The effects of classroom socioeconomic composition on student’s civic knowledge in Chile     

Diego Collado  Catalina Lomos  Ides Nicaise 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(3):415-440

In Chile, the influence of the socioeconomic make-up of classrooms on achievement has been extensively studied in mathematics and language, but less in currently important non-traditional subjects such as civic knowledge. This paper analyses the effects of the socioeconomic composition of classrooms on students’ civic knowledge achievement in Chile, using the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2009 and a multilevel methodology. This research finds positive influences of higher socioeconomic intakes of 36% of one standard deviation in test scores. These results suggest that in the socioeconomically segregated Chilean education system, these effects would contribute to widening the civic knowledge attainment gap between pupils attending affluent and less affluent schools. In addition, this research finds that, on average, students with a higher individual socioeconomic status are more sensitive to these influences and that socioeconomic composition effects are more acute in the private-voucher sector than in the public sector.  相似文献   

The interplay of learning approaches and self-efficacy in secondary school students’ academic achievement in science     

Diego Ardura  Arturo Galán 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(13):1723-1743

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present investigation was to analyse the role of academic self-efficacy and approaches to learning in general and in Physics and Chemistry academic achievements. The sample comprised 507 secondary school students of two Spanish schools and the study was conducted in the context of a Physics and Chemistry subject. Structural equation models showed that surface motive was the only type of learning approach directly related to performance. Besides, our models revealed that self-efficacy plays an important role as a mediating variable between the surface strategy and the deep motive learning approaches and academic achievement. Gender effects were also studied as girls showed higher levels of achievement both in general performance and in Physics and Chemistry. Implications for science education and suggestions for future research of these findings are also discussed.  相似文献   

Measuring the local economic impact of universities: an approach that considers uncertainty     

José Manuel Pastor  Francisco Pérez  Juan Fernández de Guevara 《Higher Education》2013,65(5):539-564

The contribution of universities to society is due to the effects generated both in the supply and in the demand side, the latter being associated with the injection of demand as a result of the activities these institutions carry out. This paper focuses on the impact of the demand side by designing a methodology based on Monte Carlo simulations so as to introduce stochastic elements in calculating the economic impact of universities. We apply this methodology to the case of Valencian public universities, introducing stochastic elements in all the elements which imply assumptions with uncertainty. The results highlight the importance of considering uncertainty by generating multipliers which can vary around the average value by 18 % in the case of output and employment, and 10 % in the case of income.  相似文献   

Nature and profiles of racial prejudice: analyses and educational implications in Secondary School students / Naturaleza y perfiles del prejuicio racial: análisis e implicaciones educativas en alumnos de Educación Secundaria     

Ricardo Cuevas  Onofre Contreras  Tomás García-Calvo  Juan-Carlos Pastor 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(2):248-277

Abstract

The reduction of racial prejudice is an important challenge of intercultural education. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze racial prejudice, as well as the different profiles and the possible educational implications in secondary school students. A total of 327 third form students completed the scales of blatant and subtle prejudice and also a scale of emotions towards North Africans. The results showed significant levels of subtle prejudice and four profiles of racial prejudice, with a low number of students showing equalitarian tendencies. A multivariate analysis showed significant differences in prejudice depending on social distance as well as the academic level of the participants’ families. Finally, we discuss the results from the perspective of intercultural education and we suggest some lines of intervention in order to promote the integration of students from different cultures.  相似文献   

Dynamic profiles and predictive values of some biochemical and haematological quantities in COVID-19 inpatients     

María Jos Castro-Castro  Laura García-Tejada  Ariadna Arbiol-Roca  Lourdes Snchez-Navarro  Loreto Rapún-Mas  Isabel Cachon-Surez  Marta lvarez-lvarez  Dolors Dot-Bach  Roser Güell-Mir  Anna Corts-Bosch de Bassea  Macarena Dastis-Arias  Ana Sancho-Cerro  Noelia Díaz-Troyano  Teresa Escartín-Diez  Diego Muoz-Provencio  Rosa Navarro-Badal 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2022,32(1)

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Effect of hand paddles and parachute on backstroke coordination and stroke parameters     

