Pensamiento y acción en el profesor: de los estudios sobre la planificación al pensamiento práctico     

Angel I. Pérez  José Glmeno 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(42):37-63

Resumen

Este artículo presenta una revisión crítica de la literatura de los últimos diez años sobre el tema del pensamiento y la intervención práctica del profesor. Se analiza la evolución de los estudios e investigaciones desde los planteamientos más cercanos al paradigma proceso-producto y mediacional, de marcado carácter psicológico, a los estudios alternativos, con mayor influencia filosófica y sociológica y que conceden mayor importancia a las estructuras de los contenidos del pensamiento del profesor.  相似文献   

Bullying/victimization from a family perspective: a qualitative study of secondary school students’ views     

I. Bibou-Nakou  J. Tsiantis  H. Assimopoulos  P. Chatzilambou 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2013,28(1):53-71

The present paper uses a qualitative method in order to study the ways in which bullying is discursively organized among young adolescent students in relation to the family factors related to it. Only a few studies have linked aspects of parenting and family functioning to bullying through the use of students’ discourses despite the fact that family views and policies have a significant impact on bullying and the role the adolescent takes in relation to it, as well as the phenomenon. In the present study, 5 schools with a total number of 90 students in 14 focus groups participated through semistructured interviews. The analysis was facilitated by QSR NVivo, and three themes emerged under the heading of family-related factors of bullying: (a) difficult home environment with many conflicts between the spouses or between the parents and the young adolescents, (b) parenting styles such as parental overprotection, lack of supervision, or excessive control, and (c) domestic abuse. The findings of this study confirm patterns of bullying and its relation to familial factors in the international literature. The implications of the findings are discussed in light of intervention, as well as prevention.  相似文献   

Justification beliefs and multiple-documents comprehension     

Ivar Bråten  Leila E. Ferguson  Helge I. Strømsø  Øistein Anmarkrud 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2013,28(3):879-902

Building on the multidimensional framework of epistemic cognition proposed by Greene et al. (Educational Psychologist 43:142–160, 2008), this study examined beliefs about justification of knowledge claims in science among 65 Norwegian 10th graders. The first research question asked whether beliefs in personal justification, justification by authority, and justification by multiple sources differed in strength among the participants. It was found that the students most strongly believed in justification by authority, followed by justification by multiple sources and personal justification. The second research question asked whether the three types of justification beliefs differentially and uniquely predicted the comprehension of multiple conflicting documents on a science issue. In a multiple regression analysis with multiple-documents comprehension indicated by essay performance as the dependent variable, both personal justification and justification by multiple sources emerged as unique predictors when topic knowledge was controlled for. Specifically, beliefs in personal opinion as a means of justifying knowledge claims in science was negatively related to multiple-documents comprehension, whereas beliefs in justification through corroboration across multiple sources of information were positively related to multiple-documents comprehension. This study provides new evidence about relationships between epistemic beliefs and new literacy competencies needed in an information society, such as integrating across multiple conflicting sources of information; relationships that may also have practical implications.  相似文献   

The student experience of piloting multi-modal performance feedback tools in health and social care practice (work)-based settings     

C.A. Dearnley  J.D. Taylor  J.C. Laxton  S. Rinomhota  I. Nkosana-Nyawata 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2013,38(4):436-450

The aim of this study was to evaluate newly developed performance feedback tools from the student perspective. The tools were innovative in both their mode of delivery and the range of stakeholders they involved in the feedback process. By using the tools in health and social care settings, students were able to engage in interprofessional assessment of common competences and obtain performance feedback from a range of stakeholders not commonly involved in work-based learning; these included peers and service users. This paper discusses the ways in which the performance feedback tools were developed by a collaborative programme and compares their delivery, across a wide range of professions and work-based settings, in paper-based, web-based and mobile formats. The tools were evaluated through a series of profession-specific focus groups involving 85 students and 7 professions. The data were analysed thematically and reduced to three key categories: mode of delivery, assessment tool dynamics and work-based issues. These will be discussed in detail. The students agreed that the structured way of capturing and documenting feedback from several sources would support their practice placement learning. The reflective nature of the tools and the capacity for guiding reflection was also welcomed. The concepts of gaining service user, peer and/or interprofessional feedback on performance were new to some professions and evoked questions of reliability and validity, alongside appreciation of the value they added to the assessment process.  相似文献   

Maintaining a Social‐Emotional Intervention and Its Benefits for Institutionalized Children     

Robert B. McCall  Christina J. Groark  Larry Fish  Rifkat J. Muhamedrahimov  Oleg I. Palmov  Natalia V. Nikiforova 《Child development》2013,84(5):1734-1749

This article reports the maintenance of one of the largest interventions conducted in St. Petersburg (Russian Federation) orphanages for children birth to 4 years using regular caregiving staff. One orphanage received training plus structural changes, another training only, and a third business as usual. The intervention produced substantial differences between these institutions on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) Inventory and on the Battelle Developmental Inventory scores for children. These institutional differences in HOME scores (N = 298) and Battelle scores for children (N = 357) departing the institutions for families in St. Petersburg and the United States were maintained for at least 6 years after the intervention project. This result may be associated with certain features of the intervention and activities conducted during the follow‐up interval.  相似文献   

A Survey of Racial Prejudices     

Abraham I. Katsh 《The Educational forum》2013,77(3):297-305

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State Constitutional and Statutory Limitations on College Admission Policies     

I. L. Kandel 《The Educational forum》2013,77(3):337-341

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Editorial     

I. L. Kandel 《The Educational forum》2013,77(4):454-456

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Democracy and Education in England: Proposals for Educational Reconstruction     

I. L. Kandel 《The Educational forum》2013,77(3):207-216

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Factors influencing the take-up of physics within second-level education in Ireland—the teachers’ perspective     

Yurgos Politis  Maureen Killeavy  Peter I. Mitchell 《Irish Educational Studies》2013,32(1):39-55

There has been a disturbing decline in the take-up of physics within second-level education in Ireland since the early nineties. Here, an analysis is presented of the main factors influencing the take-up of physics from the perspective of secondary school teachers. The database underpinning the analysis is based on a comprehensive survey of teacher opinion in Irish schools conducted in December 2004. The sample included all such schools in Ireland and was directed at school principals, senior cycle physics teachers, and junior cycle science teachers. The data reveal that most senior cycle physics teachers in Ireland do not possess a ‘physics-dominated’ primary degree, are dissatisfied with the technical back-up available to them and their students, consider that many of their students lack the basic mathematical skills needed for physics, believe their students are not adequately informed about career opportunities in physics, and feel students are disadvantaged in regard to grade points in the leaving certificate examination compared with most other subjects. These findings echo those of a previous report by the Government Task Force on the Physical Sciences and lend renewed urgency to the necessity of implementing a comprehensive action programme to reverse the decline in physics take-up before it impacts negatively on the Irish economy.  相似文献