Effect of resistance training with different frequencies and subsequent detraining on muscle mass and appendicular lean soft tissue,IGF-1, and testosterone in older women     

Matheus Amarante Do Nascimento  Aline Mendes Gerage  Danilo Rodrigues Pereira Da Silva  Alex Silva Ribeiro  Daniel Gomes Da Silva Machado  Fábio Luiz Cheche Pina 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):199-207

Objective: To analyse the effect of resistance training (RT) frequency on muscle mass, appendicular lean soft tissue, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), testosterone, and their changes with detraining in older women. Methods: Forty-five physically independent older women (≥ 60?years) were randomly assigned to perform RT either two (G2X, n = 21) or three times/week (G3X, n = 24), during 12?weeks (8 exercises, 1 set of 10–15 repetition maximum). Muscle mass and appendicular lean soft tissue, IGF-1, testosterone, and dietary intake were measured at pre-training, post-training, and after detraining (12?weeks). Results: Muscle mass and appendicular lean soft tissue significantly increased post-training (G2X?=?+5.5% and G3X?=?+5.8%, P?P?P?Conclusion: We conclude that lower RT frequency is as effective as higher frequency to improve muscle mass and appendicular lean soft tissue, and to maintain testosterone and IGF-1. Additionally, detraining may reduce testosterone regardless of RT frequency. These results are specifically for community-dwelling older women and may not be generalized to other populations.  相似文献   

Analysis of the distances covered and technical actions performed by professional tennis players during official matches     

Tiago Julio Costa Pereira  Fábio Yuzo Nakamura  Mayra Tardelli de Jesus  Claudio Luís Roveri Vieira  Milton Shoiti Misuta  Ricardo Machado Leite de Barros 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(4):361-368

The purpose of this study was to analyse the physical and technical performances of professional tennis players during official matches. The trajectories of eight players were obtained during matches, using an automatic tracking method. The distances covered and technical performances were analysed for the first and second sets. The athletes covered (mean ± standard deviation) a total of 1702.4 ± 448.2 m in the first set, 1457.6 ± 678.1 m in the second set and 3160.0 ± 880.1 in the entire match. No differences were found between the sets for the physical variables (lateral and forward displacements, distance covered per rally, per game and per set, and the percentage of time spent in each range of velocity). However, the distances covered by the athletes during the rallies in which they were serving (median = 5.2; interquartile range (IQR) = 6.7 m) were statistically smaller than when they were returning (median = 6.2; IQR = 7.7 m). Forehand ground stroke proficiency decreased from the first (mean ± standard deviation: 75.2 ± 4.11%) to the second set (mean ± standard deviation = 65.5 ± 14.3%). In conclusion, tennis players did not present reduced physical performance from the first to the second set.  相似文献   

Analysis of the consumption of artistic-cultural goods and services in Brazil     

Sibelle Cornélio Diniz  Ana Flávia Machado 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2011,35(1):1-18

This work aims to evaluate the determinants of the consumption of artistic-cultural goods and services in Brazil, conceiving this consumption as an activity with positive effects on the consumer and on the society as a whole. Using the human capital approach, we estimate a model in which the expenditures on artistic-cultural goods and services depend on socio-economic, educational and socio-demographic characteristics of the head of the household, and on variables that indicate the location of the household. The results indicate that artistic-cultural expenditures are strongly determined by income and by the education of the consumer. Furthermore, the expenditure differs regionally, which may occur due to supply variations or historic-cultural distinctions.  相似文献   

Quantitative analysis of Brazilian football players' organisation on the pitch     

Moura FA  Martins LE  Anido Rde O  de Barros RM  Cunha SA 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2012,11(1):85-96

The purpose of this study was to characterise Brazilian teams' coverage area and spread on the pitch while attacking and defending and to analyse the teams' organisation in tackle and shot on goal situations. We obtained the trajectories of 223 players in eight games with a tracking method. Team area was defined as the area of the convex hull formed by players' positions. Team spread was defined as the Frobenius norm of the distance-between-player matrix. We calculated teams' area and spread over time and in situations of shots on goal (n = 233) and tackles (n = 1897). While the players attacked, spread and area (median +/- confidence interval) ranged from 322.9 +/- 0.8 to 387.8 +/- 1.0 m and from 905.4 +/- 4.4 to 1407.6 +/- 5.5 m2, respectively. On defence, the values were smaller (p < 0.05) and ranged from 283.4 +/- 0.9 to 325.8 +/- 0.9 m and from 773.8 +/- 4.6 to 1158.4 +/- 5.5 m2 for the spread and the area. In defending circumstances, the teams presented a greater area and spread when they suffered shots on goal than when the teams performed tackles. In attacking situations, the teams presented a greater area and spread when they suffered tackles than when they performed shots on goal. The results allowed showing the attacking-defending interaction between Brazilian teams.  相似文献   

Students in Higher Education Governance: The Portuguese case     

Cardoso  Sónia  dos Santos  Sérgio Machado 《Tertiary Education and Management》2011,17(3):233-246

This article aims at analysing and discussing student participation in Portuguese higher education institutions and, specifically, in university governance. In a first moment, it describes this participation under both the previous (1988–2007) and the new legal frameworks (since 2007). A discussion of the changes introduced by this last framework and the extent to which it has contributed to the erosion of student participation in governance is undertaken. Next, the article deals with the ways students are involved in quality assessment at both its systemic and institutional levels. The case of a specific Portuguese university is used as an example of how this involvement takes place. The article concludes with a discussion on the main features of Portuguese student participation in governance, focusing on its effectiveness and suggesting measures for improvement.