Thiago Telles  Renato Barroso  Pedro Figueiredo  Diego Fortes de Souza Salgueiro  João Paulo Vilas-Boas  Orival Andries Junior 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(9):906-911

Hand paddles and parachutes have been used in order to overload swimmers, and consequently increase the propulsive force generation in swimming. However, their use may affect not only kinematical parameters (average speed, stroke length and stroke rate), but also time gaps between propulsive phases, assessed through the index of coordination (IdC). The objective of this study was to assess the effects of hand paddles and parachute use, isolated or combined, on kinematical parameters and coordination. Eleven swimmers (backstroke 50-m time: 29.16 ± 1.43 s) performed four 15-m trials in a randomised order at maximal intensity: (1) without implements (FREE), (2) with hand paddles (HPD), (3) with parachute (PCH) and (4) with hand paddles plus parachute (HPD+PCH). All trials were video-recorded (60 Hz) in order to assess average speed, stroke rate, stroke length, five stroke phases and index of coordination. When average swimming speed was compared to FREE, it was lower in PCH and HPD+PCH, and higher in HPD. Stroke rate decreased in all overloaded trials compared to FREE. The use of hand paddles and parachute increased and decreased stroke length, respectively. In addition, propulsive phase duration was increased when hand paddles were used, and time gaps shifted towards zero (no time gap), especially when hand paddles were combined with parachute. It is conceivable that the combined use of hand paddles and parachute, once allowing overloading both propulsive and resistive forces, provides a specific stimulus to improve muscle strength and propulsive continuity.  相似文献   

Procedures for Responding to Charges of Unethical Research Practices, Revised March 1985 Report of the Faculty Ad Hoc Committee to Investigate Research Fraud, 30 September 1986     

University of California  San Diego. School of Medicine 《Minerva》1987,25(4):502-512

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Segmenting Educational Content: Long-Form vs. Short-Form Online Learning Modules     

Diego Méndez-Carbajo  Scott A. Wolla 《The American journal of distance education》2019,33(2):108-119

This article studies the differences in student learning outcomes associated with changes in the format of online learning resources. We compare completion rates and degrees of student achievement across several economic education learning modules produced by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Initially designed as a long-form online learning module focused on unemployment, the virtual lecture “The Story of Unemployment” was later chunked into four separate short-form learning modules. We find across-the-board evidence of increased completion rates among registered students and statistically significant increases in average differences between pre-test and post-test scores. We also study how the increases in scores are distributed across students by comparing pre-test grade quartiles. Finally, we document that chunking online instructional materials increases retained learning and consistently boosts information absorption at the item level.  相似文献   

The DIYLab project (Do It Yourself in Education: Expanding Digital Competence to Foster Student Agency and Collaborative Learning) / El proyecto DIYLab (Do It Yourself in Education: Expanding Digital Competence to Foster Student Agency and Collaborative Learning)     

Joan-Anton Sánchez-Valero  Judith Arrazola-Carballo  Diego Calderón-Garrido 《Cultura y Educación》2017,29(4):871-878

The DIYLab project aims to promote lifelong learning by expanding students’ digital competences, autonomy and creativity through collaborative and meaningful learning. DIYLab locates students at the centre of the learning experience, turning them into the producer of their own learning material. This three-year-old project has been implemented in primary schools, secondary schools and universities in three European countries, where students create digital products that are subsequently published through a Hub or digital centre.  相似文献   

A latent profile analysis of college students’ achievement goal orientation     

Dena A. Pastor  Kenneth E. Barron  B.J. Miller  Susan L. Davis 《Contemporary educational psychology》2007

Achievement goal research has grown increasingly complex with the number of proposed goal orientations that motivate students. As the number of proposed goal constructs proliferates, a variety of data analytic challenges have emerged, such as profiling students on different types of goal pursuit as well as evaluating the relationships of multiple goal pursuit with different educational outcomes. The purpose of the current article is to showcase the advantages of using latent profile analysis (LPA) over other traditional techniques (such as multiple regression and cluster analysis) when analyzing multidimensional data like achievement goals. Specifically, we review the advantages of LPA over traditional person- and variable-centered analyses and then provide a critical look at three different conceptualizations of goal orientation (2-, 3-, and 4-factor) using LPA.  相似文献