Conflicts in teachers’ professional practices and perspectives about inclusion in Icelandic compulsory schools     

Hermína Gunn  xFEórsdóttir  Dóra S. Bjarnason 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(4):491-504

Inclusive education policy, now the norm in many parts of the world including Iceland, is highly dependent on teachers for its successful implementation. Research on inclusion often attempts to identify teachers’ attitudes of inclusion (against/for). This article takes a different approach. It focuses on teachers’ perspectives of their professional practices; that is, how teachers understand what it means to be and practise as a teacher. We interviewed 10 Icelandic compulsory school teachers and also examined teaching logs and associated documents. The findings suggest that the teachers participating in this study have conflicting expectations towards their professional practice. They have unclear ideas about the inclusive ideology, and external factors influence teachers’ perception of their professional practice more than reflective practices. We suggest that these findings may well be applicable beyond the Icelandic context, and that they have implications for the overall in-service and pre-service education offered to teachers.  相似文献   

Speech Is Dead; Long Live Speech     

Joshua Gunn 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2013,99(3):343-364

EARLY REAGAN: THE RISE TO POWER. By Anne Edwards. New York: William Morrow &; Co, Inc., 1987; pp. 491 + appendices. $21.95.

DOCUMENTARY AND THE MASS MEDIA. Edited by John Corner. Baltimore, MD: Edward Arnold Publishers, 1986; pp. xiv + 178. Paper $19.95.

THE ETHICS OF READING: KANT, de MAN, ELIOT, TROLLOPE, JAMES, AND BENJAMIN. By J. Hillis Miller. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1987; pp. 138. $20.00.

FOUR THEORIES OF MYTH IN TWENTIETH‐CENTURY HISTORY. By Ivan Strenski. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1987; pp. vii + 234. $22.50.

THE RHETORIC OF THE HUMAN SCIENCES: LANGUAGE AND ARGUMENT IN SCHOLARSHIP AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS. Edited by John S. Nelson, Allan Megill, and Donald N. McCloskey. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1987; pp xiii + 445. $24.00.

IMAGING AMERICAN WOMEN: IDEA AND IDEALS IN CULTURAL HISTORY. By Martha Banta. New York: Columbia University Press, 1987; pp. xviii + 844. $50.00.

GLAS. By Jacques Derrida. Translated by John P. Leavey, Jr. and Richard Rand. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1986; pp 262. $40.00.

GLASSARY. By John P. Leavey, Jr. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1986; pp. 320. $40.00.

THE CULTURE OF CRITICISM AND THE CRITICISM OF CULTURE. By Giles Gunn. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987; pp. xv + 216. $24.95.

MEANING AND MORAL ORDER: EXPLORATIONS IN CULTURAL ANALYSIS. By Robert Withnow. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1987; pp. xiii + 435. $38.50.

HOPE AMONG US YET: SOCIAL CRITICISM AND SOCIAL SOLACE IN DEPRESSION AMERICA. By David P. Peeler. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1987; pp. xi + 340. $35.00.

POWER AND COMMUNICATION. By Andrew King. Prospect Heights, Illinois: Waveland Press Inc., 1987; pp v + 153. Paper $8.95.

HANDBOOK OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION. Edited by Fredric M. Jablin, Linda L. Putnam, Karlene H. Roberts, and Lyman W. Porter, Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1987; pp. 781. $59.95.

THINGS HIDDEN SINCE THE FOUNDATION OF THE WORLD. By René Girard, with Jean‐Michel Oughourlian and Guy Lefort. Trans. by Stephen Bann and Michael Metteer. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1987; pp. 469. $30.00.

MACHIAVELLI AND THE HISTORY OF PRUDENCE. By Eugene Garver. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1987; pp. xiv + 238. $28.50.

LANGUAGE AND TRUTH. By Garth L. Hallett. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988; pp. viii + 234. $21.50.

MARCUS GARVEY LIFE AND LESSONS. Edited by Robert A. Hill and Barbara Bair. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987; pp. xv + 451. $19.95.

GIVING GLORY TO GOD IN APPALACHIA: WORSHIP PRACTICES OF SIX BAPTIST SUBDENOMINATIONS. By Howard Dorgan. Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press, 1987; pp. xxvii + 224. $24.95.

LISTENING TO THE CICADAS: A STUDY OF PLATO'S PHAEDRUS. By G.R.F. Ferrari. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987; pp. xiii + 293. $39.50.

ARISTOTLE: THE DESIRE TO UNDERSTAND. By Jonathan Lear. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988; pp. xi + 328. $39.50; paper $12.95.

RENAISSANCE HUMANISM: FOUNDATIONS, FORMS, AND LEGACY. Volume 3: HUMANISM AND THE DISCIPLINES. Ed. Albert Rabil Jr. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988; pp. xvii + 692. $51.95.

RHETORIC: ESSAYS IN INVENTION &; DISCOVERY. By Richard McKeon. Edited with an Introduction by Mark Backman. Woodbridge, CT: Oxbow Press, 1987; pp. xxxi + 220. $25.00.

