An Empirical Investigation of the Efficacy of Multimedia Instruction in Counseling Skill Development     

B. Grant Hayes  Gordon E. Taub  Edward H. Robinson  Stephen A. Sivo 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2003,42(3):177-188

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of multimedia instruction on students' counseling skill development. The participants were 73 beginning‐level counselor education students (20 men and 53 women, ages ranging from 24 to 47 years). Ratings of students' pre‐ and posttest video counseling tapes were used to assess the effects of the multimedia approach. The results found that there was no statistically significant difference among the levels of students' counseling skill development across the 3 (high‐tech multimedia, low‐tech multimedia, and traditional instruction) treatment groups.  相似文献   

Knowledge systems and the colonial legacies in African science education     

John R. Ziegler  Edward Lehner 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2018,13(4):1101-1108

This review surveys Femi Otulaja and Meshach Ogunniyi’s, Handbook of research in science education in sub-Saharan Africa, Sense, Rotterdam, 2017, noting the significance of the theoretically rich content and how this book contributes to the field of education as well as to the humanities more broadly. The volume usefully outlines the ways in which science education and scholarship in sub-Saharan Africa continue to be impacted by the region’s colonial history. Several of the chapters also enumerate proposals for teaching and learning science and strengthening academic exchange. Concerns that recur across many of the chapters include inadequate implementation of reforms; a lack of resources, such as for classroom materials and teacher training; and the continued and detrimental linguistic, financial, and ideological domination of African science education by the West. After a brief overview of the work and its central issues, this review closely examines two salient chapters that focus on scholarly communications and culturally responsive pedagogy. The scholarly communication section addresses the ways in which African science education research may in fact be too closely mirroring Western knowledge constructions without fully integrating indigenous knowledge systems in the research process. The chapter on pedagogy makes a similar argument for integrating Western and indigenous knowledge systems into teaching approaches.  相似文献   

Computer based simulation of laboratory experiments     

Norrie S. Edward 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》1997,28(1):51-63

The author is currently developing computer based simulations of practical laboratory experiments in engineering. He takes the view that the aim of computer based simulations is to provide a learning experience as close to that of the lab as possible. This requires that the learning outcomes and methodology of practical work be established.
The paper starts with a review of published opinions on the intended learning outcomes of practical work. The views of staff and students of the School were established by conducting an internal survey. The paper then outlines the types of simulations possible on the computer before concentrating on the development of the operational simulations being used in the present context. The approach to obtaining fidelity in operation forms the main part of the paper.
The author is currently engaged in evaluating the effectiveness of one of the packages. He discusses the approach being taken and his views on the advantages and disadvantages of simulation. It is hoped that a subsequent paper will publish the results of the evaluation.  相似文献   

Issues in cross-cultural counseling: An examination of the meaning and dimensions of tolerance     

Judith A. Sutter  Edward J. McCaul 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1993,16(1):3-18

While there is a clear need to address the ethical dimensions of cross-cultural counseling, the current literature lacks both a theoretical model of ethnic tolerance and a suitable measure for assessing the construct. The present study addressed this gap in the extant literature by (a) developing a measure of ethnic tolerance based upon extensive field work, (b) examining the measure's reliability and construct validity in light of two models of ethnic tolerance, and (c) examining the relationship of several factors (e.g., age, gender, and exposure to those of a different culture) to scores on the tolerance measure. Results indicated that the tolerance measure was best viewed as a unidimensional construct, had substantial content validity, and had modest construct validity. Respondents with more social contact with immigrants, as well as those who had positive experiences with immigrants, tended to score higher on the tolerance measure. Results underscore both the complexity of factors associated with tolerance and the need for counselor education programs to provide arenas for students to become aware of their own values and biases and how these may affect culturally-different clients.  相似文献   

Designing Teaching and Assessment Methods for Diverse Student Populations     

Mika Cho  Edward Forde 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2001,20(1):86-95

The American student population is becoming increasingly diverse in terms of race and culture. To address this pluralism, a study of learning style preferences was developed for purposes of designing more relevant teaching and assessment methods. Different theories of learning styles were incorporated into a survey that was administered to 483 students at four major universities. This survey compared learning style preferences according to ethnic and socio‐economic categories. Although it initially focused on students in Art and Design, it was eventually expanded to other disciplines for more inclusive reliability. The statistical analyses of this study are presented with corresponding recommendations for more effective teaching and assessment practices.  相似文献   