  相似文献   

Models for antecedents of turnover intention and behavior among Brazilian employees     

de Oliveira  Manoela Ziebell  de Andrade  Alexsandro Luiz  Beria  Francielle Machado  Gomes  William Barbosa 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2019,19(3):363-389

International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance - Studies indicate that the costs resulting from voluntary turnover range from 93 to 200% of the annual salary for a single position,...  相似文献   

Specificities of the artistic cultural labor market in Brazilian metropolitan regions between 2002 and 2010     

Ana Flávia Machado  Alexandre Rabelo  Arthur Gomes Moreira 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2014,38(3):237-251

This paper analyzes the singularity of artistic cultural sector workers in the Brazilian metropolitan labor market, considering the job satisfaction of artists that Throsby proposes in his work preference model of artist behavior (1994). We also examine the effect of public expenditures on the income of workers in the cultural sector. Using 2002 to 2010 data from the Monthly Employment Survey (PME) and administrative records from Finance of Brazil (FINBRA), we estimate a probit model and a wage equation. In our model, we estimate wages as a function of: (1) sociodemographic characteristics of workers, (2) a variable for informal jobs, (3) the number of working hours, (4) a variable for the worker having another job, (5) per capita expenditures on culture interacted with a dummy for artistic cultural workers, (6) interactive binary variables involving place of residence and artistic cultural workers and (7) the predicted probability obtained by the probit model. This probability is estimated based on the likelihood of working in a creative activity, considering both workers from the cultural sector and other workers, controlled by: (1) sociodemographic characteristics of workers, (2) characteristics of their jobs, (3) dummies for the metropolitan regions and (4) willingness of creative workers to work additional hours interacted with the number of hours worked. Our results show that workers in the cultural sector are likely to work longer hours when compared to workers in other sectors. For our wage equation, the results suggest that women earn relatively less than men and blacks earn less than whites. Furthermore, earnings increase with age and the level of education. Formal workers obtain higher earnings when compared to informal ones. Finally, an increase in the per capita public expenditure on the cultural sector raises the income of workers in artistic cultural occupations.  相似文献   

Organizational structure and ICT strategies in the Brazilian Judiciary System     

André Andrade  Luiz Antonio Joia 《Government Information Quarterly》2012

In this case study, we analyze the influence of the organizational structure in the definition and implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) strategies in the Brazilian Judiciary System. The analysis shows that the existing organizational structure favors uncoordinated actions, though the role of the National Council of Justice (NCJ) as protagonist in the process of coordinating the strategic planning of the Brazilian Judiciary System (and strategic ICT planning) might change this reality, allowing the Brazilian Judiciary System to reap the full benefits of ICT.  相似文献   

Gender and Management in HEIs: Changing organisational and management structures     

Özlem Özkanlı  Maria de Lourdes Machado  Kate White  Pat O'Connor  Sarah Riordan  Jenny Neale 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(3):241-257

This paper reports on the second phase of a multi‐country study examining cross cultural perspectives of gender and management in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). It examines the broader labour market context and legislative frameworks for higher education in each country and then analyses the literature on women in university management. The paper presents the findings of research with male and female senior managers about their perceptions of women as HEI managers within changing organisational and management structures. It concludes that although HEI’s are now largely aware of barriers to women getting into and on in senior management, they have not addressed the organisational structures and cultures that perpetuate this inequity.  相似文献   

An examination of the preparation and practice of grades 7–12 mathematics teachers from the Shandong Province in China     

Su Liang  Sarah Glaz  Thomas DeFranco  Charles Vinsonhaler  Robin Grenier  Fabiana Cardetti 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2013,16(2):149-160

This paper presents the findings of a study that examined the preparation and teaching practice of ten teachers of grades 7–12 from the Shandong province in China. This study revealed that a multi-dimensional training system has been developed to help the teachers gradually build up their knowledge base for teaching. The findings of this study indicated that the prospective teacher education emphasized a deep understanding of advanced mathematics, while the teacher professional development provided meaningful and effective ongoing activities for the enhancement of teaching skills. The teacher professional development appears to be an essential supplement to the prospective teacher education for improving teachers’ performance and developing teaching expertise.  相似文献