IN DEFENCE OF RHETORIC. By Brian Vickers. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988; pp. xvii + 508. $79.00.  相似文献   

Maranatha     

Joshua Gunn 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2013,99(4):359-385

This essay advances a theory of generic criticism attuned to bodily affect. Aligning form with affect and genre with meaningful emotion, genre is described as the way in which the feeling of form is delivered to language. The primary example is Mel Gibson's film, The Passion of the Christ, which was marketed as a melodrama, but which exemplifies the generic norms of pornography.  相似文献   

On dead subjects: a rejoinder to Lundberg on (a) psychoanalytic rhetoric     

Joshua Gunn 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2013,99(4):501-513

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VII. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS     

Jeanne Brooks‐Gunn  John M. Love  Helen H. Raikes  Rachel Chazan‐Cohen 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2013,78(1):130-143

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They Love It,but Do They Learn from It? Evaluating the Educational Impact of Innovations     

Cathy Gunn 《高等教育研究与发展》1999,18(2):185-199

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In Retrospect     

Pat Gunn 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1998,45(3):249-252

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Early Intervention,Families, and Adolescents With Down Syndrome     

Mary Crombie  Pat Gunn 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1998,45(3):253-281

Developmental assessments are reported for two cohorts of Brisbane children with Down syndrome at chronological ages from 11 to 14 years. Cohort 1 was born during 1973 to 1974 while Cohort 2 was born from May 1976 to December 1978. These cohorts provided an opportunity of studying the long‐term effects of early intervention as a history‐graded influence on development; one cohort was born before early intervention became widely available whereas by the time the other children were born, a variety of programs were being offered children with disabilities. No significant cohort differences were found in MA at 11 years, 12 years and 14 years CA, in non‐verbal scores at 11 years and 12 years CA, or in adaptive behaviour scores near 13 years CA. There was no evidence of a final plateau in MA. When the cohorts were divided on the basis of early intervention commencement age, frequency and duration of attendance, there were again no group differences. SES, mothers’ education, and gender were significant predictors of MA but gender did not add significantly to non‐verbal scores. Cognitive function was strongly associated with adaptive behaviours. It was concluded that early intervention studies need to investigate social disadvantage and biological impairment not only as separate issues, but as a combination of the two. There is also a continuing need to identify the specific elements associated with SES and maternal education that influence development in children.  相似文献   

‘It doesn't matter how they move really,as long as they move.’ Physical education teachers on developing their students’ movement capabilities     

Håkan Larsson  Gunn Nyberg 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2017,22(2):137-149

Background: Movement is key in physical education, but the educational value of moving is sometimes obscure. In Sweden, recent school reforms have endeavoured to introduce social constructionist concepts of knowledge and learning into physical education, where the movement capabilities of students are in focus. However, this means introducing a host of new and untested concepts to the physical education teacher community.

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to explore how Swedish physical education teachers reason about helping their students develop movement capability.

Participants, setting and research design. The data are taken from a research project conducted in eight Swedish secondary schools called ‘Physical education and health – a subject for learning?’ in which students and teachers were interviewed and physical education lessons were video-recorded. This article draws on data from interviews with the eight participating teachers, five men and three women. The teachers were interviewed partly using a stimulated recall technique where the teachers were asked to comment on video clips from physical education lessons where they themselves act as teachers.

Data analysis. A discourse analysis was conducted with a particular focus on the ensemble of more or less regulated, deliberate and finalised ways of doing things that characterise the eight teachers’ approach to helping the students develop their movement capabilities.

Findings. The interviews indicate that an activation discourse (‘trying out’ and ‘being active’) dominates the teachers’ ways of reasoning about their task (a focal discourse). When the teachers were specifically asked about how they can help the students improve their movement capacities, a sport discourse (a referential discourse) was expressed. This discourse, which is based on the standards of excellence of different sports, conditions what the teachers see as (im)possible to do due to time limitations and a wish not to criticise the students publicly. The mandated holistic social constructionist discourse about knowledge and learning becomes obscure (an intruder discourse) in the sense that the teachers interpret it from the point of view of a dualist discourse, where ‘knowledge’ (theory) and ‘skill’ (practice) are divided.

Conclusions. Physical education teachers recoil from the task of developing the students’ movement capabilities due to certain conditions of impossibility related to the discursive terrain they are moving in. The teachers see as their primary objective the promotion of physical activity – now and in the future; they conceptualise movement capability in such a way that emphasising the latter would jeopardise their possibilities of realising the primary objective. Should the aim be to reinforce the social constructionist national curriculum, where capability to move is suggested to be an attempt at formulating a concept of knowledge that includes both propositional and procedural aspects and which is not based on the standards of excellence of either sport techniques or motor ability, then teachers will need support to interpret the national curriculum from a social constructionist perspective. Further, alternative standards of excellence as well as a vocabulary for articulating these will have to be developed.  相似文献   

A quantitative evaluation of the influence of the lithosphere on the anomalies of gravity     

Ross Gunn 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1943,236(1):47-66

A quantitative investigation is made of the influence of a strong elastic lithosphere on departures from isostasy. Isostasy is shown to be a special case of a more general principle that may be called the principle of isobaric equilibrium. This principle which expresses the condition for vertical equilibrium is formulated quantitatively both in terms of the resultant vertical stresses in the lithosphere and in terms of measurable gravity anomalies. Employing the principle, a stress function may be determined that permits an estimate of the fraction of the uniform superposed load carried by the lithosphere. By applying this method, it is found that for the central region of a block to be in substantial isostatic adjustment (96 per cent.), the linear dimension of the load must approximate characterizing the elastic deformations of the lithosphere is determined by appeal to geological data from deltas and regions near a thrust fault. The values so obtained suggest a value of 50 ± 15 Km. for the effective thickness of the lithosphere. The deformed figures of the lithosphere for certain special types of load have been worked out together with the stress function that measures both the gravity anomaly and the resultant vertical stress.  相似文献