Aerobic plus resistance training was more effective in improving the visceral adiposity,metabolic profile and inflammatory markers than aerobic training in obese adolescents     

Ana Raimunda Dâmaso  Danielle Arisa Caranti  Aline de Piano  Mauro Fisberg  Denis Foschini 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(15):1435-1445

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine whether aerobic plus resistance training (AT + RT) is more effective than aerobic training (AT) at reducing inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risk in obese adolescents. A total of 139 obese adolescents were enrolled, aged 15–19 years, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 95th percentile and participated in 1 year of interdisciplinary intervention. They were randomised into two groups: AT (n = 55), AT + RT (n = 61). Blood samples were collected to analyse glycaemia, insulin, the lipid profile, leptin and adiponectin concentrations. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). The AT + RT group showed better results with regard to decreased body fat mass, low-density lipoprotein concentration (LDL-c) levels, subcutaneous and visceral fat and increased body lean mass. Indeed, a reduction of hyperleptinaemia and an increase in adiponectin concentrations, promoting an improvement in the leptin/adiponectin ratio, was observed. Important clinical parameters were improved in both types of exercise; however, AT + RT was more effective in improving the visceral adiposity, metabolic profile and inflammatory markers than AT alone, suggesting clinical applications for the control of intra-abdominal obesity and cardiovascular risk in the paediatric population.  相似文献   

Providing students with voice and choice: lessons from intervention research on autonomy-supportive climates in physical education     

Peter A. Hastie  Mary E. Rudisill  Danielle D. Wadsworth 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(1):38-56

This article examines the latest thinking about autonomy-supportive climates within physical education. The basis for the inclusion of these climates are self-determination and achievement goal theories which suggest that a teacher's motivating style towards students can be conceptualised along a continuum that ranges from highly controlling to highly autonomy supportive. In general, autonomy-supportive teachers facilitate, whereas controlling teachers interfere with, the congruence between students' self-determined inner motives and their classroom activity. Drawing upon research involving interventions at pre-school, primary and secondary school levels, the paper examines how 27 studies that demonstrate providing pupils with opportunities to become self-directed leads to higher levels skill attainment, physical activity and perceived competence. Implications for curriculum, pedagogy and assessment are addressed and directions for future research are noted.  相似文献   

Correlates of school-day physical activity in preschool students     

Robinson LE  Wadsworth DD  Peoples CM 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2012,83(1):20-26

This study examined the relationship among sex, body mass index, motor skill competence (MSC), perceived physical competence (PPC), and school-day physical activity in preschool students (N = 34). Physical activity was assessed by steps accumulated during the school day, while MSC and PPC were assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development-2nd edition (Ulrich, 2000) and the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance (Harter & Pike, 1984). Regression analyses revealed that preschool students' locomotor ability accounted for 21 % (p = .007) of the variance associated with school-day physical activity. The findings support an association between participants' ability to locomote and be physically active. The findings warrant future investigations to examine the relationship between locomotor skills and physical activity behaviors.  相似文献   

数学真理的问题     

丹尼尔·麦克佩斯 《中山大学学报论丛》2009,2(2)

在当前数学实践中,数学知识(如果有这样的知识的话)是通过在定义和公理的基础上证明定理来获得的.问题在于该怎样理解证明中所得到的东西是如何构成知识的,具体而言,即是要给出一个关于数学真理和数学知识的统一的解释,该解释能够揭示两者的内在联系.此处的困难是,根据贝纳塞拉夫的为人熟知的论证,由于塔斯基语义学认为真与对象的联系(通过单称词项或通过量词)是不可消去的,因此在数学中无法将塔斯基语义学与完整的认识论相结合:数学知识要么是通过证明得到的,这种情况下数学知识与数学对象是无关的,因此我们就无法解释数学真理;要么数学对象是数学真理的构件,从而数学知识不是通过证明得到的,这种情况下我们就无从理解数学知识.接着,本文通过一系列阶段,将这些困难一直追溯到最基本的逻辑观念,即将之看作形式的和纯粹解释性的:如果数学是从概念出发仅仅使用逻辑的推理实践,依照康德,那么数学应该是分析的,也即,仅仅是解释性的,根本就不是通常意义上的知识.我认为,这对数学真理是真正困难的问题.本文概括了四种回应,其中仅有一个有希望解决我们的困难,也即皮尔斯和弗雷格的回应.根据他们的方案,逻辑是科学,因此是实验性的和可错的;符号语言是有内容的,尽管并不涉及与任何对象的关联;证明是构成性的,因此是富于产出的过程.通过充分发展这些观点,我们将有可能最终解决数学真理的问题.  相似文献   

Promises and Challenges for the Use of Adapted Primary Literature in Science Curricula: Commentary   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Danielle J. Ford 《Research in Science Education》2009,39(3):385-390

The papers in this collection provide compelling arguments that the use of Adapted Primary Literature (APL) in science education holds great promise for enriching inquiry science instruction at the secondary level. The integration of this genre of written text into science curricula illustrates the ways in which reasoning in reading and reasoning in science are tightly connected. I discuss three major themes that arise from a reading of the papers in this set: (1) the concept of authenticity as an adherence to scientific reasoning and practice within science education, and the ways in which APL is a welcome complication to simpler notions of “authentic” experiences for learners, (2) issues around the use of tools such as APL in science curriculum design and implementation, including the need to consider discipline-specific science reading strategies and ways to support teachers in their use of APL, and (3) the possible implications for extending the concept of APL into younger (primary age) and older (college age) classrooms than those examined in these papers.  相似文献   

