that deviating from the NPR rules would follow another—but socially acceptable—rationale. Four NPR members participated in a follow-up interview in which they motivated why they had agreed or disagreed with certain items. The results indicate two distinctly different stances toward rating work, with one stance threatening the validity of the scoring process. 相似文献
17.
To help students acquire mathematics and science knowledge and competencies, educators typically use multiple external representations (MERs). There has been considerable interest in examining ways to present, sequence, and combine MERs. One prominent approach is the concreteness fading sequence, which posits that instruction should start with concrete representations and progress stepwise to representations that are more idealized. Various researchers have suggested that concreteness fading is a broadly applicable instructional approach. In this theoretical paper, we conceptually analyze examples of concreteness fading in the domains of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology and discuss its generalizability. We frame the analysis by defining and describing MERs and their use in educational settings. Then, we draw from theories of analogical and relational reasoning to scrutinize the possible cognitive processes related to learning with MERs. Our analysis suggests that concreteness fading may not be as generalizable as has been suggested. Two main reasons for this are discussed: (1) the types of representations and the relations between them differ across different domains, and (2) the instructional goals between domains and subsequent roles of the representations vary.
相似文献18.
This paper presents results from an interview investigation with teachers in Swedish nurse education especially interested
in internationalising the education. The aim has been to study teachers’ understandings and experiences of internationalisation
against the backdrop of the strong concern for internationalisation expressed in policy documents. The results are seen in
the context of globalisation, constraints to educational change, in a cultural perspective, and in relation to the need of
a curriculum theory. The teachers united the global, in the form of personal experiences of other countries and cultures,
with the national and local. Their experiences abroad were a basis for their interest in, and choice of content in, their
teaching, considered to represent internationalisation of the education. The teachers were interpreting internationalisation
in line with there understanding of nursing and the general approach to nursing in the education, without making any clear
distinction concerning what specifically was internationalisation. The teachers seem to represent an important resource in
internationalising the education. However, their understanding of and approach to internationalisation did not represent a
shared culture and there was no shared curriculum including a distinct understanding of internationalisation. This is seen
as a big challenge to both policy makers and teachers. 相似文献
19.
Benjamin D. Singer Svennik Hoyer Stig Hadenius Lennart Weibull 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(6):74-76
Benjamin D. Singer, ed. Communications in Canadian Society (Toronto: Copp Clark, 1975—price not given, paper) Svennik Hoyer, Stig Hadenius, and Lennart Weibull's The Politics and Exonomics of the Press: A Developmental Perspective (Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975—$2.50, paper) 相似文献
20.
Johnny Nilsson Sandor Csergö Lennart Gullstrand Per Tveit Per Egil Refsnes 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(11):939-945
The aim of this study was to examine work-time profiles, blood lactate concentrations and perceived exertion among Greco-Roman wrestlers in the 1998 World Championship. Forty-two senior wrestlers from nine nations were studied in 94 matches. Each match was recorded with a video camera (Panasonic AG 455, film rate: 25 Hz) and analysed for duration of work (wrestling) and rest (interrupt) periods. Blood lactate concentration was determined with an electrochemical device (Analox P-LM5) and a rating of perceived exertion scale (Borg) was used to estimate general exertion and exertion in the extremity and trunk muscles. The mean duration of the matches was 427 s (range 324-535 s), with mean durations of work and rest of 317 and 110 s, respectively. The mean periods of work and rest were 37.2 and 13.8 s, respectively. Mean blood lactate concentration was 14.8 mmol · l -1 (range 6.9-20.6). The difference in mean blood lactate concentration between the first- and final-round matches was not significant ( P > 0.05). Blood lactate concentration was significantly higher ( P ? 0.04) in matches of long duration than in those of short duration. The mean general rating of perceived exertion for all matches was 13.8 according to the scale used. Most of the wrestlers (53.3%) perceived exertion to be highest in the flexors of the forearm, followed by the deltoids (17.4%) and the biceps brachii muscles (12.0%). In addition to a relatively high rating of perceived exertion in the arm muscles, this indicates a high specific load on the flexor muscles of the forearm. 相似文献