Does athletic training in volleyball modulate the components of visual evoked potentials? A preliminary investigation     

Teresa Zwierko  Wojciech Lubiński  Piotr Lesiakowski  Hanna Steciuk  Leszek Piasecki  Justyna Krzepota 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(16):1519-1528

Abstract

This longitudinal study investigated visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in 11 young female volleyball players who participated in extensive training for 2 years. The control group consisted of 7 age-matched female students who were not involved in any regular sports activity. Recordings of VEPs were performed twice: baseline recording (i.e., before training began) and after 2 years of systematic, volleyball-specific athletic training. The effect of athletic training on visual signal conductivity was assessed by recording the latency of N75, P100 and N135 components of the VEPs waveform. Extensive experience with volleyball training reduced signal conductivity time through visual pathway. Specifically, the latency of P100 was reduced on average by 2.2 ms during binocular viewing. Moreover, athletes had reduced N75 latency (difference of 3.3 ms) for visual stimuli that generated greater response from peripheral retina. These results indicate that sport training can affect very early sensory processing in athletes.  相似文献   

Match-Fixing in Polish Football: Historical Perspectives and Sociological Interpretations     

Wojciech Woźniak 《国际体育史杂志》2018,35(2-3):247-263

Abstract

This paper addresses the massive scale of match-fixing in Polish football revealed by the corruption scandal which hit the headlines in the Polish media in 2005. Although more than a decade later the investigation is far from over, it is already clear that corruption was an everyday phenomenon ignored or purposely overlooked by bodies supervizing football competitions. The peculiarity of the Polish case stems from the fact that the match-fixing was not betting-related. The paper attempts to track the historical roots of corruption, paying particular attention to the period of communism (1945–1989) and the role of the Polish Football Association. Subsequently, several non-mutually exclusive sociological interpretations of the situation are discussed.  相似文献   

Age of Bilingual Exposure Is Related to the Contribution of Phonological and Semantic Knowledge to Successful Reading Development          下载免费PDF全文

Kaja K. Jasińska  Laura‐Ann Petitto 《Child development》2018,89(1):310-331

Bilingual children's reading as a function of age of first bilingual language exposure (AoE) was examined. Bilingual (varied AoE) and monolingual children (N = 421) were compared in their English language and reading abilities (6–10 years) using phonological awareness, semantic knowledge, and reading tasks. Structural equation modeling was applied to determine how bilingual AoE predicts reading outcomes. Early exposed bilinguals outperformed monolinguals on phonological awareness and word reading. Phonology and semantic (vocabulary) knowledge differentially predicted reading depending on the bilingual experience and AoE. Understanding how bilingual experiences impact phonological awareness and semantic knowledge, and in turn, impact reading outcomes is relevant for our understanding of what language and reading skills are best to focus on, and when, to promote optimal reading success.  相似文献   

Challenging the knowledge‐transfer orthodoxy: Knowledge co‐construction in technology‐enhanced learning for children with autism          下载免费PDF全文

Karen Guldberg  Sarah Parsons  Kaśka Porayska‐Pomsta  Wendy Keay‐Bright 《British Educational Research Journal》2017,43(2):394-413

Experimental intervention studies constitute the current dominant research designs in the autism education field. Such designs are based on a ‘knowledge‐transfer’ model of evidence‐based practice in which research is conducted by researchers, and is then ‘transferred’ to practitioners to enable them to implement evidence‐based interventions. While these research designs contribute important knowledge, they lead to a gap between what the research evidence may prescribe and what happens in practice, with a concomitant disparity between the priorities of researchers and practitioners. This paper discusses findings from the ESRC‐funded ‘SHAPE’ project, which adopted a different model of evidence‐based practice, focusing on knowledge co‐construction. Pupils (N = 8), teachers (N = 10), a speech and language therapist and a parent in three different school communities investigated creative ways in which children's social communication skills could be enhanced through technology use. Through a participatory methodology, digital stories were used as a method to enable engagement with the practical realities of the classroom and empower practitioners to construct and share their own authentic narratives. Participants articulated precise knowledge about the learning opportunities afforded to them and their pupils through quality interactions that were mediated by the technologies, as evidenced through digital stories. The SHAPE project shows that it is feasible to develop methodologies that enable genuine knowledge co‐construction with school practitioners, parents and pupils. Such co‐construction could offer realistic opportunities for pedagogical emancipation and innovation in evidence‐based practice as an alternative to the currently dominant and narrow model of knowledge transfer.  相似文献   

Maintenance and non-maintenance of community language in immigrant families: the case of Polish parents in the UK     

Anna Gruszczyńska 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2019,17(5):574-592

ABSTRACT

This paper examines Polish immigrant parents’ perceptions of their community language value, the factors that shape their approaches to children’s language education, and the different outcomes on the spectrum of language maintenance/non-maintenance they achieve. It focuses on the empirical findings and interprets them with reference to Bourdieu’s theory of practice. It argues that a better understanding of migrants’ diverse experiences can be aided by an analysis of capital interactions and transformations in response to the socio-cultural environment. At the same time, it suggests that the negative impact of anti-migration socio-political structures and discourses on language practices should not be assumed.  相似文献   

What Do Teachers Know About Digital Safety?     

