Participation-related relative age effects in Masters swimming: a 6-year retrospective longitudinal analysis     

Medic N  Young BW  Medic D 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(1):29-36

Medic and colleagues (Medic, Starkes, & Young, 2007) found that relatively younger cohorts of Masters athletes had higher participation rates and achieved higher performances compared with a relatively older cohort. Considering that Medic and colleagues' (2007) study was cross-sectional in nature, the purpose of this investigation was to employ a retrospective longitudinal study design to examine the participation rates of Masters swimmers as a function of an individual's constituent year within any 5-year age category over a period of 6 years. Using archived data from the 2003 to 2009 US Masters Short Course National Championships, swimmers' attendance was followed for a period of six consecutive years. Results indicated that a participation-related relative age effect was observed among swimmers who, over a period of 6 years, competed in either at least one championship (N = 2596; Cochran's Q? = 64.16, r(s) = -0.92, both P < 0.0001) or at least three championships (N = 441; Cochran's Q? = 47.51, r(s) = -0.91, both P < 0.0001). Overall, effect size analyses indicated that the odds of a Masters swimmer participating in the championship during the first constituent year of any 5-year age category was more than two times greater than the odds of that athlete participating during the fifth constituent year.  相似文献   

Muscle dysmorphia, gender role stress, and sociocultural influences: an exploratory study     

Tucker R  Watkins PL  Cardinal BJ 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(2):310-319

Our study explored the contribution of gender role stress (GRS) and sociocultural appearance demands to symptoms of muscle dysmorphia (MD) in a college sample of 219 women and 154 men. For women, five GRS subscales, sociocultural appearance demands, age, and frequency of aerobic exercise predicted MD symptoms (model R2 = .33; F(8,210) = 12.81, p < . 001); for men, only one GRS subscale, age, and sociocultural appearance demands predicted MD symptoms (model R2 = .40; F(3,150) = 9.52, p < .001). Post hoc analyses revealed that a small number of items explained a substantial portion of the variation, suggesting that MD may be more related to specific perceptions of pressure to attain an attractive body than to global gender role stress.  相似文献   

The mediating role of intention and stages of change in physical activity among adults with physical disabilities: an integrative framework     

Kosma M  Ellis R  Cardinal BJ  Bauer JJ  McCubbin JA 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2007,29(1):21-38

The study's purpose was to identify the mediating role of intention and the stages of change (SOC) in physical activity (PA) over a 6-month period using two models (theory of planned behavior [TPB] and TPB/SOC). Participants were 143 adults with physical disabilities (70.68% response rate; M age = 46.03). The TPB constructs, SOC (time 1), and PA (time 2) were assessed using standardized self-report questionnaires. Based on path analyses, attitude had the highest effect on intention and SOC followed by perceived behavioral control within both well-fit models. The variance in PA explained by the first (TPB) and second (TPB/SOC) models was 16% and 28% respectively. In the just identified model of TPB/SOC, the direct effect of SOC on physical activity remained strong (gamma(soc.pa) = .45) and SOC approached full mediation through attitude. Health promotion interventions need to include both intention and behavior elements (SOC) reinforcing increased PA value and barrier elimination.  相似文献   

Language and Politics in Education   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Edmund P. Clark 《English in Education》1971,5(2):102-108

  相似文献   

Electronic advances in scientific information: the commercial angle     

Cive Bradley 《Learned Publishing》1991,4(2):85-87

  相似文献   

Introduction     

Thomas D. Clark 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》1979,2(1):1-3

  相似文献   

Piaget's theory and its value for teachers     

S. C. Clark 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》1995,27(2):64-88

  相似文献   

Discussing the Culture of Unemployment     

Ian Bradley 《Higher Education Quarterly》1979,34(1):136-143

  相似文献   

The strange rebirth of Liberal England     

Ian Bradley 《Higher Education Quarterly》1981,35(3):267-279

  相似文献   

Students with autism in regular classes: a long-term follow-up study of a satellite class transition model     

Elaine Keane  Fiona Jane Aldridge  Trevor Clark 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(10):1001-1017

Students with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are increasingly being educated within mainstream schools. While there is often an assumption that students with ASD who are academically capable will succeed in an inclusive educational placement, previous research has indicated that this is not always the case. Indeed, it seems that students with ASDs are often not equipped to cope with the social and communication demands of a mainstream classroom. Autism Spectrum Australia's (Aspect) satellite class programme aims to address this gap by blending specialised intervention with strategies to prepare students and receiving schools for transition to more inclusive educational placements. A long-term follow-up study comprising a parent survey of satellite class graduates and four detailed case studies was undertaken to determine whether these classes led to successful placement of students with ASD in more inclusive educational settings. Results indicated that a majority of graduates remained placed in more inclusive educational settings. Overall, parents were satisfied with the programme. Attendance at a satellite class was just one of a number of factors associated with positive outcomes in late adolescence. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for teachers and school staff planning for and supporting students with ASDs in their transition to inclusive educational settings.  相似文献