SEMDS: An R Package for Structural Equation Multidimensional Scaling     

José Fernando Vera  Patrick Mair 《Structural equation modeling》2013,20(5):803-818

The aim of this article is to introduce the R package semds for structural equation multidimensional scaling. This methodology combines multidimensional scaling with latent variable features from structural equation modeling and is applicable to asymmetric and three-way input dissimilarity data. This key idea of this approach is that the input data are assumed to be imperfect measurements of a latent symmetric dissimilarity matrix. The parameter estimation is performed via an alternating least squares multidimensional scaling procedure that minimizes the stress. The latent dissimilarities are estimated as factor scores within a structural equation modeling framework. Applications shown in the article involve data associated with the banking crisis and data from avalanche research. The models fitted with the semds package are compared to related methods from multidimensional scaling. The R code to reproduce all the computations is provided in the supplementary materials.  相似文献   

Investigating Factorial Invariance of Latent Variables Across Populations When Manifest Variables Are Missing Completely     

Keith F. Widaman  Kevin J. Grimm  Dawnté R. Early  Richard W. Robins  Rand D. Conger 《Structural equation modeling》2013,20(3):384-408

Difficulties arise in multiple-group evaluations of factorial invariance if particular manifest variables are missing completely in certain groups. Ad hoc analytic alternatives can be used in such situations (e.g., deleting manifest variables), but some common approaches, such as multiple imputation, are not viable. At least 3 solutions to this problem are viable: analyzing differing sets of variables across groups, using pattern mixture approaches, and a new method using random number generation. The latter solution, proposed in this article, is to generate pseudo-random normal deviates for all observations for manifest variables that are missing completely in a given sample and then to specify multiple-group models in a way that respects the random nature of these values. An empirical example is presented in detail comparing the 3 approaches. The proposed solution can enable quantitative comparisons at the latent variable level between groups using programs that require the same number of manifest variables in each group.  相似文献   

THE INFLUENCE OF VYGOTSKY IN MOVIMENTO DA ESCOLA MODERN A EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION CURRICULUM IN PORTUGAL     

Maria Assuncao Folque 《Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education》2013,34(2):131-139

Abstract

The present study investigated specific teacher factors that potentially influence teacher‐child relationships with preschool‐age children. One demographic questionnaire and three rating scales were used to survey 152 head teachers of 3–6‐year‐old children in community‐based childcare and preschool centers in one mid‐western state. There were 46 teachers who reported on their relationship with a child with a disability or concerning developmental delay. Positive correlations were found between teacher‐child relationships and the teachers’ educational backgrounds, self‐reported teaching efficacy and parent‐teacher relationships. The parent‐teacher relationship appeared to be the strongest teacher‐related factor predicting the quality of teacher‐child relationships. Compared to other teachers, the teachers of children with delays or disabilities reported comparable parent‐teacher relationships and more positive teacher‐child relationships, especially when more than one child with concerns was reportedly enrolled in the classroom. Teachers with children who had developmental delays reported lower teaching efficacy scores. The role of parent‐teacher relationships is highlighted as a possible moderator when teachers feel less than capable or positive about individual children in their program.  相似文献   

Cómo mejorar la comprensión de textos en el aula     

Emilio Sánchez  José Orrantia  Javier Rosales 《Cultura y Educación》2013,25(14):89-112

¿Qué ocurre cuando un niño comprende o no comprende? ¿Cómo se explica psicológicamente el proceso de comprensión de un texto? Después de aportar una base a ese nivel, el autor construye sobre ella en este artículo un programa de instrucción para mejorar las habilidades de comprensión y un método de evaluación de esas habilidades.  相似文献   