Łukasz Tomczyk 《学校用计算机》2013,30(3):167-187

Abstract

The research objective was to determine the level of digital literacy (DL) among teachers. The scope of DL was narrowed to the issue of the safe use of electronic media. The research was conducted using a competency test and diagnostic survey. The following aspects of DL were measured: awareness of the mechanisms of communication with other Internet users and any threats resulting thereof, understanding what sexting is and what is meant by invasion of privacy, knowledge about copyright, ability to verify the credibility of information available online (the least developed area of DL), awareness of cyberbullying and the prevention thereof (the most developed DL skill), and the security of online financial operations. The study was conducted in the second half of 2016 in Poland and was commissioned by the Ministry of National Education responsible for the Bezpieczna+ (Safe+) project. The survey was carried out among 421 lower-secondary school teachers (covering three grades for children aged 12/13 to 15/16) from all over the country. The research results can be generalized at α?=?0.95 level. The teachers surveyed showed different levels of DL. The teachers of technical subjects (including ICT) obtained the best results, whereas natural science teachers scored the lowest. Age was not a determinant of ICT expertise. A low level of DL and safety skills prevailed in the group of teachers who recently began their career in education (trainees). The group of beginner teachers in particular should be given educational support. This research also breaks the stereotype that young teachers have much more advanced DL than older teachers.  相似文献   

A study of technical innovation in Polish industry     

Kazimierz Poznański 《Research Policy》1980,9(3):232-253

This paper presents the results of research covering 86 innovations from seven Polish industries. The sample of innovations includes traditional and modern branches - clothing, leather and automotive industry; intermediate products - synthetic fibres and dyestuffs; capital goods - textile machinery; and final consumption goods - furniture and electrical equipment. The purpose of the research was to identify the stimuli and restraints on innovation, especially from the economics and financial system of enterprises in which the innovations were implemented.The research findings show that process innovations are more frequent than product innovations and that Polish enterprises innovate more often because of a need to overcome supply shortages than to meet demand needs. There is evidence of the dominance of in-house developments based on wide utilisation of foreign technological knowledge, both from socialist and from capitalist countries. The important pressure to innovate comes in current economic conditions from research establishments and the above enterprise level (associations and industrial ministries). This study also showas the important role of the non-financial motivations of individuals to engage in innovations,and the existence of some weak points in financial incentives to promote innovations. The Last fact partly explains, The former findings.  相似文献   

Dual-task effect on postural control in high-level competitive dancers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kuczyński M  Szymańska M  Bieć E 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(5):539-545

We investigated balance in 33 competitive dancers (17 females, 16 males) and 22 controls (17 females, 5 males) (age 16-27 years) on a force plate in two conditions: single task (quiet stance) and dual task (with a concurrent mental task). Balance was evaluated using centre-of-pressure shift (sway) variability, mean speed, frequency, and sample entropy. The effect of the dual task in the medio-lateral plane was comparable in both groups, decreasing sway variability (P < 0.05) and increasing mean speed (P < 0.001), frequency, and sample entropy (P < 0.001), showing that the participants effectively increased the level of automaticity. In the antero-posterior plane, the dual task also increased sway frequency and sample entropy (P < 0.01) in dancers without affecting their standing performance. In contrast, postural control in non-dancers was vulnerable to reduced cognitive investment, which adversely interfered with baseline performance. There were very high correlations between sway sample entropy and frequency in each group, plane, and task (r = 0.92-0.98, P < 0.001), indicating that both parameters may measure the same characteristic of postural control and that higher sway frequency may play an important role in protecting stability in dual tasking. The postural control of dancers and non-dancers appears to be similar, although dancing seems to facilitate the increased level of automatic control in the antero-posterior plane.  相似文献   

Association of serotoninergic pathway gene variants with elite athletic status in the Polish population     

Beata Peplonska  Krzysztof Safranow  Jakub Adamczyk  Dariusz Boguszewski  Konrad Szymański  Ireneusz Soltyszewski 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(14):1655-1662

  相似文献   

Solitude and Self-Realisation in Education     

JULIAN STERN  MAŁGORZATA WAŁEJKO 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2020,54(1):107-123

This article proposes a distinct role for solitude in education, specifically as a means of promoting self-realisation. Solitude is understood as a willed disengagement, as described by Koch, and its relationship to loneliness and to silence is explained. Notwithstanding a degree of disengagement, solitude can be and often is experienced as dialogic, with dialogue not only being internal (dialogue with the self) but also with others, near or distant. Self-realisation is described positively in terms of Macmurray's ‘becoming more real’ and the deep ecology of Naess, and is distanced from psychological and psychotherapeutic approaches to self-actualisation and self-esteem, not least because self-realisation may involve a significant degree of suffering. Drawing on philosophical and literary sources from both Anglophone and Polish traditions, the significance of this research for schooling is not simply organisational (i.e. organising opportunities for those in school to have positive experiences of solitude) but moral and political.  相似文献