Controlling the field of academic economics in Hungary, 1953–1976     

György Péteri 《Minerva》1996,34(4):367-380

Conclusions On the basis of these findings, I suggest that the structure and organisation of the field of Hungarian economics under state socialism should be described as a case of partitioned bureaucracy.⁹ The compromise between research economists and the political elite in the New Course era between 1953 and 1955¹⁰ survived the post-1956 reaction in so far as political economy, with its predominantly legitimatory and ideological functions, remained partitioned from the other sectors in the field through the remainder of the state-socialist period. This secured considerable protection both for Marxist-Leninist political economy—which faced the destabilising effects of exposure to the findings of serious empirical research—and for the other sectors, which were professionally oriented and earnestly interested in the pursuit of unbiased empirical research, free from stifling agitprop interference. Our data concerning the reputational control of the field reflects only one, although very important, aspect of this partitioning. Another and much plainer aspect is that, from the early 1960s, the Agitation and Propaganda Department of the Central Committee no longer exercised control over the field, except in the political economy sector.The proposition about the mechanism paradigm should not be taken seriously as a statement of a Kuhnian type of intellectual organisation of Hungarian economics, with reform economics at its hard theoretical core. But it should certainly be taken seriously as a reflection of the sociopolitical structure which emerged and developed from the mid-1950s onwards. Neither the politicians nor the economists saw as necessary or even contemplated the integration of Hungarian economic research with Western mainstream economic thought. In exchange for the professional expertise and socio-economic intelligence necessary for the exercise of power, Hungary's state-socialist political class offered their economists relative autonomy and freedom from interference. The price the economists had to pay was partly to refrain from openly and systematically challenging the beliefs perpetuated by the political economy of socialism, and partly to accept in their research the paramountcy of policy orientation. But this burden they assumed willingly since it made them the only group within Hungary's academic intelligentsia—indeed, the only group in Hungarian society outside the political class—with the privilege of being coopted to the institutions with power over some restricted domains of policymaking. After 1989, especially under the conservative Antall government, this proved less than advantageous.¹¹ Although the benevolence of many critics is open to question, it could greatly benefit the field if the economists' expulsion from contemporary politics went hand in hand with provision of the material, intellectual and institutional conditions for a new approach where a fundamentally scientific orientation is paramount.  相似文献   

Selected list of books and journals in allied health     

Brandon AN  Hill DR 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1996,84(3):289-309

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Health resources on the Internet: a basic list     

Judkins DZ 《Medical reference services quarterly》1996,15(4):13-20

With the plethora of health sites on the Internet, it is sometimes hard to know where to start. This is a basic list of health sites that either cover a subject area comprehensively, or are good general sites to lead to more specific information. Most of these sites include both full-text information as well as links to many other sites on the World-Wide Web. Included are medical, nursing, dental, alternative health, consumer health, organization, and government sites.  相似文献   

Teaching medical computing skills to internal medicine residents     

Schwartz DG  Nolan L  Schlicht MP 《Medical reference services quarterly》1997,16(2):55-60

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A Little Fire in BurgerLand     

D.F. Brown  Terry Allen 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》1993,16(3):106-107

Slide-tape library instruction     

Hall VB  Krautheim D  Hansra BS 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1978,66(3):361-362

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Headphones for library and educational use.     

D Queen 《Library technology reports》1980,16(6):563-612

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Word processing in libraries     

Marcum DB 《Library technology reports》1980,16(4):299-301

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Hobbes and Locke: Power and Consent. and Rousseau's Political Philosophy: An Exposition and Interpretation     

D. O. THOMAS 《Philosophical Books》1980,21(3):148-151

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A formula for shifting journals     

Morton DJ 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1982,70(3):337

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