Generating multiple solutions for a problem: A comparison of the responses of U.S. and Japanese students     

Edward A. Silver  Shukkwan S. Leung  Jinfa Cai 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1995,28(1):35-54

A task involving simple mathematics, yet complex in its call for the generation of multiple solution methods, was administered to about 150 U.S. students, most of whom were in fourth grade. Written responses were examined for correctness, evidence of strategy use and mode of explanation. Results for the U.S. sample were also compared to those obtained from about 200 Japanese fourth-grade students. Students in both countries (a) produced multiple solutions and explanations of their solutions, (b) exhibited almost identical patterns and frequency of strategy use across response occasions, and (c) used the same kinds of explanations, with a majority of the responses involving solution explanations that combined both visual and verbal/symbolic features. Nevertheless, Japanese students tended to produce explanations involving more sophisticated mathematical ideas (multiplication rather than addition) and formalisms (mathematical expressions rather than verbal explanations) than did U.S. students.  相似文献   

Surprise and change: Variations in the strength of present and absent cues in causal learning     

Wasserman EA  Castro L 《Learning & behavior》2005,33(2):131-146

It is said that “absence makes the heart grow fonder.” But, when and why does an absent event become salient to the heart or to the brain? An absent event may become salient when its nonoccurrence is surprising. Van Hamme and Wasserman (1994) found that a nonpresented but expected stimulus can actually change its associative status—and in the opposite direction from a presented stimulus. Associative models like that of Rescorla and Wagner (1972) focus only on presented cues; so, they cannot explain this result. However, absent cues can be permitted to change their value by assigning different learning parameters to present and absent cues. Van Hamme and Wasserman revised the Rescorla-Wagner model so that the α parameter is positive for present cues, but negative for absent cues; now, changes in the associative strength of absent cues move in the opposite direction as presented ones. This revised Rescorla-Wagner model can thus explain such otherwise vexing empirical findings as backward blocking, recovery from overshadowing, and backward conditioned inhibition. Moreover, the revised model predicts new effects. For example, explicit information about the absence of nonpresented cues should increase their salience (that is, their negative α value should be larger), leading to stronger associative changes than when no explicit mention is made of cue absence. Support for this prediction is detailed in a new causal judgment experiment in which participants rated the effectiveness of different foods’ triggering a patient’s allergic reaction. Overall, these and other findings encourage us to view human causal learning from an associative perspective.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Robert Heinich  John S. Clayton  James Q. Knowlton  Paul Saettler  Frederick G. Knirk  Malcolm Fleming  William F. O’Neill  Robert W. Wagner  Edward S. Herman  Donald P. Hammer 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1970,18(1):88-117

  相似文献   

论学术自由   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

爱德华·希尔斯  林杰 《北京大学教育评论》2005,3(1):63-72

学术自由在西方高等教育研究领域是个“显课题” ,这与西方国家的政治、文化背景密切相关。许多西方学者站在不同的学科立场加入到这一问题的争论之中 ,使学术自由的研究呈开放态势。本文作者E·希尔斯是美国著名社会学家、功能主义学派的领袖人物之一。希尔斯本人的政治立场是保守主义的 ,从本文可窥见一斑。而他却善于从更为广阔的社会背景出发 ,对学术自由探幽发微 ,巨细不遗 ,着重阐述了学术自由与外部权威之间的矛盾关系 ,并着重论及学者的政治自由问题 ,为学术自由的研究开辟了新的视野。  相似文献   

An Analysis of Peer Feedback Exchanged in Group Supervision          下载免费PDF全文

Edward Wahesh  Gulsah Kemer  Ben T. Willis  Christopher D. Schmidt 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2017,56(4):274-288

The authors examined the peer feedback exchanged in 2 supervision groups of counselors‐in‐training (CITs). CITs generated 169 statements grouped into 10 clusters representing 5 regions of peer feedback: counselor focus and engagement, insight‐oriented skills, exploratory skills, therapeutic alliance, and intervention activities. Both positive and corrective peer feedback was exchanged on topics ranging from counselor performance skills to case conceptualization.  相似文献