Herramientas de autor para el desarrollo de software educativo     

José Luis Rodríguez 《Cultura y Educación》2013,25(13):111-124

La gran muralla del ordenador para los educadores ha sido que imponía el juego que Goethe achacaba a los matemáticos: lo traducen todo a su idioma y ya se trata de algo distinto inasequible para la generalidad de los mortales. La informática separaba a los educadores de la informática. Los lenguajes «de autor» que traducen las posibilidades del ordenador a pautas de acción expresadas en códigos sencillos y naturales y que sirven para producir cursos, lecciones o didácticas fácilmente, permiten por primera vez que el educador pase a ser protagonista y no el anfitrión de una visita inoportuna, del papel del ordenador en educación.  相似文献   

From the Editor     

Liliana Tolchinsky  Naymé Salas 《Cultura y Educación》2013,25(4):601-604

Resumen

Se repasan en este artículo las ideas convergentes en las tradiciones funcionalistas e histórico-cultural, cuya recuperación los autores consideran imprescindible para orientar adecuadamente la investigación y la actuación sobre el proceso educativo. Para ambas perspectivas, la actividad conjunta del organismo y el medio es constitutiva del desarrollo biológico y psíquico, por lo que el análisis y el diseño de la educación deben basarse en esa interrelación. Partiendo de este principio de interrelación se argumenta que algunos cambios en los sistemas y entornos de actividad pueden tener efectos negativos en el desarrollo del niño, por lo que se proponen algunos principios de los enfoques eco-funcional e histórico-cultural susceptibles de orientar la acción cultural y educativa en la sociedad actual.  相似文献   

Informing the public health     

G Birkenhead  MJ Grant 《Health information and libraries journal》2012,29(3):177-179

Why with an increase in the amount of health information, and ways of accessing it, so many people experience poor health? What is the role of health library and information professionals in improving public health? These questions are of great interest to me. There are many examples of initiatives, particularly in the public library sector, which address health issues, however they are often very local and best practice is not always shared. Clearly changing the health status of a population requires more than information, but information is clearly an essential component. If health information is to be effective in improving public health then we need to address health literacy, and this is where health library and information professionals can play a significant role. Through this journal and the other activities of the Health Libraries Group I hope we can share good practice and explore new ways that health library and information workers can improve the health of individuals and communities.  相似文献   

Erratum to “Transylvanian glass icons: A GC/MS study on the binding media” [J. Culher. (2012) doi:10.1016/j.culher.2012.10.009]     

Márta Júlia Guttmann  Anna Lluveras-Tenorio  Alessia Andreotti  Maria Perla Colombini  Luminiţa Silaghi-Dumitrescu  Olimpia Coman-Sipeanu 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2013,14(5):448

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Media Literacy and Universal Access in Europe     

Maria Sourbati 《The Information Society》2013,29(4):248-254

The promotion of media literacy as way of increasing access to the range of services available via today's media and communication technologies is currently an emphasis in Europe's information society policy debates. The notion of media literacy heralds a shift in the communications policy arena, especially with regard to media access as a policy goal. Taking into account the situated origins of the inherited regulatory concepts of access, this article argues that the way in which we operationalize media access must reflect how individuals engage with convergent electronic media services. It proposes a context- and user-sensitive approach, where the situation of media (non)users is assessed in terms of the technological and social infrastructure needed to support their access to particular media services.  相似文献   

Video as Digital Object: Production and Distribution of Video Content in the Internet Media Ecosystem     

Jannis Kallinikos  José-Carlos Mariátegui 《The Information Society》2013,29(5):281-294

The media industry is undergoing comprehensive change due to the shifting audience and consumption patterns fostered by the diffusion of the Internet. This article describes how these changes shape established practices of video production and redefine the cultural categories of video and broadcasting. Drawing on an empirical case study of the practices within the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), the we show the production of video content to be increasingly unbundled and broken down into several smaller processes, which make it possible to manage and recompose in a variety of ways that transcend established institutional divisions and cultural perceptions. At the same time and as a means of accommodating multiplatform content delivery, video distribution is acquiring flexible and mutating formats that further destabilize the perception of video as a self-sufficient cultural form. In this context, video metadata rises to be an important coordinative medium that provides the cognitive resources for identifying and managing video content within and across particular settings and the link through which the operations of media organizations become entangled with the technical landscape of the Internet.  相似文献