The effects of exercise in hypoxic and normoxic conditions on endothelin-1 and arterial compliance     

Giles LV  Warburton DE  Esch BT  Fedoruk MN  Rupert JL  Taunton JE 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(3):261-267

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of short-term normoxic and hypoxic exercise on plasma endothelin-1 and nitric oxide levels, and the relationship of arterial compliance and pulmonary artery pressure to endothelin-1. Seven endurance-trained males completed two incremental and two steady-state exercise tests performed at ventilatory threshold in normoxia and hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen = 0.14). Plasma endothelin-1was measured throughout steady-state tests. Arterial compliance using applanation tonometry, plasma nitric oxide and pulmonary artery pressure using Doppler echocardiography were measured before and after exercise. Small arterial compliance and pulmonary artery pressure significantly increased following exercise. There were no main effects of condition or time for plasma endothelin-1and nitric oxide levels. There were no significant relationships between plasma endothelin-1 and arterial compliance or pulmonary artery pressure. In conclusion, mechanisms other than the endothelial system may play a role in the exercise-induced changes in small artery compliance in this study population. Moderate hypoxia and a 30-minute steady-state exercise have limited effects on plasma endothelin-1 in endurance-trained males.  相似文献   

Effect of Ethanol and Ultrasound Pretreatments on Pineapple Convective Drying     

Lívia Dias Campêlo de Freitas  Shirley Clyde Rupert Brando  Joo Henrique Fernandes da Silva  Otidene Rossiter S da Rocha  Patrícia Moreira Azoubel 《Food Technology and Biotechnology》2021,59(2):209

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Performance Indicators as a Foundation of Institutional Autonomy: Implications for Higher Education Institutions in Europe     

Darrell R. Lewis  Lincoln Kallsen 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(3):203-226

There has developed moderate discussion in European higher education about the use of performance indicators for both accountability and evaluation purposes. This paper begins by summarizing governmental expectations, institutional objections, and several of the controversies surrounding performance measures. We then report on using performance indicators for both external accountability and strategic planning in a case study of a public research extensive university in the United States, including how the flows of resources and students have changed following the use of institutional performance measures in strategic planning.  相似文献   

Quality assurance of higher education in transition countries: Accreditation ‐ accountability and assessment     

Darwin D. Hendel  Darrell R. Lewis 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(3):239-258

Abstract

One issue facing countries in transition concerns how to ensure quality for a broader and more diverse set of institutions. Quality assurance processes (i.e. accreditation, accountability and assessment) have particular relevance today as higher education undergoes dramatic changes in countries in transition, as the world becomes more internationalised, and as private higher education institutions increase in number and enrol increasing numbers of students. Three questions emerge. Do differences among transition countries relative to central control prior to independence explain the current set of quality assurance mechanisms? Has the growth of private higher education in transition countries affected how quality assurance is conceptualised? Have quality assurance mechanisms been affected by the opening of branch campuses in transition countries?  相似文献   

Meeting special educational needs in infant classes: A discussion of evidence from HMI reports on individual schools     

Ann Lewis 《School Leadership & Management》2013,33(2):245-255

The debate over who in the family makes the selection of a preferred new school is an important one for many reasons. This paper presents some of the positions in that debate and attempts to resolve some of the apparent contradictions and anomalies in previous findings by using a new three step model of choice. This model clearly suggests that the reported role of both parents and children are susceptible to variations over time during the process of choice and that some of the differences discernible in previous studies may be due to this. In addition the model predicts that a simple division of families into 'alert' and 'inert' or 'disconnected' and 'privileged' or parent-centred and child-centred will not work in making sense of the complex micropolitics of choice in most families.  相似文献   

Translanguaging: origins and development from school to street and beyond     

Gwyn Lewis  Bryn Jones  Colin Baker 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2013,19(7):641-654

