Responses of low and high compression during recovery after repeated sprint training in well-trained handball players     

Christoph Zinner  Maximilian Pelka  Alexander Ferrauti  Tim Meyer  Mark Pfeiffer  Billy Sperlich 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(10):1304-1310

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of wearing various levels of compression following repeated and exhausting sprint exercise on variables related to recovery. Twelve well-trained handball players performed three sessions of repeated and exhausting sprint exercise (30?×?30m). Directly after each session the participants wore tights extending from below the hip to the foot with either 0, 10, or 25?mm?Hg of compression onto the thigh and calf muscles. 48?h after the training session all participants performed 5?×?30m sprints and counter movement jumps. Before, directly after, 24?h, and 48?h after the training session venous blood samples were drawn for the determination of creatine kinase (CK), urea, C-reactive protein (CRP). At the same time points, subjective ratings of the Acute Recovery and Stress Scale (ARSS) questionnaires were obtained. The results for plasma concentrations of CK and urea showed ‘likely’ to ‘very, very likely’ beneficial effects for compression garments exerting 10?mm?Hg of compression (p?=?0.06–1.0). With regard to sprint and jump performance no differences were evident between 0, 10, and 25?mm?Hg (p?=?0.07–1.0). In addition, subjective scores from the ARSS did not differ between conditions over time (p?>?0.05). We conclude that the application of 10?mm?Hg leg compression compared to 0 and 25?mm?Hg of compression during 48?h of recovery from repeated and exhausting sprints lowered the plasma concentrations of CK and urea with no improvements in recovery for performance.  相似文献   

‘A planet of confusion and debate’: children's and young people's response to the news coverage of Pluto's loss of planetary status     

Ruth Jarman  Billy McClune 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2013,31(3):309-325

Despite calls that the school science curriculum should develop among students an ability to understand and respond critically to science‐related media reports, very little research has been directed toward an important matter relevant to that aim, namely, how children and young people, untutored, react to science in the news. This study sought, in the context of media coverage of the debate surrounding the planetary status of Pluto, to explore this issue. A questionnaire, completed by 350 students aged between eight and 18, showed just over half of the children and young people were able to write relevantly about the subject though it was the gist not the detail of the story they recounted. There was evidence, nonetheless, that this media‐acquired information functioned as active rather than passive knowledge. Students demonstrated relatively few misconceptions and those presented were predominately pre‐existing rather than media‐derived. As with the wider public, many of the children and young people held strong opinions on Pluto's loss of planethood. Such responses diminished with age, however, with older students expressing a degree of indifference. The paper concludes with a discussion of some implications of the research findings for science instruction.  相似文献   

Interpretation of children’s views by educational psychologists: dilemmas and solutions     

Rachel Ingram 《Educational Psychology in Practice》2013,29(4):335-346

This paper considers how listening to children’s views and taking account of them is understood in different ways by educational psychologists. Rationales for listening to children include (1) supporting their rights to express views, (2) therapeutic benefits of participation, and either (3) valuing their views as insightful contributions to problem-solving or (4) considering them as contributory factors to the problem. This creates dilemmas about interpretation on different occasions, and a range of theoretical stances are discussed in terms of how far they can support robust decision-making about this interpretation, and a practical way forward is suggested using principles based on critical realism.  相似文献   

Student perceptions and instructional evaluations: A multivariate analysis of online and face-to-face classroom settings     

Billy R. Brocato  Alessandro Bonanno  Stacy Ulbig 《Education and Information Technologies》2015,20(1):37-55

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The theory of the telephone receiver     

W.H. Ingram 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1925,200(6):757-765

The equations connecting the winding current and diaphragm motion of a telephone receiver under impressed simple harmonic electromotive and mechanical forces are formulated under: (I) The Maxwell flux theory; (2) the magnetizing-winding theory; (3) the Ampèrean resistanceless fixed molecular circuit theory of permanent magnetism; and (4) a general molecular orbital theory of ferromagnetism. On the latter theory it is found that the coupling coefficients M and N in the equations in question are in general different, in counter-distinction to the other three theories as hitherto formulated. The flux theory is shown not to be inconsistent with this result when certain dynamical phase relations are introduced into the static flux-magnetomotive force formula (Ohm's Law analog) always employed in this theory. The Ampèrean rigid circuit theory is criticized as an inadequate dynamical representation of ferromagnetism. The magnetizing-winding theory (dynamical) is reproduced in slightly generalized form.  相似文献   

TESTIMONY AND RELIGIOUS COHESION 1     

Larry C. Ingram 《Religious education (Chicago, Ill.)》2013,108(2):295-309

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A survey of the use of newspapers in science instruction by secondary teachers in Northern Ireland     

Ruth Jarman  Billy McClune 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(10):997-1020

The purpose of this study was to explore the extent and nature of teachers' use of newspapers in the secondary science classroom. A survey was conducted in 50 schools. Through semi-structured interviews with the heads of their science departments, three broad issues were investigated: the prevalence, pattern and purpose of use, classroom practice and curricular priorities. It was found that a great many teachers use newspapers, in some way, to support science instruction. The majority, however, used the resource incidentally rather than systematically. By far their most common intention was to highlight the link between school science and everyday life. Only a few reported that they used newspapers to develop among their students an aptitude and ability to read and respond critically to science in the media. It is suggested that such findings are significant in the context of current discussion of the school curriculum and 'scientific literacy'.  相似文献   

Examining Effective Intervention Practices for Communication Impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder     

Billy T. Ogletree  Thomas Oren  Martin A. Fischer 《Exceptionality》2013,21(4):233-247

This article describes effective communication-related practices by reviewing specific evidence-based techniques, sharing how these techniques have been used in various treatment approaches, and discussing a constellation of general principles vital to treatment success. A comprehensive model of service delivery is provided to illustrate these key features of effective practice within the ecological and cultural contexts of families and their everyday lives.  相似文献   

The Inconvenient Indian: A Curious Account of Native People in North America Thomas King. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013.          下载免费PDF全文

Billy J. Stratton 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2015,38(2):196-197

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Effects of hyperoxia during recovery from 5×30-s bouts of maximal-intensity exercise     

Sperlich B  Zinner C  Krueger M  Wegrzyk J  Achtzehn S  Holmberg HC 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(9):851-858

We test the hypothesis that breathing oxygen-enriched air (F(I)O(2) = 100%) maintains exercise performance and reduces fatigue during intervals of maximal-intensity cycling. Ten well-trained male cyclists (age 25 ± 3 years; peak oxygen uptake 64.8 ± 6.2 ml · kg(-1) · min(-1); mean ± s) were exposed to either hyperoxic or normoxic air during the 6-min intervals between five 30-s sessions of cycling at maximal intensity. The concentrations of lactate and hydrogen ions [H(+)], pH, base excess, oxygen partial pressure, and oxygen saturation in the blood were assessed before and after these sprints. The peak (P = 0.62) and mean power outputs (P = 0.83) with hyperoxic and normoxic air did not differ. The partial pressure of oxygen was 4.2-fold higher after inhaling hyperoxic air, whereas lactate concentration, pH, [H(+)], and base excess (P ≥ 0.17) were not influenced. Perceived exertion towards the end of the 6-min periods after the fourth and fifth sprints (P < 0.05) was lower with hyperoxia than normoxia (P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that the peak and mean power outputs of athletes performing intervals of maximal-intensity cycling are not improved by inhalation of oxygen-enriched air during recovery.  相似文献