An accurate VO2max nonexercise regression model for 18-65-year-old adults     

Bradshaw DI  George JD  Hyde A  LaMonte MJ  Vehrs PR  Hager RL  Yanowitz FG 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2005,76(4):426-432

The purpose of this study was to develop a regression equation to predict maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) based on nonexercise (N-EX) data. All participants (N = 100), ages 18-65 years, successfully completed a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) to assess VO2max (M = 39.96 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1), SD = 9.54). The N-EX data collected just before the maximal GXT included the participant's age; gender; body mass index (BMI); perceived functional ability (PFA) to walk, jog, or run given distances; and current physical activity (PA-R) level. Multiple linear regression generated the following N-EX prediction equation (R = .93, SEE = 3.45 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1), % SEE = 8.62): VO2max (mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) = 48.0730 + (6.1779 x gender; women = 0, men = 1) - (0. 2463 x age) - (0.6186 x BMI) + (0.7115 x PFA) + (0.6709 x PA-R). Cross validation using PRESS (predicted residual sum of squares) statistics revealed minimal shrinkage (R(p) = .91 and SEE(p) = 3.63 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)); thus, this model should yield acceptable accuracy when applied to an independent sample of adults (ages 18-65 years) with a similar cardiorespiratory fitness level. Based on standardized beta-weights, the PFA variable (0.41) was the most effective at predicting VO2max followed by age (-0.34), gender (0.33), BMI (-0.27), and PA-R (0.16). This study provides a N-EX regression model that yields relatively accurate results and is a convenient way to predict VO2max in adult men and women.  相似文献   

Teacher‐Pupil Discourse in Classrooms for Hearing‐Impaired Children     

John M. Panagos  Penny L. Griffith  Danielle N. Ripich 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1985,32(1):21-29

Early studies of teacher‐pupil discourse in classrooms for the hearing‐impaired showed that it is systematic, teacher‐controlled and interlaced with language content. Discourse analysis, based on qualitative methods of study, augments and qualifies these views by providing a technique for examining multiple levels of interaction. Discourse material excerpted from a language lesson conducted by an experienced primary teacher with five hearing‐impaired pupils suggests that teacher‐pupil interaction is organized on several levels of structure. A hierarchy of lesson interaction is demonstrated through the illustrative discourse samples; hierarchical levels of roles, tasks, phrases, topics, sequences, turns, and utterances are identified and discussed. Educational implications about the learning structure of the classroom for the hearing‐impaired are offered.  相似文献   

茶果皮多糖理化性质、体外抗氧化活性及对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用(英文)     

Yue-fei WANG  Jie WANG  Jing WU  Ping XU  Yi-qi WANG  Jun-jie GAO  Danielle HOCHSTETTER 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,(2)

研究目的:利用响应面优化茶果皮多糖(TFPP)提取条件,用乙醇分级分段得到4个多糖组分(TFPP-0、TFPP-20、TFPP-40和TFPP-60),并研究其理化性质、抗氧化活性和对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用,为综合高效利用茶果皮多糖资源提供理论基础。创新要点:1.首次将茶果皮作为一种潜在生物资源研究;2.首次研究茶果皮多糖这一功能成分;3.将工艺优化、理化性质和生物活性结合研究。研究方法:三因素三水平响应面设计(见表1),傅里叶转换红外光谱法分析茶果皮粗多糖的功能团结构(见图3),高效液相色谱法检测单糖组分(见表2),2,2'-氨基-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基清除法(见图4a)和铁离子还原能力法(FRAP)(见图4b)分析茶果皮多糖抗氧化活性。重要结论:1.茶果皮多糖是一种水溶性的酸性杂多糖蛋白复合物;2.乙醇分级是一种有效多糖分离手段;3.茶果皮多糖具有出色的生物活性;4.茶果皮资源可以作为一种可再生生物资源进行深度的开发。  相似文献   

Best Practices of Library Mobile Website Design: A Literature Review     

Danielle A. Becker 《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2015,22(2):167-187

This article is intended to serve as a guide for librarians developing mobile Websites to be linked to their current library Website. Kroski (2008a) defines the mobile Web as “the World Wide Web accessed through a mobile device, ranging from a cellular phone to an iPod Touch. It includes the entirety of the Web and is not limited to Websites that are specifically designed for mobile viewing” (5). This literature review focuses on the mobile Web, mobile device usage, and best practices for designing mobile Websites for libraries.  相似文献   

我还能活多久?     

Danielle Ofri.M.D  Cass 《英语辅导》2014,(1):48-51

或许你正值芳年华月、风华正茂,从未来得及想象生命尽头向自己慢慢逼近的感觉;那种似乎死神就在街的转角处、巷子尾的感觉。你看着自己一步一步正朝着生命的尽头靠近,虽不知生命之弦何时会"嘭"地一声断裂,却清楚知道,这根弦已经绷得不能再紧了。此时,你是否会觉得恐惧,不知所措?作者作为医师,看着患者身临此境,却也在重症面前束手无策。医师有责任让患者了解自己的病情,但是从口中吐出的实情,对于患者而言,永远都似刑判般残酷。  相似文献