The article traces the Welsh origins of “translanguaging” from the 1980s to the recent global use, analysing the development and extension of the term. It suggests that the growing popularity of the term relates to a change in the way bilingualism and multilingualism have ideologically developed not only among academics but also amid changing politics and public understandings about bilingualism. The original pedagogic advantages of a planned use of translanguaging in pedagogy and dual literacy are joined by an extended conceptualisation that perceives translanguaging as a spontaneous, everyday way of making meaning, shaping experiences, and communication by bilinguals. A new conceptualisation of translanguaging is in brain activity where learning is through 2 languages. A tripartite distinction is suggested between classroom translanguaging, universal translanguaging, and neurolinguistic translanguaging. The article concludes with a summary of recent research into translanguaging with suggestions for future research.  相似文献   

Australian Early Childhood Teacher Education: Developments and Concerns     

Wendy E. Schiller  George F. Lewis 《Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education》2013,34(3):48-55

The history of early childhood teacher education in Australia dates back to 1897 with the establishment of the Kindergarten Union Teachers' Training College in Sydney. Since the 1970's, small, specialized, private teachers' colleges in each state have emerged to become part of the national government system of Colleges of Advanced Education (CAE's). These institutions had as a primary goal to teach rather than to conduct research about teaching. CAE's have historically been primarily responsible for vocationally-oriented professional courses of study such as nursing, teaching, social welfare, media and communications, fine arts and health studies. It was in this CAE's system where students were prepared to be early childhood, elementary, and secondary teachers. These programs lead to a three-year Diploma of Teaching or a four-year Bachelor of Education. This approach was based on the Australian pattern of specialized teacher training which was generally provided immediately upon graduation from high school. Universities provided training in early childhood-related areas such as psychology, psychiatry, social work and medicine but did not include specialized early childhood teacher preparation per se (although they do provide secondary teacher preparation).  相似文献   

Defining the political ontology of the classroom: toward a multitudinous education     

Tyson Lewis 《Teaching Education》2013,24(4):249-260

This paper is driven by a simple question: what type of collective space is a classroom and how can it be imagined differently? Drawing on the social topography provided by Hardt and Negri, I suggest that schools have traditionally worked to produce either (a) a people; (b) a crowd; or (c) the masses. The problem with these forms of social collectivity is that they each tend to limit radical movements for democracy. Opposed to a people, a crowd, or the masses, I suggest that classroom collectivity be reconceptualized in terms of the multitude. It is by configuring the dynamic space of the classroom in relation to a theory of the multitude that educational democracy can be achieved.  相似文献   

Turning Academics into Teachers: A discourse on love     

Lewis Elton 《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(2):257-260

As a contribution to the debate, this article analyses the different meanings of the word 'love' and uses this analysis to demonstrate that good teachers love both their subject and the teaching of it, and that this involves them in respecting researchers in both their subject and in pedagogy.  相似文献   

Swarm Intelligence: Rethinking the Multitude from within the Transversal Commons     

Tyson E. Lewis 《Culture, Theory & Critique》2013,54(3):223-238

Abstract

Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that contemporary political and economic struggle entails reappropriating the monster as a potent image of multitudinous insurgency against Empire. This essay critically appraises the status of the monstrous in Hardt and Negri's work by bringing the field of critical animal studies into dialogue with Hardt and Negri in order to demonstrate how their conceptualisation of the monstrous nature of the multitude is not monstrous enough. While gesturing toward a posthumanist understanding of the multitude as a monstrous and unformed flesh of resistance and transformation, Hardt and Negri provide no clear discussion of the role of nonhuman animals within the multitude. Instead, nonhuman animals are reduced to mere allegories for the swarm intelligence of a decisively human multitude. The monstrous nature of the multitude remains mired within an anthropocentric speciesism that does not recognise the linguistic, cognitive and material resources that nonhuman animals may bring to the development of a swarm intelligence capable of overcoming the domination of nature inherent in Empire.  相似文献